According to Pausanias, writing in the 2nd century AD, the term ' Achaean ' was originally given to those Greeks inhabiting the Argolis and Laconia.

Pausanias, writing in the late 2nd century, records five different versions of what happened to Medea's children after reporting that he has seen a monument for them while traveling in Corinth.

But Pausanias writing in the 2nd century AD reported another early source ( now lost ): " The Lycian Olen, an earlier poet, who composed for the Delians, among other hymns, one to Eileithyia, styles her ' the clever spinner ', clearly identifying her with Fate, and makes her older than Cronus .” Being the youngest born to Gaia, Cronus was a Titan of the first generation and he was identified as the father of Zeus.

Pausanias reports that when Epimenides died, his skin was found to be covered with tattooed writing.

The intact Erechtheum was extensively described by the Roman geographer Pausanias ( 1. 26. 5-27. 3 ), writing a century after it had been restored in the 1st century AD.

Each myth is presented in the voice of a narrator writing under the Antonines, such as Plutarch or Pausanias, with citations of the classical sources.

Travel writing is a long-established literary format ; an early example is the writing of Pausanias ( 2nd century AD ) who produced his Description of Greece based on his own observations.

Pausanias failed to fight for the bodies of the dead, and because he retrieved the bodies under truce ( a sign of defeat ), he was disgraced and banished from Sparta.

Pausanias and Herodotus both recount the legend that the Achaeans were forced from these homelands by the Dorians, during the legendary Dorian invasion of the Peloponnese.

For example, the first ten verses of the Works and Days may have been borrowed from an Orphic hymn to Zeus ( they were recognised as not the work of Hesiod by critics as ancient as Pausanias ).

* Island Satyrs, which according to Pausanias were a savage race of red-haired, satyr-like creatures from an isolated island chain.

She was purified from this action by Priam, and in exchange she fought for him and killed many, including Machaon ( according to Pausanias, Machaon was killed by Eurypylus ), and according to another version, Achilles himself, who was resurrected at the request of Thetis.

When Pausanias visited the city of Triteia in the second century CE, he was told that the name of the city was derived from an eponymous Triteia, a daughter of Triton, and that it claimed to have been founded by her son ( with Ares ), one among several mythic heroes named Melanippus (" Black Horse ").

The latter seems to have been anything but discreet in manifesting her gratitude to Pausanias, according to Justin's report: he says that the same night of her return from exile she placed a crown on the assassin's corpse and erected a tumulus to his memory, ordering annual sacrifices to the memory of Pausanias.

Despite opposition from Lysander, after the battle Pausanias the Agiad King of Sparta, arranged a settlement between the two parties which allowed the reunification of Athens and Piraeus, and the re-establishment of democratic government in Athens.

Lysander arrived before Pausanias and persuaded the city of Orchomenus to revolt from the Boeotian confederacy.

Lysander, arriving before Pausanias, persuades the city of Orchomenus to revolt from the Boeotian confederacy, and then advances to Haliartus with his troops.

* With the help of the Athenian statesman and general, Cimon, Aristides commands an Athenian fleet of 30 ships that the Spartan commander Pausanias leads to free the Greek cities on Cyprus and capture Byzantium from the Persians and their Phoenician allies.

Pausanias states that in the middle of the 2nd century AD, the remains of an egg-shell, tied up in ribbons, were still suspended from the roof of a temple on the Spartan acropolis.

He ousts Pausanias and the Spartans from the area around the Bosporus.

Pausanias states that, according to the poet Eumelos, Aeëtes was the son of Helios ( from northern Peloponnesus ) and brother of Aloeus.

Pausanias says that the Boeotian city of Thespiae was either named from Thespia daughter of Asopus or from Thespius, a descendant of Erechtheus who came there from Athens.

Pausanias ( 5. 22. 1 ) and Diodorus Siculus ( 4. 73. 1 ) also mention a daughter Harpina and state that according to the traditions of the Eleans and Phliasians Ares lay with her in the city of Pisa and she bore him Oenomaus who Pausanias says ( 6. 21. 6 ) founded the city of Harpina named after her, not far from the river Harpinates.

This spring, according to Pausanias ( 2. 5. 1 ) was behind the temple to Aphrodite and people said its water was the same as that of the spring Peirene, the water in the city flowing from it underground.

To make up the twelve Diodorus ' list also adds Peirene ( the famous spring in Corinth ), Cleone ( possible eponym of a small city of Cleonae on the road from Corinth to Argos according to Pausanias ), Ornia ( otherwise totally unknown ), and Asopis.

According to Pausanias, Alpheius was a passionate hunter and fell in love with the nymph Arethusa, but she fled from him to the island of Ortygia near Syracuse, and metamorphosed herself into a well, after which Alpheius became a river, which flowing from Peloponnesus under the sea to Ortygia, there united its waters with those of the well Arethusa.

When Pausanias visited Argos in the 2nd century CE, he related the succession of Danaus to the throne, judged by the Argives, who " from the earliest times ... have loved freedom and self-government, and they limited to the utmost the authority of their kings :"

Their accomplishments defying the odds were some of the most inspiring of ancient Greek athletics and they served as inspiration to the Hellenic world for centuries, as Pausanias, the ancient traveller and writer indicates when he re-tells these stories in his narrative of his travels around Greece.

He also edited ( 1568 ) the geographical lexicon of Stephanus of Byzantium ; the travels of Pausanias ( completed after his death by Friedrich Sylburg, 1583 ); the Meditations of Marcus Aurelius ( 1558, the editio princeps based on a Heidelberg manuscript now lost ; a second edition in 1568 with the addition of Antoninus Liberalis, Phlegon of Tralles, an unknown Apollonius, and Antigonus of Carystus -- all paradoxographers ); and the chronicle of George Cedrenus ( 1566 ).

Pausanias was probably a native of Lydia ; he was certainly familiar with the western coast of Asia Minor, but his travels extended far beyond the limits of Ionia.

These travels resulted in several publications, e. g. Geography and Antiquities of Ithaca and Itinerary of Greece, with a Commentary on Pausanias and Strabo.

Early examples of travel literature include Pausanias ' Description of Greece in the 2nd century CE, and the travelogues of Ibn Jubayr ( 1145 – 1214 ) and Ibn Batutta ( 1304 – 1377 ), both of whom recorded their travels across the known world in detail.

Pausanias, the second king of Sparta ( see Spartan Constitution for more information on Sparta's dual monarchy ), was supposed to provide Lysander with reinforcements as they marched into Boeotia, yet failed to arrive in time to assist Lysander, likely because Pausanias disliked him for his brash and arrogant attitude towards the Spartan royalty and government.

When Pausanias visited Thebes in Boeotia, in the second century AD, he was shown Hector's tomb and was told that the bones had been transported to Thebes according to a Delphic oracle.

This can be compared to Pausanias ' report that in the Ionaian city of Colophon in Asia Minor a sacrifice of a black female puppy was made to Hecate as " the wayside goddess ", and Plutarch's observation that in Boeotia dogs were killed in purificatory rites.

** The Battle of Plataea in Boeotia ends the Persian invasions of Greece as the Persian general Mardonius is routed by the Greeks under Pausanias, nephew of the former Spartan King, Leonidas I.

The Spartans arranged for two armies, one under Lysander and the other under Pausanias of Sparta, to rendezvous at and attack the city of Haliartus, Boeotia.

At Thebes in Boeotia there are more varied finds than on Lemnos ; they include many little bronze votive bulls and which carry on into Roman times, when the traveller Pausanias, always alert to the history of cults, learned that it was Demeter Kabeiriia who instigated the initiation cult there in the name of Prometheus and his son Aitnaios.

Ogyges is also known as king of the Ectenes or Hectenes who according to Pausanias were the first inhabitants of Boeotia, where the city of Thebes would later be founded.

Alternatively, according to Pausanias they built a treasure chamber ( with secret entrance only they knew about ) for King Hyrieus of Boeotia.

Pausanias, in his account of Boeotia ( 9. 39 ), relates many details about the cult of Trophonius.

These Minyans were associated with Boeotian Orchomenus, as when Pausanias relates that " Teos used to be inhabited by Minyans of Orchomenus, who came to it with Athamas " and may have represented a ruling dynasty or a tribe later located in Boeotia.

Pausanias claims that Elis and Boeotia are inarticulate regions that have nothing to say against homosexual customs ( 182a-b ); Ionia and other regions think it is disgraceful ( 182b-c ), but they live under despots and think no more of philosophy and sport than they do of love.

According to ancient sources such as Plutarch and Pausanias, she came from Tanagra in Boeotia, where she was a teacher and rival to the better-known Theban poet Pindar.

* Pausanias, Description of Greece, ( Loeb Classical Library, Arcadia, Boeotia, Phocis and Ozolian Locri ; Books VIII – X ), English Translation by W. H. S.

At Haliartos in Boeotia, Pausanias saw the open-air " sanctuary of the goddesses whom they call Praxidikae.