Polybius ( c. 203 – 120 BC ) wrote on the rise of Rome to world prominence, and attempted to harmonize the Greek and Roman points of view.

Other noteworthy and famous Greek historians include Plutarch ( 2nd century AD ), who wrote several biographies, the Parallel Lives, in which he wanted to assess the morality of its characters by comparing them in pairs, and Polybius ( 3nd century BC ), who developed Thucydides's method further, becoming one of the most objective historians of classical antiquity.

In addition, Polybius wrote an extensive treatise entitled Tactics, which may have detailed Roman and Greek military tactics.

Polybius exerted a great influence on Cicero as he wrote his politico-philosophical works in the 1st century BC.

As Polybius wrote, " the maniples were nearer each other, or the intervals were decreased ... and the maniples showed more depth than front.

Outstanding literary figures of the Hellenistic period were Menander, the chief representative of a newer type of comedy ; the poets Callimachus, Theocritus, and Apollonius Rhodius, author of the Argonautica ; and Polybius, who wrote a detailed history of the Mediterranean world.

Polybius wrote of Cotys's sober and gentle character being unlike that of most Thracians.

Polybius wrote that Hannibal calculated that he could draw out Flaminius into battle and that " no sooner had he left the neighbourhood of Faesulae, and, advancing a short way beyond the Roman camp, made a raid upon the neighbouring country, then Flaminius became excited, and enraged at the idea that he was despised by the enemy: and as the devastation of the country went on, and he saw from the smoke that rose in every direction that the work of destruction was proceeding, he could not patiently endure the sight.

Both Livy and Polybius wrote that Maharbal promised safe passage (" with a garment apiece ") if they surrendered their weapons and armour, but Hannibal had them sold into slavery irrespective of the promise made.

Polybius, a Greek historian, wrote about co-existence of the Celts in northern Italy with Etruscan nations in the period before the Sack of Rome in 390 B. C.

The famous Greek historian Polybius wrote that Rome used a wrecked Carthaginian quinquereme captured at Messina as a model for the entire fleet, and that the Romans would have otherwise had no basis for design.

During the Third Macedonian War ( 171 – 168 BC ), the League flirted with the idea of an alliance with Perseus, and the Romans punished it by taking several hostages to ensure good behavior, including Polybius, the Hellenistic historian who wrote about the rise of the Roman Republic.

When Polybius wrote of the account which was used by Strabo 7. 327, there were near the Mt Candavia sector of the Via Egnatia ' the lakes near Lychnidus with their own self-supporting factories for pickling fish '.

Even after the collapse, and idealization, of Sparta, Polybius wrote, " My object, then, in this digression is to make it manifest by actual facts that, for guarding their own country with absolute safety, and for preserving their own freedom, the legislation of Lycurgus was entirely sufficient ; and for those who are content with these objects we must concede that there neither exists nor ever has existed a constitution and civil order preferable to that of Sparta.

According to Aelianus Tacticus and Polybius, he wrote a number of treatises ( Hypomnemata ) on the subject.

Polybius wrote of Agron:

There were a number of theorists who wrote on political philosophy during this period such as Aristotle, Polybius, and Cicero, and their ideas became the essential core of classical republicanism.

At his public funeral, the historian Polybius carried the urn with Philopoemen's ashes and later wrote a biography and defended his memory in his Histories.

" Polybius wrote an evocative account of Gaulish tactics against a Roman army at the Battle of Telamon of 225 BC:

According to Polybius there had been several trade agreements between Rome and Carthage, even a mutual alliance against king Pyrrhus of Epirus.

After several skirmishes, in which Scipio and Laelius set fire to the Carthaginian camp Polybius.

" However, most of the essential features of the modern definition are present in the works of Plato, Aristotle, and Polybius.

Much of what is known of this century comes from the works of the Roman historian Polybius, whose main concern is the story of how Rome comes to dominate the known world.

The geographical works of Dicaearchus were, according to Strabo, criticised in many respects by Polybius ; and Strabo himself is dissatisfied with his descriptions of western and northern Europe, where Dicaearchus had never visited.

Identified authors on whose works he drew include Hecataeus of Abdera, Ctesias of Cnidus, Ephorus, Theopompus, Hieronymus of Cardia, Duris of Samos, Diyllus, Philistus, Timaeus, Polybius, and Posidonius.

He has a confused report on irrigation ( 3. 117 ), which may be compared to the statement of the second-century historian Polybius that the Persians had built large irrigation works ( World history 10. 28. 3 ).

# After the 70th year of the captivity, Cyrus was king of the Persians in the first year of the 55th Olympiad, as we find in the Library of Diodorus and the Histories of Thallus and Castor, and also in the works of Polybius and Phlegon, but also in those of others who concern themselves with Olympiads: they are all in agreement about the date.

Even from the most ancient times Roman camps were constructed according to a certain ideal pattern, formally described in two main sources, the De Metatione Castrorum or De Munitionibus Castrorum by either Hyginus Gromaticus or Pseudo-Hyginus and the works of Polybius.

Polybius gets its name from Polybius, the Greek historian who, among his other works, was known for his works in relation to cryptography and for developing the Polybius square.

The author claims to have consulted all the best authorities, the most important of which was a lost treatise on the subject by Polybius.

There was a fourth bureau for miscellaneous issues, which was put under Polybius until his execution for treason.

Polybius adds that Pytheas said he traversed the whole of Britain on foot, of which he, Polybius, is skeptical.

Polybius (; 200 – 118 BC ), Greek ) was a Greek historian of the Hellenistic Period noted for his work, The Histories, which covered the period of 220 – 146 BC in detail.

Polybius was born around 200 BC in Megalopolis, Arcadia, at which time was an active member of the Achaean League.

In either 169 BC or 170 BC, Polybius was elected hipparchus, or cavalry leader, election to which often presaged election to the annual strategia or post of chief general.

When the Achaean hostages were released in 150 BC, Polybius was granted leave to return home, but the next year he went on campaign with Scipio Aemilianus to Africa, and was present at the capture of Carthage, which he later described.

Polybius concludes the Romans are the pre-eminent power because they are a diverse society in which much of the public have a voice and contribute.

In Polybius ' time, the profession of a historian required political experience ( which aided in differentiating between fact and fiction ) and familiarity with the geography surrounding one's subject matter to supply an accurate version of events.

Modern historians are especially impressed with the manner in which Polybius used his sources, and in particular documents, his citation and quotation of his sources.

Peter Green suggests it would be well to remember Polybius was chronicling Rome's history for a Greek audience with the aim of convincing them of the necessity of accepting Roman rule – which he believed was inevitable.

However, Greek-influenced Roman authors, such as Polybius and Cicero, sometimes also used the term as a translation for the Greek politeia which could mean regime generally, but could also be applied to certain specific types of regime which did not exactly correspond to that of the Roman Republic.

As Polybius had narrated the events by which the Roman Empire had reached its greatness, so Zosimus undertook the task of developing the events and causes which led to its decline ( i. 57 ).

Though the decline of the Roman Empire was the main subject which Zosimus selected, it was perhaps his ambition to imitate Polybius which led him to introduce various matters connected with Persian, Grecian, and Macedonian history, which are not very intimately connected with his main design.

The study of these different institutions has been considerably renewed thanks to epigraphy, which has given us the possibility to reread the indications given us by ancient literary sources such as Livy and Polybius.

Polybius gives as an image of society within an Illyrian kingdom as peasant infantry fought under aristocrats which he calls in Greek Polydynastae ( Greek: Πολυδυνάστες ) where each one controlled a town within the kingdom.

Polybius noted that it was the consuls ( the highest-ranking of the regular magistrates ) who led the armies and the civil government in Rome, and it was the Roman assemblies which had the ultimate authority over elections, legislation, and criminal trials.