A more serious menace was Perkin Warbeck, a Flemish youth who posed as Edward IV's son Richard.

Warbeck's story subsequently attracted writers — most notably by the dramatist John Ford, who dramatized the story in his play Perkin Warbeck, first performed in the 1630s.

Perkin Warbeck, an impostor claimant to the English throne, who claimed to be Edward's son Richard of Shrewsbury, reportedly resembled Edward.

Mauveine was discovered by an 18-year-old chemist named William Henry Perkin, who went on to exploit his discovery in industry and become wealthy.

At the age of 14, Perkin attended the City of London School, where he was taught by Thomas Hall, who fostered his scientific talent and encouraged him to pursue a career in chemistry.

Perkin, who had an interest in painting and photography, immediately became enthusiastic about this result and carried out further trials with his friend Arthur Church and his brother Thomas.

This was Graham Perkin, appointed in 1966, who radically changed the paper's format and shifted its editorial line from the rather conservative liberalism of the Symes to a new " left liberalism " characterised by attention to issues such as race, gender and the environment, and opposition to White Australia and the death penalty.

Illustrated by Cheryl Ives, it was written by Kent historian Dr Robert Hume, who had previously authored books about Christopher Columbus and Perkin Warbeck.

Suitable as a dye of silk and other textiles, it was patented by Perkin, who the next year opened a dyeworks mass producing it at Greenford on the banks of the Grand Union Canal in London.

In 1493 Poynings was acting as deputy or governor of Calais ; in July he was sent with Warham on a mission to Archduke Philip to gain Perkin Warbeck's expulsion from Burgundy, where he had been welcomed by the dowager duchess Margaret ; the envoys obtained from Philip a promise that he would abstain not aid Warbeck, but the duke asserted that he could not control the actions of the duchess, who was the real ruler of the country.

The lord deputy marched in person against Perkin, who blockaded Waterford with eleven ships, while Desmond, with 2, 400 men, attacked it on land.

The story starts telling of an apprentice named Perkyn ( aka Perkin ) who is fond of drinking and dancing.

The journalist who authored the story, Tony Koch, won the Graham Perkin Australian Journalist of the Year award for relevant reports in The Australian newspaper and in particular the resulting effective contribution he made to the public outcry.

The term " pretender " applies not only to claimants with arguably genuine rights to the throne ( as the various pretenders of the Wars of the Roses ) who regarded the de facto monarch as a usurper, but also to impostors with wholly fabricated claims ( as pretenders to Henry VII's throne Lambert Simnel and Perkin Warbeck ).

Back in England, he took a position as demonstrator for Perkin, who had been appointed professor at Heriot-Watt College, Edinburgh.

* Perkin Warbeck ( 1474 – 1499 ), a pretender who claimed to be Richard, Duke of York

Interestingly, if – as stated above – he was in possession of the former Clifford estates, it shows Sir Robert Clifford, who had been acting as Henry VII's spy in the camp of Perkin Warbeck, as the one to accuse Stanley of treason.

* Lady Catherine Gordon, wife of pretender Perkin Warbeck, who claimed to be Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York

* Sir William Henry Perkin ( 1838 – 1907 ) chemist who discovered aniline purple dye, mauveine, in a hut in the garden of his family's Cable Street home.

* Sir William Henry Perkin ( 1838 – 1907 ), chemist who discovered mauveine, who was baptised at St. Paul's Church, Shadwell

Also baptised there were William Henry Perkin, the English chemist who discovered the first aniline dye, and Jane Randolph, mother of Thomas Jefferson.

* Sir William Henry Perkin ( 1838 – 1907 ) chemist who discovered aniline purple dye was baptised at St. Paul's Church, Shadwell

Since these experiments were not part of the work on quinine which had been assigned to Perkin, the trio carried them out in a hut in Perkin's garden, so as to keep them secret from Hofmann.

Its extraction was variable and complicated, and so Perkin and his brother realised that they had discovered a possible substitute whose production could be commercially successful.

Perkin could not have chosen a better time or place for his discovery: England was the cradle of the Industrial Revolution, largely driven by advances in the production of textiles ; the science of chemistry had advanced to the point where it could have a major impact on industrial processes ; and coal tar, the major source of his raw material, was an abundant by-product of the process for making coal gas and coke.

In 1869, Perkin found a method for the commercial production from anthracene of the brilliant red dye alizarin, which had been isolated and identified from madder root some forty years earlier in 1826 by the French chemist Pierre Robiquet, simultaneously with purpurin, another red dye of lesser industrial interest, but the German chemical company BASF patented the same process one day before he did.

He had two sons from the first marriage ( William Henry Perkin, Jr. and Arthur George Perkin ) and one son ( Frederick Mollwo Perkin ) and four daughters from the second.

Perkin was a Liveryman of the Leathersellers ' Company for 46 years and was elected Master of the Company for the year 1896-97 ; his father and grandfather had also been Liverymen of the same Company.

The discovery in 1856 by William Henry Perkin that aniline could be used to make intense colouring agents had led to the commercial production of synthetic dyes in England from aniline extracted from coal tar.

Ferdinand was especially aware that Tudor rule was threatened by various pretenders, most notably Perkin Warbeck, and sent Pedro de Ayala as ambassador in Scotland, where Warbeck had found support.

The firm of Brooke Simpson Spiller at Atlas Works in Berkshire Road had taken over the firm of William Henry Perkin at Greenford Green near Harrow in 1874, but subsequently disposed of some operations to Burt Bolton Heywoodd in Silvertown .< ref >< cite > History of the International Dyestuffs Industry accessed 11 December 2007 </ cite ></ ref > Nevertheless, Brooke Simpson Spiller is the successor company to the founding father of the British Dyestuff Industry .< ref >< cite >

The first human-made ( synthetic ) organic dye, mauveine, was discovered serendipitously by William Henry Perkin in 1856.

The first synthetic organic dye, mauveine, was discovered by William Henry Perkin in 1856 while he was attempting to synthesize quinine.

** Mauveine, the first synthetic organic dye, is discovered by William Henry Perkin while attempting to synthesize quinine.

* July 3 – Perkin Warbeck's troops land in Kent, in support of his claim to the English crown, backed by Margaret of York, Duchess of Burgundy.

Once again Perkin attempted to lay siege to Waterford, but this time his effort lasted only eleven days before he was forced to flee Ireland, chased by four English ships.

Coal tar was subsequently used to produce the first synthetic dye, mauve, by William Henry Perkin in 1856 and in 1853 was found, by Charles Gerhardt to contain the chemical acetylsalicylic acid, now known as aspirin.

After the discovery of mauveine, many new aniline dyes appeared ( some discovered by Perkin himself ), and factories producing them were constructed across Europe.

Over the next few years, Perkin found his research and development efforts increasingly eclipsed by the German chemical industry, and so in 1874 he sold his factory and retired from business, a very wealthy man.

Today blue plaques mark the sites of Perkin's home in Cable Street, by the junction with King David Lane, and the Perkin factory in Greenford.

Today the Perkin Medal is widely acknowledged as the highest honour in American industrial chemistry and has been awarded annually by the American section of the Society of Chemical Industry to many inspiring and gifted chemists.

The castle was destroyed in the 15th century, which may have been as a penalty for the local Lord Audley's involvement in the Second Cornish Uprising of 1497 led by Perkin Warbeck.

In the 1490s, Perkin Warbeck, a Pretender for the English crown, claimed to be Richard, Duke of York, but he is generally considered to have been an impostor, and was labeled thus by the Tudor regime.

In 1879, Perkin showed mauveine B related to safranines by oxidative / reductive loss of the p-tolyl group.