Prior to 1877, the name was spelled Frederiksstad, then from 1877 – 1888 it was written as Fredriksstad, and finally since 1889 it has been spelled in its current form: Fredrikstad.

Prior to the 1888 Republican National Convention, federal judge Walter Q. Gresham sought Fairbanks's help in seeking the nomination for U. S. President.

In 1888, Prior won a seat in the Canadian House of Commons as a Conservative.

Prior to Parker's investigation of lunar dates the 12th dynasty was placed as 213 years of 2007-1794 BC perceiving the date as July 21 of 1888 BC as the 120th year, and then as 2003-1790 BC perceiving the date as July 20 of 1884 BC as the 120th year.

Prior to 1888, members of the 1st Council of the Northwest Territories were elected in by-elections to supplement members appointed by the Government of Canada.

Prior to 1931, as soon as the first necessary run to win the game scored, the play was over, and the batter was credited only with the number of bases needed to drive in the winning run.

Prior to the passage of the United States Constitution, several States passed their own various copyright laws between 1783 and 1787, the first state being Connecticut.

* Prior to her first record deal, British singer-songwriter Kate Bush recorded at least thirty officially-unreleased but much-bootlegged demos of original material, circa 1972.

Prior to the end of the slave trade and widespread abolition, when indigenous labour was unavailable, slaves were often imported to the Americas, first by the Spanish Empire, and later by the Dutch, French and British.

Prior, whose authority is great in the origin of popular names, says " It seems probably that the name was in the first place, foxes ' glew, or music, in reference to the favourite instrument of an earlier time, a ring of bells hung on an arched support, the tintinnabulum "... we cannot quite agree with Dr.

Prior for it seems quite probable that the shape of the flowers suggested the idea of a glove, and that associated with the name of the botanist Fuchs, who first gave it a botanical name, may have been easily corrupted into foxglove.

Prior to the start of the Civil War, Governor Samuel J. Kirkwood declared Davenport to be Iowa's first military headquarters and five camps were set up in the city to aid the Union.

Prior to the introduction of the ubiquitous fax machine, one of the first being the Exxon Qwip in the mid-1970s, facsimile machines worked by optical scanning of a document or drawing spinning on a drum.

Prior to this, they were not limited as to how many terms they could serve ; John Engler, the governor at the time, served three terms as his first term occurred prior to the restriction.

Prior to the rise of Kizzuwatna, the heart of that territory in Cilicia was first referred to by the Hittites as Adaniya.

Prior to the start of the Great Depression, Hoover's first Treasury Secretary, Andrew Mellon, had proposed and seen enacted, numerous tax cuts, which cut the top income tax rate from 73 % to 24 % ( under Presidents Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge ).

Prior to 1820, the bark was first dried, ground to a fine powder, and then mixed into a liquid ( commonly wine ) which was then drunk.

Prior to v3. 0, Firefox Mobile 4. 0b2 ( beta ) for Android was the first browser running under Android to support SVG by default.

Prior to this, Canada had relied on British diplomats who owed their first loyalty to London.

Prior to the first X-ray diffraction experiments, the spacings between lattice planes in a crystal were not known with certainty.

Prior to the release of HP-UX version 11. 11, HP used a decimal version numbering scheme with the first number giving the major release and the number following the decimal showing the minor release.

Prior to the mid 1990s, WNV disease occurred only sporadically and was considered a minor risk for humans, until an outbreak in Algeria in 1994, with cases of WNV-caused encephalitis, and the first large outbreak in Romania in 1996, with a high number of cases with neuroinvasive disease.

The first known definition in the West is by Aristotle around 350 BC, in his book Prior Analytics, where he classified it as a material fallacy.

Prior to the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Boris Yeltsin had been elected President of Russia in June 1991 in the first direct presidential election in Russian history.

The Prior Analytics contains his exposition of the " syllogistic ", where three important principles are applied for the first time in history: the use of variables, a purely formal treatment, and the use of an axiomatic system.

Prior to the first act, an induction frames the play as a " kind of history " played in front of a befuddled drunkard named Christopher Sly who is tricked into believing that he is a lord.

Prior to the release of the first film, she was noted for her Seven Gothic Tales, for which she is also known in Denmark.

Prior to his first visitation date with Zackary, an unknown assailant shot Gilbride dead by automatic weapon fire as he sat in his car shortly after midnight on September 27 while parked outside his home in an execution-style slaying.

Prior to the featured race, the stewards announced that apprentice James P. Verrone is suspended ten days for crowding horses and crossing the field sharply in two races on Wednesday.

Prior to meeting Mallowan, Christie had not had any extensive brushes with archaeology, but once the two married they made sure to only go to sites where they could work together.

Prior to the Normandy landings on D-Day in June 1944, the Allies knew the locations of all but two of the 58 German divisions on the Western front.

Prior movements had all originated in cities which were home to at least two teams.

Prior to the season, Frank Robison, the Spiders owner, bought the St. Louis Browns, thus owning two clubs at the same time.

Prior to the 1899 season, Frank Robison, the Spiders owner, bought the St. Louis Browns, thus owning two clubs simultaneously.

Prior Diego died, after two years in the mission field, on his return trip to Spain.

Prior to his departure, Oxford entered into two indentures.

Prior to Parsons ' departure from The Byrds, he had accompanied the two Rolling Stones to Stonehenge ( along with McGuinn and Hillman ) in the English county of Wiltshire, where Richards had a house near the ancient site.

Prior to the 386, the difficulty of manufacturing microchips and the uncertainty of reliable supply made it desirable that any mass-market semiconductor be multi-sourced, that is, made by two or more manufacturers, the second and subsequent companies manufacturing under license from the originating company.

Prior to the meiosis process the cell's chromosomes are duplicated by a round of DNA replication, creating from the maternal and paternal versions of each chromosome ( homologs ) two exact copies, sister chromatids, attached at the centromere region.

Prior to the December 1984 coup that brought Taya to power, the Mauritanian-Moroccan cooperation agency stated that relations between the two countries were on the mend in spite of alleged Moroccan complicity in a 1981 coup attempt and Mauritania's subsequent turn toward Algeria.

Prior to Stephen's alliance with Pepin, Rome had constituted the central city of the Duchy of Rome, which composed one of two districts within the Exarchate of Ravenna, along with Ravenna itself.

Prior to version 3. 0, Python had two kinds of classes: " old-style " and " new-style ".

Prior to the 1999 season, Clemens was traded to the New York Yankees where he won his only two World Series titles.

But two plays later, Packers defensive back Mike Prior intercepted a long pass that was intended for wide receiver Shawn Jefferson, and returned it 8 yards to the Green Bay 26-yard line.

Prior to the development of SLR, all cameras with viewfinders had two optical light paths: one path through the lens to the film, and another path positioned above ( TLR or twin-lens reflex ) or to the side ( rangefinder ).

Prior to 2012, the two losers of the knock-out rounds would race for the Bronze Medal ; this change was instituted to encourage performance from all qualifying teams since all would have a chance to race for a medal depending on their performance.

Prior to the " turn around ", each party regards the other party's clock to be recording time differently than his own, but the noted difference is symmetrical between the two parties.

Prior to the construction of a dam at the resurgence to feed water to the paper mill downstream, two more chambers ( the Fourth and Fifth ) were accessible.

Prior to signing the accords, Arafat — as Chairman of the PLO and its official representative — signed two letters renouncing violence and officially recognizing Israel.

Prior to his death, Lee told his then only two living instructors Kimura and Inosanto ( James Yimm Lee had died in 1972 ) to dismantle his schools.

( Prior to 2003, this was two rounds ; prior to 2001, it was three.

Prior to 2005, after the top two cars were set, the top 14 cars in the qualifying races advanced to the field, and then between six ( 1998 – 2003 ), eight ( 1995 – 97, 2004 ), or ten ( until 1994 ) fastest cars which did not advance from the qualifying race were added, and, since 1976, between one and seven cars were added by previous year's points performance and or championship, except for 1985, when no such car was eligible for a provisional starting spot, the only time that happened in the Daytona 500 from when the provisional was added in 1976 through 2004.

Prior to 2008, this event encompassed two jumps from the ski jumping normal hill, and 15 km cross country skiing.