Philosophy conceived of as servant to the sciences might appear as less dramatic than philosophy which jeers as the sciences evolve.

Philosophy can prevent the working scientist from becoming slothful and self-content by noting the assumptions and level at which a hypothesis or theory is framed.

The result was the Concord School of Philosophy and Literature, which held its first session in 1879 in Alcott's study in the Orchard House.

The Concord School of Philosophy, which closed following Alcott's death in 1888, was reopened almost 90 years later in the 1970s.

One of Alan's most notable works was one he modeled after Boethius ’ Consolation of Philosophy, to which he gave the title De Planctu Naturae, or The Plaint of Nature, and which was written most likely in the late 1160 ’ s.

These arguments, and a discussion of the distinctions between absolute and relative time, space, place and motion, appear in a Scholium at the very beginning of Newton's work, The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy ( 1687 ), which established the foundations of classical mechanics and introduced his law of universal gravitation, which yielded the first quantitatively adequate dynamical explanation of planetary motion.

He uses the Latin " Cogito ergo sum " in the later Principles of Philosophy ( 1644 ), Part 1, article 7: "" At that time, the argument had become popularly known in the English speaking world as " the '' argument ", which is usually shortened to "" when referring to the principle virtually everywhere else.

At first he considered a career in law, but came to have, in his words, " an insurmountable aversion to everything but the pursuits of Philosophy and general Learning ; and while family fanceyed I was poring over Voet and Vinnius, Cicero and Virgil were the Authors which I was secretly devouring.

In " The Philosophy of Composition ", an essay in which Poe describes his method in writing " The Raven ", he claims to have strictly followed this method.

The term essentialist first appeared in the book An Introduction to the Philosophy of Education which was written by Michael John Demiashkevich.

The Philosophy Hall at Columbia University, which housed the basement laboratory where Armstrong developed FM radio.

He studied and later lectured at Heythrop College and, seeing the poor standard of philosophical teaching in seminaries, wrote an influential nine-volume History of Philosophy ( 1946 – 75 ), which is highly respected.

Francis Bacon's Philosophy is displayed in the vast and varied writings he left, which might be divided in three great branches:

The idea of demonology had remained strong in the Renaissance, and several demonological grimoires were published, including The Fourth Book of Occult Philosophy which falsely claimed to having been authored by Agrippa, and the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum, which listed sixty-nine different demons.

His most ambitious project is his projected six-volume Counter-history of Philosophy ," of which three have been published.

In his 1940 essay " Theses on the Philosophy of History ," scholar Walter Benjamin compares historical materialism to The Turk, an 18th Century device which was promoted as a mechanized automaton which could defeat skilled chess players but actually concealed a human who controlled the machine.

But Lippmann turned against what he called the " collectivism " of the Progressive movement he encouraged with its de-emphasis on the foundations of American politics and government and ultimately wrote a work, " The Public Philosophy " ( 1955 ), which came very close to a return to the principles of the American founders.

He also found time for philosophical speculations, and in 1830 he published his Inquiries concerning the Intellectual Powers of Man and the Investigation of Truth, which was followed in 1833 by a sequel, The Philosophy of the Moral Feelings.

Gödel then studied number theory, but when he took part in a seminar run by Moritz Schlick which studied Bertrand Russell's book Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy, he became interested in mathematical logic.

He was deeply engaged in writing his doctoral thesis, The Difference Between the Democritean and Epicurean Philosophy of Nature, which he finished in 1841.

Marx's contributions to the Jahrbücher include the Introduction to a Contribution to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right, which includes his famous description of religion as " the opiate of the people.

In 1977 he wanted to widen his knowledge away from science and obtained a BA from the Open University in Education and Philosophy.

He objected to teaching them, for instance, such subjects as Mathematics, Philosophy and Science, whereas the advanced party positively wanted to give their daughters and sisters what is generally regarded as high education.

* Law, Stephen ( 2005 ) Thinking Tools: The Relativist Fallacy, Think: Philosophy for everyone ( A journal of the Royal Institute of Philosophy ) 3: 57-58 y

Some of the epistemic basis for Steiner's later anthroposophical work is contained in the seminal work, Philosophy of Freedom.

: God in Search of Man: A Philosophy of Judaism is a companion volume to Man is Not Alone.

Consolation of Philosophy () is a philosophical work by Boethius, written around the year 524.

According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Mohist consequentialism, dating back to the 5th century BCE, is the " world's earliest form of consequentialism, a remarkably sophisticated version based on a plurality of intrinsic goods taken as constitutive of human welfare.

" How is Applied Philosophy to Be Applied?

" What is Applied About ' Applied ' Philosophy?

* What is Philosophy ?, Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari

The phrase Cogito ergo sum is not used in Descartes ' Meditations on First Philosophy but the term " the cogito " is ( often confusingly ) used to refer to an argument from it.

), Kant's Philosophy of Religion Re-examined ( Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991 ); an argument against Kant as deist is Stephen Palmquist's " Kant's Theistic Solution ".

He is currently the Co-director of the Center for Cognitive Studies, the Austin B. Fletcher Professor of Philosophy, and a University Professor at Tufts University.

As of January 2012, Dennett is the Austin B. Fletcher Professor of Philosophy, University Professor, and Co-Director of the Center for Cognitive Studies ( with Ray Jackendoff ) at Tufts University.

The most common is filosofian tohtori / filosofie doktor ( Doctor of Philosophy ), but more specializations are used than in English ( for example, tekniikan tohtori / teknologie doktor " Doctor of Science in Technology ").

", the usual abbreviation for " Doctor of Philosophy " is " PhD ".

Bertrand Russell is famous for distinguishing " knowledge by description " ( a form of knowledge that ) and " knowledge by acquaintance " in Problems of Philosophy.

Wouter J. Hanegraaff is Professor of “ History of Hermetic Philosophy and Related Currents ” at the University of Amsterdam ( 1999 ).

One form is equality of persons in right, sometimes referred to as natural rights, and John Locke is sometimes considered the founder of this form .< ref > Arneson Richard, " Egalitarianism ", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy ( 2002.

Karl Marx is considered a proponent of this form of egalitarianism .< ref > Arneson Richard, " Egalitarianism ", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy ( 2002.

Philosophy, Epictetus taught, is a way of life and not just a theoretical discipline.

" This concern runs through all of his works, from Psychoanalysis and Transversality ( a collection of articles from 1957 to 1972 ), through Years of Winter ( 1980 – 1986 ) and Schizoanalytic Cartographies ( 1989 ), to his collaboration with Deleuze, What is Philosophy?