In the case of Portugal, which a few weeks ago was rumored ready to walk out of the NATO Council should critics of its Angola policy prove harsh, there has been a noticeable relaxation of tension.

By 1850, Luanda was one of the greatest and most developed Portuguese cities in the vast Portuguese Empire outside Mainland Portugal, full of trading companies, exporting ( together with Benguela ) palm and peanut oil, wax, copal, timber, ivory, cotton, coffee, and cocoa, among many other products.

Angola's war for independence did not end in a military victory for either side, but was suspended as a result of a coup in Portugal that replaced the Caetano regime.

In 1138, Ali ibn Yusuf was defeated by Alfonso VII of León, and in the Battle of Ourique ( 1139 ), by Afonso I of Portugal, who thereby won his crown.

Afonso I ( 25 June 1109, Guimarães or Viseu – 6 December 1185, Coimbra ), more commonly known as Afonso Henriques (), nicknamed " the Conqueror " (), " the Founder " () or " the Great " () by the Portuguese, and El-Bortukali (" the Portuguese ") and Ibn-Arrik (" son of Henry ", " Henriques ") by the Moors whom he fought, was the first King of Portugal.

Thus the possibility of re-incorporating Portugal ( up to then Southern Galicia ) into a Kingdom of Portugal and Galicia as before was eliminated and Afonso became sole ruler ( Duke of Portugal ) after demands for independence from the county's church and nobles.

Finally, in 1143, the Treaty of Zamora established peace between the cousins and the recognition by the Kingdom of León that Portugal was a sovereign kingdom.

Portugal was obliged to surrender as his ransom almost all the conquests Afonso had made in Galicia ( north of the Minho ) in the previous years.

With this papal blessing, Portugal was at last secured as a kingdom.

In July 2006, the tomb of the king ( which is located in the Santa Cruz Monastery in Coimbra ) was to be opened for scientific purposes by researchers from the University of Coimbra ( Portugal ), and the University of Granada ( Spain ).

Afonso II (; English Alphonzo ), or Affonso ( Archaic Portuguese ), Alfonso or Alphonso ( Portuguese-Galician ) or Alphonsus ( Latin version ), nicknamed " the Fat " ( Portuguese o Gordo ), King of Portugal, was born in Coimbra on 23 April 1185 and died on 25 March 1223 in the same city.

He was the second but eldest surviving son of Sancho I of Portugal by his wife, Dulce, Infanta of Aragon.

o Bolonhês ), King of Portugal ( 5 May 1210 in Coimbra – 16 February 1279 in Alcobaça, Coimbra or Lisbon ) was the first to use the title King of Portugal and the Algarve, from 1249.

He was the second son of King Afonso II of Portugal and his wife, Urraca of Castile ; he succeeded his brother, King Sancho II of Portugal, who was removed from the throne on 4 January 1248.

As the second son of King Afonso II of Portugal, Afonso was not expected to inherit the throne, which was destined to go to his elder brother Sancho.

Finally, in 1267, a treaty was signed in Badajoz, determining that the southern border between Castile and Portugal should be the River Guadiana, as it is today.

Afonso IV (; 8 February 1291 – 28 May 1357 ), called the Brave (), was King of Portugal and the Algarve from 1325 until his death.

He was the only legitimate son of King Denis of Portugal by his wife Elizabeth of Aragon.

Just as important, Thompson was, with Ken Coates, Mary Kaldor and others, an author of the 1980 Appeal for European Nuclear Disarmament, calling for a nuclear-free Europe from Poland to Portugal, which was the founding document of European Nuclear Disarmament.

This ensured for the first time that all the realms of the Iberian peninsula ( save for Portugal ) would be united by one monarch under one nascent Spanish crown, with the founding territories retaining their separate governance codes and laws.

Portugal is a founding member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO ), the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development ( OECD ), and the European Free Trade Association ( EFTA ).

Portugal, during this period, was never an outcast, and was a founding member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO ), the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development ( OECD ) and the European Free Trade Association ( EFTA ).

Portugal is a European Union member state and a founding member of NATO.

Portugal was a founding member of NATO ; it is an active member of the alliance by, for example, contributing proportionally large contingents in Balkan peacekeeping forces.

In Portugal, Afonso I of Portugal ( then Afonso Henriques, Count of Portugal ) declared himself King in 1139, continuing the Reconquista, thus founding both the Portuguese monarchy and the modern country of Portugal.

Portugal had been one of the founding members of EFTA ( European Free Trade Association ) in 1960.

To celebrate his victory and acknowledge divine help, John I of Portugal ordered the construction of the monastery of Santa Maria da Vitória na Batalha and the founding of the town of Batalha ( Portuguese for " battle ", ).

Sancho of Portugal is linked to the founding of this settlement in 1200, although he left its administration to Count Mendonça de Peas Rofinho, to which the village became known.

On 1 July of the same year, it was suggested by António Félix da Costa Júnior that the club adopt the name Sporting Clube de Portugal, and this name was eventually adopted in July 1920 by the General Assembly of the Club, with 1 July 1906 declared as Sporting's official founding date.

A couple of years later, he returned to Bahia and aided Tomé de Sousa in founding Salvador and creating the first General-Government of the Brazilian colony, by the request of King João III of Portugal.

Portugal was a founding member of NATO, and, although it had scarce forces, it played a key role in the European approaches.

His contributions to the parish, include: founding member of the Núcleo Cultural da Horta (); founded the Casa dos Rapazes () in 1955, which functioned until 1971, while at the same time helping to organize the Corpo Nacional de Escutas () local chapter 171 ; in 1956 he helped to organize the Grupo Coral da Igreja das Angústias (), today known as the Grupo Coral Mater Dei ; in 1957 he also began teaching in Horta's lyceum ( high school ), which he continued to do in various disciplines until 1977 ; in 1960 he founded Conferencia Vicentina () in order to assist construction projects in the parish, and to support the parish kitchens ( which served 120 meals daily until 1974 ); in 1963, he organized the third company of the Associação Guias de Portugal (), while also founding the Instituo Açoriano de Cultura (); he also helped to inaugurate the Museu de Arte Sacra da Horta () in 1965 and was a co-founder of the Academia Mariana dos Açores () in 1990.

After World War II, Portugal was one of the founding nations of NATO contributing with a fleet of three submarines, seven frigates, four patrol boats, 16 mine-sweepers, four mine-hunters and three survey vessels.

This ancient town, older than the founding of Portugal, owes its name to the abundance of vineyards that covered the slopes and produced excellent wine.

A decisive moment in the history of volleyball ’ s first 100 years was certainly that of the founding of the FIVB ( Federation Internationale de Volleyball ) when in April 1947 representatives of 14 countries ( Belgium, Brazil, Czechoslovakia, Egypt, France, Netherlands, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Uruguay, USA and Yugoslavia ) met in Paris under the leadership of France ’ s Paul Libaud to found the FIVB.

The founding members are the Netherlands ( FNJE ), Portugal ( JEP ), Italy ( CIJE ), Switzerland ( USJE ) and France ( CNJE ).

Party of the United Struggle for Africans in Angola ( in Portuguese: Partido da Luta Unida dos Africanos de Angola ; abbreviated: PLUA ) is the first political party in Angola to advocate Angolan independence from Portugal, campaigning from its founding in 1953 until it merged with the Angolan Communist Party ( PCA ) to form the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola in December 1956.

The Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities, which proclaims itself the champion of Hispanic success in higher education, has member institutions in the U. S., Puerto Rico, Latin America, Spain, and Portugal.

Mozambique was a Portuguese colony, overseas province and later a member state of Portugal.

Similarly, in 1975, war broke out in Angola after the country gained independence from Portugal, Nigeria, a member of the English Commonwealth of Nations, mobilized its diplomatic influence in Africa in support of the MPLA.

He is a member of the European People's Party ( EPP ) and is the former Prime Minister of Portugal.

In 1775 he was appointed physician to Birmingham General Hospital ( at the suggestion of Erasmus Darwin, a physician and founder member of the Lunar Society ), but in 1783 he diagnosed himself as having pulmonary tuberculosis and went twice to Portugal hoping the better winter climate would improve his health ; it didn't.

However, with the risk of a default in Greece, Ireland, Portugal and other members in late 2009-10, eurozone leaders agreed to provisions for loans to member states who could not raise funds.

With the exception of two portraits of Isabella of Portugal, which van Eyck painted at Philip's behest as a member of a 1428-9 delegation to seek her hand.

From 1969 until 1981, apart from periods of practical training ( 1974 – 1976 ) in East Timor and in Macau, he was in Portugal and Rome where, having become a member of the Salesian Society, he studied philosophy and theology before being ordained a priest in 1980.

Spain's objections were fully supported by almost all European Union member states, with the exception of France and Portugal ( whose government issued a statement regretting the incident ).

Due to his scientific publications Ivo Lah became a correspondent of member of several international institutions from Portugal, Switzerland, Belgium, Italy, Germany and France.

Due to delays in the SIS II deployment, which was available in mid-2008, Portugal offered a modified version of its SIS 1 + system to new member states.

This was the first marriage of a member of the Portuguese royal family to take place in Portugal since the marriage of King Carlos I in 1886.

* In Portugal, Minister of State ( Ministro de Estado ) is a member of the Council of Ministers who holds a more distinct position within the cabinet, roughly equivalent to Deputy Prime Minister.

The Methuen treaty was negotiated by John Methuen ( c. 1650-1706 ) who served as a member of Parliament, Lord Chancellor of Ireland, Privy Councilor, envoy and then ambassador extraordinary to Portugal where he negotiated the " Methuen " Treaty of 1703 ; the Treaty cemented allegiances in the War of Spanish Succession.

Since its establishment, more member states have joined through a series of accession treaties, from the UK, Ireland, Denmark and Norway in 1972 ( though Norway did not end up joining ), Greece in 1979, Spain and Portugal 1985, Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden in 1994 ( though again Norway failed to join, because of lack of support in the referendum ), the Czech Republic, Cyprus, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia in 2004, and Romania and Bulgaria in 2007.

While Eurotra never delivered a " working " MT system, the project made a far-reaching long-term impact on the nascent language industries in European member states, in particular among the southern countries of Greece, Italy, Spain, and Portugal.

ICES today has 20 member nations including the eight original members plus twelve additional nations: Belgium, Canada, Estonia, France, Iceland, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and the United States.

David Humphreys ( July 10, 1752 – February 21, 1818 ) was an American Revolutionary War colonel and aide de camp to George Washington, American minister to Portugal and then to Spain, entrepreneur who brought Merino sheep to America and member of the Connecticut state legislature.