" The Organization of Economic Activity: Issues Pertinent to the Choice of Market versus Non-market Allocations ", in Analysis and Evaluation of Public Expenditures: The PPP System, Volume 1, pp. 47 – 64.

He wrote The Mattachine Society of Washington, D. C. ( 2 / 25 / 66 ): " Pertinent considerations here are the revulsion of other ( federal ) employees by homosexual conduct and the consequent disruption of service efficiency, the apprehension caused other employees of homosexual advances, solicitations or assaults, the unavoidable subjection of the sexual deviate to erotic stimulation ( on-the-job )".

" She began looking for illustration work once more, being employed by a monthly free-thinking magazine known as Pertinent, which had been founded in 1940 and which was edited by the poet Leon Batt.

In 1995, “ Recommendations for Use of Uniform Nomenclature Pertinent to Patients With Severe Alterations in Consciousness ” was published by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine ( ACRM ).

* Copernican Revolution ( metaphor )

Bala argues that the changes involved in the Scientific Revolution — the mathematical realist turn, the mechanical philosophy, the atomism, the central role assigned to the Sun in Copernican heliocentrism — have to be seen as rooted in multicultural influences on Europe.

Neo-Astrology: A Copernican Revolution, The Penguin Group, London, ISBN 0-14-019318-9

* Copernican Revolution ( metaphor )

* Kuhnian: The philosopher of science, Thomas Kuhn argues in The Structure of Scientific Revolutions with respect to the Copernican Revolution that people are unlikely to jettison an unworkable paradigm, despite many indications that the paradigm is not functioning properly, until a better paradigm can be presented.

" In addition to the Copernican Revolution debate of " saving the phenomena " ( Greek σῴζειν τὰ φαινόμενα, sozein ta phainomena ) versus offering explanations that inspired Duhem was Thomas Aquinas, who wrote, regarding eccentrics and epicycles, thatReason may be employed in two ways to establish a point: firstly, for the purpose of furnishing sufficient proof of some principle [...].

The work is significant as it introduced the Ptolemaic system into Islamic sciences ( the Ptolemaic system was ultimately replaced by the Copernican system during the Scientific Revolution in Europe ).

In addition to the Copernican Revolution debate of " saving the phenomena " ( Greek σῴζειν τὰ φαινόμενα, sozein ta phainomena

The Copernican Revolution of the 16th century led to reconsideration of these matters.

The Copernican Revolution refers to the paradigm shift away from the Ptolemaic model of the heavens, which postulated the Earth at the center of the galaxy, towards the heliocentric model with the Sun at the center of our Solar System.

Through their letters, Tycho and Kepler discussed a broad range of astronomical problems, dwelling on lunar phenomena and Copernican theory ( particularly its theological viability ).

* Volume 4-Physica Particularis ( Part I ) including astronomy ( Ptolemaic, Copernican, Tychonic ), optics, chemistry, gravity, and Newtonian versus Cartesian dynamics

In 2005, two investment product managers offering structured products joined the Portland Holdings portfolio, Copernican Capital Corporation has offered retail investment products, primarily sold by brokers, and has raised more than C $ 300 million since its launch.

If in any one calculation Ptolemy had had to invoke 83 epicycles all at once, while Copernicus never required more than one third this number, then ( in the sense obvious to Margenau ) Ptolemaic astronomy would be simpler than Copernican.

In cosmology, if one assumes the Copernican principle and observes that the universe appears isotropic from our vantage-point on Earth, then one can prove that the Universe is generally homogeneous ( at any given time ) and is also isotropic about any given point.

It is clear from Euclid's geometry that the effect would be undetectable if the stars were far enough away, but for various reasons such gigantic distances involved seemed entirely implausible: it was one of Tycho Brahe's principal objections to Copernican heliocentrism that in order for it to be compatible with the lack of observable stellar parallax, there would have to be an enormous and unlikely void between the orbit of Saturn and the eighth sphere ( the fixed stars ).

The lunar geological time scale has been divided into five periods ( Pre-Nectarian, Nectarian, Imbrian, Eratosthenian, and Copernican ) with one of these ( the Imbrian ) being subdivided into two epochs.

Regarding this Tycho wrote, “ Deduce these things geometrically if you like, and you will see how many absurdities ( not to mention others ) accompany this assumption the motion of the earth by inference .” He also cited the Copernican system's " opposition to the authority of Sacred Scripture in more than one place " as a reason why one might wish to reject it, and observed that his own geoheliocentric alternative “ offended neither the principles of physics nor Holy Scripture ”.

Here he arranged the " orbes " in the new Copernican order, expanding one sphere to carry " the globe of mortalitye ", the Earth, the four elements, and the Moon ; and expanding the starry sphere infinitely upward to encompass all the stars, and also to serve as " the court of the Great God, the habitacle of the elect, and of the coelestiall angelles.

Until the late 1990s, it contained one of the largest working Copernican orreries in the world.

The historian of science Edward Grant has described Book 9 as being the " lengthiest, most penetrating, and authoritative " analysis of this question made by " any author of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries ", apparently superseding even Galileo's Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems — Ptolemaic and Copernican in his opinion, and indeed one writer has recently described Book 9 as " the book Galileo was supposed to write ".

Hence, someone may well ask: How is one to know which hypothesis is truer, the Ptolemaic or the Copernican?

Giugiaro referred to the design as his fifth " Copernican revolution ", integrating the design innovations of many different previous designs into one, mass producible, vehicle.

Although he primarily taught the traditional geocentric Ptolemaic view of the solar system, Maestlin was also one of the first to accept and teach the heliocentric Copernican view.

If the large-scale Universe appears isotropic as viewed from Earth, the cosmological principle can be derived from the simpler Copernican principle, which states that there is no preferred ( or special ) observer or vantage point.

Michael Rowan-Robinson emphasizes the importance of the Copernican principle: " It is evident that in the post-Copernican era of human history, no well-informed and rational person can imagine that the Earth occupies a unique position in the universe.

Thus Kant effects his “ Copernican ” revolution of knowledge by changing our perspective on knowledge from a question of “ what can truly be known ” ( i. e. how can we actually come to know universals ), to a question of “ how does the knowing mind operate .”

Within the work of Da Vinci fascination can be found within manuscripts describing the Platonic Solids, and also within the work of Kepler who supported the Copernican theory of heliocentrism and attempted a theory of the universe based on musical, geometrical harmony.

An illustration of the Copernican universe can be seen at right.

Cosmology as a science originated with the Copernican principle, which implies that celestial bodies obey identical physical laws to those on Earth, and Newtonian mechanics, which first allowed us to understand those laws.

In the Copernican theory, the stars had to lie at vast distances from Earth in order to explain why no annual parallax was seen among them.

As early as 1573, Thomas Digges had suggested that this theory should necessitate a parallactic shifting of the stars, and, consequently, if such stellar parallaxes existed, then the Copernican theory would receive additional confirmation.

Bondi and Thomas Gold used the Copernican principle to argue for the perfect cosmological principle which maintains that the universe is also homogeneous in time, and is the basis for the steady-state cosmology.

According to Harrison, the first to conceive of anything like the paradox was Thomas Digges, who was also the first to expound the Copernican system in English and may have been the first to postulate an infinite universe with infinitely many stars.

Copernican heliocentrism | Model of the Copernican universe by Thomas Digges in 1576, with the amendment that the stars are no longer confined to a sphere, but spread uniformly throughout the space surrounding the planet s.

* 1576 — Thomas Digges modifies the Copernican system by removing its outer edge and replacing the edge with a star-filled unbounded space

Thomas Digges ' 1576 Copernican heliocentric model of the celestial orbs

An illustration of the Copernican universe from Thomas Digges ' book

** Francis R. Johnson and Sanford V. Larkey, " Thomas Digges, the Copernican System and the idea of the Infinity of the Universe in 1576 ," Huntington Library Bulletin 5 ( 1934 ): 69-117.