Physicists can measure when they can find the operations by which they may meet the necessary criteria ; psychologists have but to do the same.

Physicists often discuss ideal test results that would occur in a perfect vacuum, which they sometimes simply call " vacuum " or free space, and use the term partial vacuum to refer to an actual imperfect vacuum as one might have in a laboratory or in space.

) Physicists have not found any natural process which would be predicted to form a wormhole naturally in the context of general relativity, although the quantum foam hypothesis is sometimes used to suggest that tiny wormholes might appear and disappear spontaneously at the Planck scale, and stable versions of such wormholes have been suggested as dark matter candidates.

Physicists have testified at United States Congressional hearings, however, that weapons with yields of 10 kilotons ( 42 TJ ) or less can produce a very large EMP.

Physicists often have a very precise mathematical theory describing how a system will behave.

The extant books have the traditional titles Against the Logicians ( books VII-VIII ), Against the Physicists ( books IX-X ), and Against the Ethicists ( book XI ).

Against the Mathematicians VII-XI is sometimes distinguished from Against the Mathematicians I-VI by giving it the title Against the Dogmatists ( in which case Against the Logicians are called books I-II, Against the Physicists are called books III-IV, and Against the Ethicists is called book V, despite the fact that it is commonly believed that the beginning of the work is missing and it is not known how many books might have preceded the extant books ).

Physicists such as Alain Aspect and Paul Kwiat have performed experiments that have found violations of these inequalities up to 242 standard deviations ( excellent scientific certainty ).

Physicists tend to have significantly less experience of statistical techniques, and thus lean on approaches based upon partial differential equations, and solutions to these based upon numerical analysis.

Physicists have argued over whether fractals can be used to authenticate the paintings.

Physicists have also developed other MRI-based techniques such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( for measuring some key metabolites such as N-acetylaspartate and lactate within the living brain ) and diffusion tensor imaging ( for mapping white matter tracts within the living brain ).

* Physicists at Brookhaven National Laboratory announce that they have created a newly discovered state of matter by smashing atoms in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider.

Physicists such as Stephen Hawking and Roger Penrose have suggested that universes both fork and combine, which could be visualized as more of a system of roads and pathways.

" Physicists attempt to reduce the complexity of nature to a single unifying theory, of which the most successful and universal, the quantum theory, has been associated with several Nobel prizes, for example those to Dirac and Heisenberg.

Physicists showed in the 1920s that in gas at extremely low densities, electrons can populate excited metastable energy levels in atoms and ions which at higher densities are rapidly de-excited by collisions.

Physicists who study the electrical properties of matter at the microscopic level use a closely related and more general vector equation, sometimes also referred to as Ohm's law, having variables that are closely related to the V, I, and R scalar variables of Ohm's law, but which are each functions of position within the conductor.

Such Medical Physicists are often found in the following healthcare specialties: Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology ( also known as Medical Imaging ), Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Oncology ( also known as Radiotherapy ).

Physicists showed in the 1920s that in gas at extremely low densities — even interstellar matter considered dense in an astronomical context is at high vacuum by laboratory standards — electrons can populate excited metastable energy levels in atoms and ions which at higher densities are rapidly de-excited by collisions.

Physicists are unable to demonstrate experimental and astrophysical constraints of zero probability of catastrophic events, nor that tomorrow Earth will be struck with a " doomsday " cosmic ray ( they can only calculate an upper limit for the likelihood ).

Certified Health Physicists are members of the American Academy of Health Physics ( AAHP ).

Physicists are now working on the detailed design of the accelerator.

However, the Risch algorithm applies only to indefinite integrals and most of the integrals of interest to Physicists, theoretical Chemists and Engineers, are definite integrals often related to Laplace transforms, Fourier transforms and Mellin transforms.

Physicists use theory to predict how time is measured.

Physicists had no convincing theory to explain this until Bohr and complementarity came along.

Physicists supporting de Broglie-Bohm theory maintain that underlying the observed probabilistic nature of the universe is a deterministic objective foundation / property — the hidden variable.

( Physicists know this as the Kinetic theory.

Physicists struggled with this problem, which later became known as the ultraviolet catastrophe, unsuccessfully for many years.

Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning all length scales: from sub-atomic particles of which all ordinary matter is made ( particle physics ) to the behavior of the material Universe as a whole ( cosmology ).

It hosts the International Summer School for Young Physicists every summer, which is a physics camp for high school students.

Also among his lost works is Against the Physicists, in which he questioned the legitimacy of making hypotheses.

In 1988, a TV movie The Physicists ( — Phisiki ) was created in the Lentelefilm studio ( Russia, in that time USSR ).

Physicists explain the behaviors of these particles and how they interact using the Standard Model — a widely accepted framework believed to explain most of the world we see around us.

Physicists tend to use the more classical definition of the term ( see Stark effect ), while chemists usually use the term to refer to what is technically electrochromism.

* Arfken, George B. and Hans J. Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicists, 6th edition ( Harcourt: San Diego, 2005 ).

An Advanced Treatment for Chemists and Physicists, North-Holland, Amsterdam.

Physicists assumed, morever, that like mechanical waves, light waves required a medium for propagation, and thus required Huygens's idea of an aether " gas " permeating all space.

Physicists working on the project adopted the name " barn " for a unit equal to 10 < sup >− 24 </ sup > square centimetres, about the size of a uranium nucleus.

* Arfken, G., " Mathematical Methods for Physicists ", 3rd ed.

Physicists Makoto Kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa shared the other half of the prize for discovering the origin of the explicit breaking of CP symmetry in the weak interactions.

Physicists often use a definition for the Laguerre polynomials that is larger,

* George B. Arfken and Hans J. Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicists, 6th edition, Elsevier Academic Press ( 2005 )

Mathematical Methods for Physicists.

* George B. Arfken and Hans J. Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicists, 4th edition, Academic Press: San Diego ( 1995 ) pp. 92 – 93

The International Summer School for Young Physicists ( ISSYP ) brings approximately 40 Canadian and international students aged 16 – 18 to Perimeter for two weeks each year.

* George B. Arfken and Hans J. Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicists ( Harcourt: San Diego, 2001 ).

* A Critical Role for Physicists in K – 12 Science Education Reform by David Hestenes and Jane Jackson

* George B. Arfken and Hans J. Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicists, 4th edition, Academic Press: San Diego ( 1995 ) pp. 92 – 93

* George B. Arfken and Hans J. Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicists International Edition, 6th edition, Academic Press: San Diego ( 2005 ) pp. 95 – 101

Physicists often use a definition for the Laguerre polynomials that is larger,