* Classical conditioning or Pavlovian conditioning, a form of learning in which one stimulus comes to signal the occurrence of a second stimulus

According to Pavlov's theory of classical conditioning, the experimenters should have been able to condition a feared response within the rhesus monkeys to the evolutionary irrelevant stimuli because the Pavlovian model posits that any UCS can elicit a CR.

In the absence of evidence for reinforcement during operant conditioning, learning which occurs during operant experiments is actually only Pavlovian ( classical ) conditioning.

The dichotomy between Pavlovian and operant conditioning is therefore an inappropriate separation.

Clinical trials have shown that after three brief sessions of Pavlovian response conditioning while awake, and subsequent use of a biofeedback headband during sleep, more than 75 % of bruxism sufferers experience more than a 60 % reduction in nighttime clenching from the first day of biofeedback onward, and more than 50 % of bruxism sufferers experience more than an 80 % reduction in bruxism within the first month.

Operant conditioning is distinguished from Pavlovian conditioning in that operant conditioning uses reinforcement / punishment to alter an action-outcome association.

In contrast Pavlovian conditioning involves strengthening of the stimulus-outcome association.

Classical conditioning ( also Pavlovian conditioning or respondent conditioning ) is a form of learning in which one stimulus, the conditioned stimulus or CS, comes to signal the occurrence of a second stimulus, the unconditioned stimulus or US.

Robert A. Rescorla provided clear summary of this change in thinking, and its consequences, in his 1988 article " Pavlovian conditioning: It's not what you think it is.

A theory of Pavlovian conditioning.

In that field, respondent conditioning is a synonym for classical conditioning / Pavlovian conditioning.

* Classical conditioning is also known as Pavlovian conditioning.

During this time there was considerable progress in understanding simple associations ; notably, around 1930 the differences between Thorndike ’ s instrumental ( or operant ) conditioning and Pavlov ’ s classical ( or Pavlovian ) conditioning were clarified, first by Miller and Kanorski, and then by B. F. Skinner.

Although operant conditioning plays the largest role in discussions of behavioral mechanisms, classical conditioning ( or Pavlovian conditioning or respondent conditioning ) is also an important behavior-analytic process that need not refer to mental or other internal processes.

The 1950 decision to give monopoly over psychiatry to the Pavlovian school of Snezhnevsky was one of the crucial factors in the rise of political psychiatry.

Because Anton carried out the research for this human genetic modification at a time when such activity was illegal, he was inflicted with a Pavlovian mental ban, preventing him from thinking about the topic without suffering a panic attack.

Salter also brought attention to the fact that Pavlovian Psychology was a lot more than simple Classical Conditioning, citing the work done in Pavlov's Russian laboratory for over a quarter of a century.

But, the clearest evidence that autoshaping is under Pavlovian and not Skinnerian control was found using the omission procedure.

In the science-fiction book Ender's Shadow, " Pavlovian mental bans " are also used to prevent crime.

During the Joint Session these eminent psychiatrists, motivated by fear, had to publicly admit that their scientific positions were in error and they also had to promise to conform Pavlovian doctrines.

The term disinhibition is also used to describe a fundamental process of associative learning, specifically within the realm of classical ( Pavlovian ) conditioning.

Conditioned taste aversion, also known as Garcia effect ( after Dr. John Garcia ), and as " Sauce-Bearnaise Syndrome ", a term coined by Seligman and Hager, is an example of classical conditioning or Pavlovian conditioning.

Much of the progress in understanding the acquisition of fear responses in phobias can be attributed to the Pavlovian Model which is synonymous with Classical Conditioning.

The efficacy of nighttime biofeedback can depend strongly on daytime training, which is used to establish a Pavlovian response to the biofeedback signal that persists during sleep.

The result is that Anton must remain good humored at all times, can only speak of his work through self-deceptive metaphors, and even after his Pavlovian mental ban is lifted can no longer study science.

Smith knew these things, and had been secretly training Seabiscuit to run against this type, using a starting bell and a whip to give the horse a Pavlovian burst of speed from the start.

The Soviet doctors, under the incentive of Sneznevsky, devised a " Pavlovian theory of schizophrenia " and increasingly applied this diagnostic category to political dissidents.

Since the great flood of these dystopias has appeared only in the last twelve years, it seems fairly reasonable to assume that the chief impetus was the 1949 publication of Nineteen Eighty-Four, an assumption which is supported by the frequent echoes of such details as Room 101, along with education by conditioning from Brave New World, a book to which science-fiction writers may well have returned with new interest after reading the more powerful Orwell dystopia.

As photographers snap pictures, Alex daydreams of orgiastic violence and realizes the Ludovico conditioning has been reversed: " I was cured all right.

Subsequent modifications of Watson's perspective and that of " classical conditioning " ( see under Ivan Pavlov ) led to the rise of operant conditioning or " radical behaviorism ," a theory advocated by B. F. Skinner, which took over the academic establishment up through the 1950s and was synonymous with " behaviorism " for many.

Each enrollee volunteered and, upon passing a physical exam and / or a period of conditioning, was required to serve a minimum six month period with the option to serve as many as four periods, or up to two years if employment outside the Corps was not possible.

This has been studied in psychology as fear conditioning, beginning with John B. Watson's Little Albert experiment in 1920, which was inspired after observing a child with an irrational fear of dogs.

The theory of operant conditioning was developed by B. F. Skinner and is known as Radical Behaviorism.

The Maginot Line was impervious to most forms of attack, and had state-of-the-art living conditions for garrisoned troops, including air conditioning, comfortable eating areas and underground railways.

If anything, if a part of objective reality, theorization and systemization to Post-structuralists was an exponent of larger, more nebulous patterns of control in social orders – patterns that could not be encapsulated in theory without simultaneously conditioning it.

Central air conditioning was added, as well as two additional sub-basements providing space for workrooms, storage, and a bomb shelter.

Despite that, in March Wright outlined a novel in which Fish was to be liberated from his racial conditioning and become a dominating character.

However, the Pier was also designed to provide docking space for passenger excursion steamers, and in the pre-air conditioning era parts of the Pier, especially its outermost tip, were designed to serve as cool places for public gathering and entertainment.

Though it had sections with marble floors and heating and air conditioning, it was planned to be a temporary structure.

Pavlov's work with classical conditioning was of huge influence to how humans conceive of themselves, their behavior and learning processes and his studies of classical conditioning continue to be central to modern behavior therapy.

Her lack of court speed and mobility was her greatest weakness until she overhauled her conditioning program and lost 30 pounds beginning in 1995, and became mentally stronger.

Central ,'all-air ' air conditioning systems ( or package systems ) with a combined outdoor condenser / evaporator unit are often installed in modern residences, offices, and public buildings, but are difficult to retrofit ( install in a building that was not designed to receive it ) because of the bulky air ducts required to carry the needed air to heat or cool an area.

A similar, though radically reworked idea was taken up by B. F. Skinner in his formulation of operant conditioning.

The goal of the experiment was to show how principles of, at the time recently discovered, classical conditioning could be applied to condition fear of a white rat into " Little Albert ", an 11-month-old boy.

However, his mental conditioning was botched, causing Khn ' nr's personality to be erased leaving the Mar-Vell persona dominant.

" Without the benefits of Bene Gesserit mental conditioning, however, this later led to Alia's downfall, as she was unable to maintain control of the other egos striving for dominance.

The use of district cooling system, where chilled water from a central plant is provided to run the air conditioning, was laid extensively in the central district.

Air conditioning was put in, the year of 1979.