During the 5th year of Pharaoh Merneptah, a confederation of Libyan and northern peoples is supposed to have attacked the Western Delta.

Nebuchadnezzar successfully fought the Pharaohs Psammetichus II and Apries throughout his reign, and during the reign of Pharaoh Amasis in 568 BC it is rumoured that he may have briefly invaded Egypt itself.

This form of despotism was common in the first forms of statehood and civilization ; the Pharaoh of Egypt is exemplary of the classical despot.

:* Shemot, on Exodus 1-5: Affliction in Egypt, Moses is found and called, Pharaoh

The first record of the name Israel ( as ) occurs in the Merneptah stele, erected for Egyptian Pharaoh Merneptah c. 1209 BCE, " Israel is laid waste and his seed is not.

The first record of the name Israel occurs in the Merneptah stele, erected for Egyptian Pharaoh Merneptah c. 1209 BCE, " Israel is laid waste and his seed is not.

The earliest recorded trace of a recapitulation theory is from the Egyptian Pharaoh Psamtik I ( 664 – 610 BCE ), who used it as an hypothesis on the origin of language.

When the Pharaoh freed the Israelites, it is said that they left in such a hurry that they could not wait for bread dough to rise ( leaven ).

Is not the ruthlessness of the Egyptian Pharaoh surpassed by the sadism of the Nazi dictators? And yet, even in this hour of disaster and degradation, it is still helpful to " visualize oneself among those who had gone forth out of Egypt.

The earliest instance where pr -` 3 is used specifically to address the ruler is in a letter to Amenhotep IV ( Akhenaten ), who reigned c. 1353-1336 BC, which is addressed to ' Pharaoh, all life, prosperity, and health !.

Here, an induction of an individual to the Amun priesthood is dated specifically to the reign of Pharaoh Siamun.

Kings were also known to carry a staff, and Pharaoh Anedjib is shown on stone vessels carrying a so called mks-staff.

Egyptians may have referred to papyrus as pa-per-aa pr-ˁ3 ( that which is of Pharaoh ), apparently denoting the Egyptian crown as owning a monopoly on papyrus production.

" The life of Moses being threatened by Pharaoh is another example.

The earliest known quilted garment is depicted on the carved ivory figure of a Pharaoh of the Egyptian First Dynasty, about 3400 B. C.

The legendary Sesostris ( likely either Pharaoh Senusret II or Senusret III of the Twelfth dynasty of Egypt ) is suggested to have perhaps started work on an ancient canal joining the River Nile with the Red Sea ( 1897 BC – 1839 BC ).

* 609 BC: King Josiah of Judah dies in the Battle of Megiddo against Pharaoh Necho II of Egypt, who is on his way north to aid the rump Assyrian state of Ashur-uballit II.

* 1324 BC: Pharaoh Ay is crowned king of Egypt

* 2490 BCE — Menkaura is Pharaoh.

* 2475 BCE — Shepseskaf is Pharaoh.

* British — Graham, Matthew, and Ashley Pharaoh: Ashes to Ashes ( 2008 TV series ; main character, Alex Drake, is haunted by Pierrot like that in David Bowie video Ashes to Ashes ); Mahoney, Brian: Pierrot in Turquoise or The Looking Glass Murders ( 1970 film written and performed by David Bowie and Lindsay Kemp, adapted from their stage-play of the same title and produced by Scottish Television also # Songs, albums, and rock musicals | Songs, albums, and rock musicals below ).

According to Francis Llewellyn Griffith, an attractive hypothesis is to identify the Pharaoh as Taharqa before his succession, and Sethos as his Memphitic priestly title, " supposing that he was then governor of Lower Egypt and high-priest of Ptah, and that in his office of governor he prepared to move on the defensive against a threatened attack by Sennacherib.

It starred Gary Bond in the title role, Peter Reeves as the narrator, and Gordon Waller as Pharaoh.

The Persian king Cambyses assumed the formal title of Pharaoh, called himself Mesuti-Re (" Re has given birth "), and sacrificed to the Egyptian gods.

The Pharaoh's Daughter ( The Daughter of the Pharaoh, Russian title Doch Faraona, French title La Fille du Pharaon ), is a ballet choreographed by Marius Petipa, to the music of Cesare Pugni, with libretto by Jules-Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges from Théophile Gautier's Le Roman de la Momie.

Psamtik III was defeated and briefly escaped to Memphis, before he was ultimately imprisoned and, later, executed at Susa, the capital of the Persian king Cambyses, who now assumed the formal title of Pharaoh.

However, since this document was composed under Shoshenq I, the use of the title Pharaoh before Psusennes here cannot establish whether the king was Psusennes I or II.

However, this argument does not account for the use of Pharaoh as a title in the Dakhla stela — a literary device which first occurs late during the reign of Siamun, an Egyptian king who ruled between 45 to 64 years after Year 19 of Psusennes I.

The most significant component of the Great Dakhla stela is its palaeography: the use of the title Pharaoh Psusennes.

A scholar named Helen Jacquet-Gordon believed in the 1970s that the large Dakhla stela belonged to Shoshenq III's reign due to its use of the title ' Pharaoh ' directly with the ruling king's birth name — i. e.: " Pharaoh Shoshenq "-- which was an important palaeographical development in Egyptian history.

Throughout the Old, Middle and New Kingdoms of Ancient Egypt, the word pharaoh was never employed as a title such as Mr. and Mrs. or attached to a king's nomen such as Pharaoh Ramesses or Pharaoh Amenhotep ; instead, the word pr -` 3 or pharaoh was used as a noun to refer to the activities of the king ( i. e., it was " Pharaoh " who ordered the creation of a temple or statue, or the digging of a well, etc .).

Rolf Krauss aptly observes that the earliest attested use of the word pharaoh as a title is documented in Year 17 of the 21st Dynasty king Siamun from Karnak Priestly Annals fragment 3B while a second use of the title ' name ' occurs during Psusennes II's reign where a hieratic graffito in the Ptah chapel of the Abydos temple of Seti I explicitly refers to Psusennes II as the " High Priest of Amen-Re, King of the Gods, the Leader, Pharaoh Psusennes.

The song, or a modified version of it, has been used in the Roger Jones musical From Pharaoh to Freedom.

Cedar of Lebanon pine cone showing flecks of resin as used in the mummification of Pharaoh | Egyptian Pharaohs.

( Similarly, each Pharaoh, considered a god himself, had five different names used in public.

An early recorded use of foreign auxiliaries dates back to Ancient Egypt, the thirteenth century BC, when Pharaoh Ramesses II used 11, 000 mercenaries during his battles.

Akhenaten did refer to himself as " The Unique One of Re ", and he may have used his control of artistic expression to distance himself from the common people, though such a radical departure from the idealised traditional representation of the image of the Pharaoh would be truly extraordinary.

A depiction of an adze was also used as a hieroglyph, representing the consonants stp, " chosen ", and used as: ... Pharaoh XX, chosen of God / Goddess YY ...

A word used to denote a very old-fashioned individual ( bekkeselene !, line 398 ) might have been an allusion by Aristophanes to Herodotus ' account of an experiment by the Egyptian Pharaoh to determine humanity's original language, which Pharaoh concluded to be Phrygian on the grounds that the Phrygian word for bread ( bekkos ) was the first word spoken by some infants who had never been taught to speak.

The numeral 10 is used for ten times greater in EA 19, Love and Gold, one of King Tushratta's eleven letters to the Pharaoh -( Amenhotep IV-Akhenaton ).

Brand who has published an extensive biography on this Pharaoh and his numerous works, stresses in his thesis that relief decorations at various temple sites at Karnak, Qurna and Abydos which associate Ramesses II with Seti I, were actually carved after Seti's death by Ramesses II himself and, hence, cannot be used as source material to support a co-regency between the two monarchs.

He used Pharaoh 90's power in the hope of reviving her.

The Australian author Jackie French used the Palette, and recent research into Sumerian trade routes, to create her historical novel Pharaoh ( 2007 ).

Many Sunni Muslims fast during this day, because it is recorded in the hadith that Musa ( Moses ) and his people obtained a victory over the Egyptian Pharaoh on the 10th day of Muharram ; accordingly Islamic prophet Muhammad asked Muslims to fast on this day, and also a day extra either before or after, so that they are not similar to Jews ( since, according to him, Jews used to fast for one day due to the same reason, and many practices recorded in the hadith are specifically performed to avoid any apparent similarity to those of contemporary neighbouring Jews and Christians ).

This Beetle was archaeologist Dan Garrett, who obtained a number of superhuman powers ( including super strength and vision, flight, and the ability to generate energy blasts ) from a mystical scarab he found during a dig in Egypt, where it had been used to imprison an evil mummified Pharaoh.

Cornflowers were also used in the funeral wreath made for Pharaoh Tutankhamun.

** Pharaoh, used in Ancient Egypt to denote the High kings of the upper and lower kingdoms of the Nile river valley.

The cards are used in Season 5 to send the Pharaoh into a world made up of his own sealed memories, allowing him to experience memories that he had in the past and defeat the opponent he defeated in the past, the God of Darkness, Zorc.

Unusually for new-kingdom art the Pharaoh and his Great Royal Wife are depicted as approximately equal in size, which together with Nefertiti's image used to decorate the lesser Aten temple at Amarna may suggest she also had a prominent official role in Aten worship.