* California Penal Code Section 158: " Common barratry is the practice of exciting groundless judicial proceedings, and is punishable by imprisonment in the county jail not exceeding six months and by fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($ 1, 000 ).

Under Section 377A of the Penal Code, the introduction of the penis into the anus or mouth of another person is considered a " carnal intercourse against the order of nature " and is punishable with imprisonment of 20 years maximum and whipping.

For about the next 10 years, the country saw a steady process of secular Westernization through Atatürk's Reforms, which included the unification of education ; the discontinuation of religious and other titles ; the closure of Islamic courts and the replacement of Islamic canon law with a secular civil code modeled after Switzerland's and a penal code modeled after the Italian Penal Code ; recognition of the equality between the sexes and the granting of full political rights to women on 5 December 1934 ; the language reform initiated by the newly founded Turkish Language Association ; replacement of the Ottoman Turkish alphabet with the new Turkish alphabet derived from the Latin alphabet ; the dress law ( the wearing of a fez, is outlawed ); the law on family names ; and many others.

In Iceland, the hate speech law is not confined to inciting hatred, as one can see from Article 233 a. in the Icelandic Penal Code, but includes simply expressing such hatred publicly:

Under the Model Penal Code, " the behavior in question is thought to corroborate the defendant's criminal purpose ," for example:

* September 13, 1824 – With his crew and 29 convicts aboard the Amity, John Oxley arrives at and founds the Moreton Bay Penal Settlement at what is now Redcliffe in Queensland, Australia, after leaving Sydney.

* September 13 – With his crew and 29 convicts aboard the Amity, John Oxley arrives at and founds the Moreton Bay Penal Settlement at what is now Redcliffe in Queensland, Australia, after leaving Sydney.

* California Penal Code ( at FindLaw ; the relevant section is 384a.

“ Will be sentenced to death for treason any person who, with the intention of helping the hostile Power, or of causing harm to the German or allied troops, is guilty of one of the crimes of paragraph 90 of the German Penal Code .” The case referred to in the above-mentioned paragraph 90 consists of " Conducting soldiers to the enemy.

The maximum sentence for robbery in California is 9 years, according to Penal Code section 213 ( a )( 1 )( A ).

In consequence, the Centre for Juridical Research of the Faculty of Law has made significant contributions towards the Penal Procedures Reform which is being implemented throughout the country ; whilst two other Centres belonging to the Faculty of Humanities and Education ( Cognitive Development Centre ) and the Faculty of Communication and Letters ( Journalism and Advertising Research Centre, CIPP ) are implementing programmes of public interest in the areas of cognitive development, community strengthening and the role of the communications media in society.

Although suicide is not a form of homicide, assisting in another's suicide may constitute criminal homicide, as codified, for instance, in California Penal Code Sec.

New York Penal Law section 35. 15 effectively ordains that: " A person may ... use DEADLY physical force upon another person " " when and to the extent he reasonably believes such to be NECESSARY to defend himself or a third person from what he reasonably believes to be .... a kidnapping, forcible rape, forcible sodomy or ROBBERY ; or ( c ) ... a burglary ...." There is no duty to retreat under these circumstances.

In India, rioting is an offence under the Indian Penal Code ( IPC ).

Penal Law due to the fact there was much fighting in the streets, " A person is guilty of inciting to riot when one urges ten or more persons to engage in tumultuous and violent conduct of a kind likely to create public alarm.

An example of the obligation to help a person is the Argentina law on " abandonment of persons ", Articles 106-108 of the Argentine Penal Code, which include the provision in Article 106 " a person who endangers the life or health of another, either by putting a person in jeopardy or abandoning to their fate a person unable to cope alone who must be cared for ... will be imprisoned for between 2 and 6 years ".

* In the Penal Colony is a short story by Franz Kafka upon which the movie La Colonia penal ( 1970 ) is based.

* On Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, New Zealand is mentioned as the location of the Federation's minimum security Penal Settlement.

In the pilot of Star Trek: Voyager, the character Tom Paris is recruited from said Penal Settlement.

In Poland, hand-held pepper spray ( called precisely in Polish Penal Code " a hand-held disabling gas thrower ") is considered a weapon, but can be carried by anyone over 18 without further registration or permission.

In Romania, pepper spray is banned on sportive and cultural events, public transportation and entertainment locations ( according to Penal Code 2012, art 372, ( 1 ), c ).

NYS Penal Law § 265. 02 ( 6 ) makes it a class D felony to possess " a large capacity ammunition feeding device ," which is defined in Penal Law § 265. 00 ( 23 ) as " a magazine, belt, drum, feed strip, or similar device, manufactured after 13, 1994, that has a capacity of, or that can be readily restored or converted to accept, more than ten rounds of ammunition.

Any Englishman who married a Welsh woman also came under the Penal Laws of 1402.

Leading, ultimately, to the establishment of constitutional monarchy, while also along with the Penal Laws, settle the political and religious turmoil that had convulsed Scotland, England and Ireland in the 17th century.

They also abolished any legal distinction between the Welsh and the English, thereby effectively ending the Penal Code although this was not formally repealed.

Taken along with the highly significant Catholic Relief Act 1829 which O ' Connell had also vigorously campaigned for, and which saw amongst other things repeal of the remaining Penal Laws, many of the substantial restrictions on Catholics in the United Kingdom were now lifted.

He also ended transportation to Van Diemen's Land for prisoners by passing the Penal Servitude Act 1853, which also reduced the maximum sentences for most offences.

Under the Penal Laws, which were in force between the 17th and 19th centuries ( though enforced with varying degrees of severity ), Catholic recusants in Britain and Ireland were barred from public office, while Catholics in Ireland were also barred from entry to the University of Dublin and professions such as law, medicine, and the military.

* Penal substitution is also sometimes described as a type of satisfaction atonement, but the term ' satisfaction atonement ' functions primarily as a technical term to refer particularly to Anselm's theory.

There is also a Howard League for Penal Reform in New Zealand.

" In the Penal Colony " () ( also translated as " In the Penal Settlement ") is a short story by Franz Kafka written in German in October 1914, revised in November 1918, and first published in October 1919.

Tarlac is also home province of General Paulino Santos ( from Camiling ), who served as commander of Penal Colonies of South-Western Mindanao.

Penal codes of other republics of Soviet Union also had articles of similar nature.

* Penal transportation, also known as " sentence to transport "

Penal provisions also govern abuse of foreign flags or national emblems of other countries.

The Portuguese Penal Code ( article 323 ) also forbids the desecration of foreign symbols: " Who publicly, by means of words, gestures or print publication, or by other means of public communication, insults the official flag or other symbol of sovereignty of a foreign State or of an international organization of which Portugal is a member shall be punished with up to one year imprisonment or a fine of up to 120 days.

He has an older brother named Marcus A. Clarett who was a defensive tackle for the University at Buffalo and another older brother, Michael Graham Clarett Jr. who has also served time in the Ohio Penal System.

He wrote the libretto for Philip Glass ' opera In The Penal Colony, and has also written four TV scripts for 100 Centre Street, directed by Sidney Lumet.

There are also California Penal Code statutes covering similar activities.

* India ( according to Indian Penal Code section 376 ( A ) Intercourse by a man with his wife during separation .— Whoever has sexual intercourse with his wife, who is living separately from him under a decree of separation or under any custom or usage without her consent shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years and shall also be liable to fine.

In Ireland, the new government confiscated almost all lands belonging to Irish Catholics as punishment for the rebellion of 1641 ; harsh Penal Laws also restricted this community.

She was also a supporter of the 2005 amendment to the Finnish Copyright Act and Penal Code, which has been nicknamed Lex Karpela < ref name =" finlex ">

He also played Dean Martin's spy boss MacDonald, in the Matt Helm movie series, and is fondly remembered for his role as Dr. Tristan Adams, the villainous director of the Tantalus IV Penal Colony on the Star Trek Original Series episode, " Dagger of the Mind ".

The Commission has also created a periodical publication entitled Journal of Criminal Law and Penal Sciences, which has appeared since 1997.

In 1849 he voted for limiting the powers of the Habeas Corpus ( Ireland ) Suspension Bill, and also supported a measure for the further repeal of Penal Laws.