Previous to the 1960 change, the ' Improved Lunar Ephemeris ' had already been made available in terms of ephemeris time for the years 1952-1959 ( computed by W J Eckert from Brown's theory with modifications recommended by Clemence ( 1948 )).

Previous attempts to replace the consumer society as derived from capitalism with a non-consumerist society failed and in the mid-1930s permitted a consumer society, a major change from traditional Marxism's anti-market and anti-consumerist theories.

Previous observations change substantially if we also consider professional grand slam majors, which were played on three different surfaces ( clay, grass and wood / parquet ), and wherein Laver, like Rosewall, excelled.

Previous classifications placed in this genus a number of other well-known species that have now been removed to genus Vigna, sometimes necessitating a change of species name.

Previous to the change of marketing philosophy and the introduction of the branding " Innovia Metro ", ART ( as it was then called ) and similar technologies were sometimes referred to as " light rail ", especially in Asia.

Previous 12 volt locomotives were not compatible with the new system without modification, due to the change in voltage and means of powering the motor, although it was possible to retrofit them with 9 volt motors.

* Previous notice ( parliamentary procedure )

Previous editions of the IRC, the " Beijing " model and all subsequent versions, bear an expiration date.

Previous logic had dealt with the logical constants and, or, if ... then ..., not, and some and all, but iterations of these operations, especially " some " and " all ", were little understood: even the distinction between a pair of sentences like " every boy loves some girl " and " some girl is loved by every boy " was able to be represented only very artificially, whereas Frege's formalism had no difficulty expressing the different readings of " every boy loves some girl who loves some boy who loves some girl " and similar sentences, in complete parallel with his treatment of, say, " every boy is foolish ".

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Previous to this invention shotguns and sporting rifles were loaded by means of powder flasks and shot flasks, bullets, wads and copper caps, all carried separately.

Previous events that were termed ' gaudies ' are now more often called ' feasts ' ( by the college ) or ' mega-formals ' ( by the JCR ): these are all black-tie and gowned affairs that occur several times a term to mark major feasts and special events.

It is this fundamental modularity of the system combined with its step-by-step ( hence the alternative name ) selection process and an almost unlimited potential for expansion that gives the Strowger system its technical advantage: Previous systems had all been designed for a fixed number of subscribers to be switched directly to each other in a mesh arrangement.

Previous to the first of the Firmans the property of all persons banished or condemned to death was forfeited to the crown ; and a sordid motive for acts of cruelty was thus kept in perpetual operation, besides the encouragement of a host of vile Delators.

Previous history of recurrence, environmental exposure to tobacco smoke, use of daycare, and lack of breastfeeding have all been associated with increased risk of OM development, recurrence, and persistent MEE.

Previous productions of the play in English with sound had all been made for television.

Using the Previous Sequence Numbers it is for example possible to traverse to log file in reverse order and undo all the actions of a specific transaction in case it aborts.

Previous leader Jim Harris was first elected to the office with over 80 % of the vote and the support of the leaders of all of the provincial level Green parties.

Previous to this there was an intermediate tier, the non-metropolitan district of Castle Morpeth, which has been abolished along with all other districts in the county.

Previous algorithms had been developed for centuries but achieved three of these properties at most, but not all four.

" Previous to Saichō, all monastic ordinations took place at Tōdai-ji temple under the ancient Vinaya code, but Saichō intended to found his school as a strictly Mahayana institution and ordain monks using the Bodhisattva Vows only.

Previous to 1998 membership of Students ' Associations was compulsory at all public Tertiary Education providers ( universities, polytechnics and colleges of education ).

Previous seasons of Buffy the Vampire Slayer had ended with an action episode which tied up all the threads of the season's main plot line, but series creator Joss Whedon wanted to end season four differently.

Previous captains had all been professionals: Roger Iddison ( 1863 – 72 ), Joseph Rowbotham ( 1873 and 1875 ), Luke Greenwood ( 1874 ), Ephraim Lockwood ( 1876 – 77 ) and Tom Emmett ( 1878 – 82 ).

Previous versions were compatible with Microsoft SQL Server, Pervasive PSQL, Btrieve, and earlier versions also used C-tree, although after the buyout all new versions switched entirely to Microsoft SQL Server databases.

Previous economic assets included slate quarrying near Sealyham, roadstone quarrying in Treffgarne gorge and a village post office, all of which have ceased operating.

Previous railways are all defunct, but due to serious road traffic congestion a new Rapid Rail system was proposed for 2008.

Previous to those discoveries, all interest centered in what is known as the " Old Cave ".

Previous proposals such as IntServ, DiffServ, and IP multicast have not seen wide acceptance largely because they require modification of all routers in the network.

Previous to the first of the Firmans the property of all persons banished or condemned to death was forfeited to the crown ; and a sordid motive for acts of cruelty was thus kept in perpetual operation, besides the encouragement of a host of vile Delators.

Previous publications include Prism, which featured news, reviews and columns, Dark Horizons, which featured fiction, non-fiction and poetry, and enjoyed the patronage of many established authors, artists, critics and journalists, and New Horizons, issued twice a year from 2008 to 2010, which published fiction and articles, but not poetry.

Previous flights were gliders ( control but no power ) or free flight ( power but no control ), but the Wright brothers combined both, setting the new standard in aviation records.

Previous generations of CPUs were implemented as discrete components and numerous small integrated circuits ( ICs ) on one or more circuit boards.

Previous schemes for color television systems, which were incompatible with existing monochrome receivers, transmitted RGB signals in various ways.

Previous editions of War and Remembrance, The Bloodstone Hunt, Operation Rebirth, Man Without a Country, and To Serve and Protect were released prior to new 2010 editions leading up to the Captain America: The First Avenger feature film.

Previous events were held in the Market Square Arena or the RCA Dome, but given the new stadium built for the Indianapolis Colts, Lucas Oil Stadium began hosting Final Four events in 2010.

Previous releases were identified only by the release number prefixed by " 4D1 -", e. g. " 4D1-2. 2 ".

Previous attempts by the U. S. Military to replace the M16 were unsuccessful or only supplemented it.

Previous head designs were needle-shaped and tended to shred the tape.

Previous kinds of conflict were demoted to criminal activities without legitimacy and not worthy of the label " war.

Previous newsreaders, such as readnews, were mostly line-oriented and designed for use on the printing terminals which were common on the early Unix minicomputers where the Usenet software and network originated.

Previous algorithms cast rays from the eye into the scene until they hit an object, but the rays were traced no further.

Previous uses were for the making of tetraethyllead and titanium metal ; because applications for these chemicals were discontinued, the production of sodium declined after 1970.

Previous attempts by Valve Software with the Half-Life series, Ritual Entertainment with SiN Episodes and Telltale Games themselves with Bone were for a variety of reasons not considered successful implementations of the distribution model.

Previous governors were appointed by the President of the United States.

Previous studies, which were focused mainly on lions from eastern and southern parts of Africa, already showed these can be possibly divided in two main clades: one to the west of the Great Rift Valley and the other to the east.

Previous telegraph lines were overland or shorter, hence had less delay and the need for extra inductance was not so great.

Previous place name lists were derived from systems ( usually mapping and GIS systems ) that could not handle macrons.

* Previous DTM ( 1984 – 1994 ) then turned to ITCC by fia in 1995, based in heavily modifield cars, began to be too expensive and due to retilrement from Opel and Alfa Romeo the ITCC series were cancelled in 1996.

Previous votes against a contestant were discounted in subsequent Tribal Councils.

Previous explanations of the prokaryotic circadian timekeeper were dependent upon a DNA transcription / translation feedback mechanism.

Previous abbreviations for the virus were EBOV-Z ( for Ebola virus Zaire ) and most recently ZEBOV ( for Zaire Ebola virus or Zaire ebolavirus ).