Prior to the Normandy landings on D-Day in June 1944, the Allies knew the locations of all but two of the 58 German divisions on the Western front.

Prior to the invasion of neutral Belgium by German forces, Hergé published humoristic drawings in L ' Ouest, a paper run by future collaborator Raymond de Becker and which strongly advocated that Belgium not join the war alongside its World War One allies France and Britain.

Prior to the outbreak of World War I in 1914 detachable black or white plumes were worn with the pickehaube in full dress by German generals, staff officers, dragoon regiments, infantry of the Prussian Guard and a number of line infantry regiments as a special distinction.

Prior to the German invasion, in order to accomplish its own goals, the NKVD was prepared to cooperate even with such organizations as the German Gestapo.

Prior to the wedding, on 24 November 1936, Prince Bernhard was granted Dutch citizenship and changed the spelling of his names from German to Dutch.

* Prior to the 1972 release of Fritz the Cat, Austrian journalist Georg Stefan Troller ( see German Wikipedia ) interviewed Crumb for a 30-minute documentary entitled Comics und Katerideen on Crumb's life and art, as an episode of Troller's Personenbeschreibung (" Personality account ") documentary format broadcast on German ZDF.

Prior to the German campaign in France in 1940 Count Ciano leaked a warning of imminent invasion to neutral Belgium.

Prior to this, the Brothers Grimm had taught here and compiled the first German Dictionary.

Prior to the war, Lufthansa and the German aircraft industry invested heavily in the development of commercial aviation and various systems and methodologies that would improve its safety and reliability.

Prior to Haig's offensives at Ypres and Aubers Ridge in April and May, Trenchard's camera crews flew reconnaissance sorties over the German lines.

Prior to the appearance of the article by Nellen, the sole serious candidate had been the German Lutheran theologian Peter Meiderlin ( also known as Rupertus Meldenius ), who, in his Paraenesis votiva pro pace ecclesiae ad theologos Augustanae of 1626 had said, " Verbo dicam: Si nos servaremus in necesariis Unitatem, in non-necessariis Libertatem, in utrisque Charitatem, optimo certe loco essent res nostrae.

Prior to the German attack on the Soviet Union, he sent information about German troop transfers from other fronts for Operation Barbarossa through a Soviet military attaché in Vichy France.

Prior to publication, the book was extensively rewritten by its editor, Wilhelm Roggersdorf ( a pen name of the German screenwriter Wilhelm " Utz " Utermann ).

Prior to the advent of the American School, the scope of Comparative Literature in the West was typically limited to the literatures of Western Europe and Anglo-America, predominantly literature in English, German and French literature, with occasional forays into Italian literature ( primarily for Dante ) and Spanish literature ( primarily for Cervantes ).

Prior to the end of the Second World War the city was German and known as Hirschberg.

Prior to the German invasion, British forces had considered Narvik as a possible landing point for an expedition to help Finland in the Winter War.

Prior to his appointment as Chancellor, he had served in a number of other positions, including as Prime Minister of Bavaria ( 1866 – 1870 ), German Ambassador to Paris ( 1873 – 1880 ), Foreign Secretary ( 1880 ) and Imperial Lieutenant of Alsace-Lorraine ( 1885 – 1894 ).

Prior the proclamation of an East German state, the Soviets established in 1948 the German Economic Commission ( DWK ) as a de facto government in their occupation zone.

Prior to Sicily, Allied plans envisioned crossing the Strait of Messina, a limited invasion in the " instep " area ( Taranto ), and advancing up the toe of Italy, anticipating a defense by both German and Italian forces.

Prior to the attack at 07: 28 a large mine was exploded beneath the German line ; the Chums would then attack at 07: 30.

Prior to the reunification of Germany, many surviving Gründerzeit buildings were left uninhabited and, after years of degradation, waiting for demolition.

Prior to the reunification of the city, the Land Use Plan of 1988 and General Development Plan of 1980 defined the spatial planning criteria for West and East Berlin, respectively.

Prior to the reunification of the two factions in 1963, the International Secretariat's best-known leader in Latin America, J. Posadas, left to form his own Fourth International ( Posadist ).

Prior to the 1990s, the ROC had been a one-party authoritarian state committed to eventual reunification with mainland China.

Prior to the German reunification in 1990, the two German states had different forms for the Ampelmännchen, with a generic human figure in West Germany, and a generally male figure wearing a hat in the east.

Prior to the 1990s, the ROC had been a one-party authoritarian state committed to eventual reunification with mainland China.

Prior to 1990 Saudi Arabia played an important role in restraining the many Islamist groups that received its aid.

Prior to 1990, the only specialty performing laparoscopy on a widespread basis was gynecology, mostly for relatively short, simple procedures such as a diagnostic laparoscopy or tubal ligation.

Prior to 1990, all professors were appointed for life to their chairs by the King-in-Council, i. e. by the King upon the advice of the Cabinet.

Prior to the Gulf War in 1990 – 91, when the Intifada's intensity began to wear down, Arafat supported Saddam Hussein's invasion of Kuwait and opposed the US-led coalition attack on Iraq.

Prior to restoration work performed between 1990 and 2001, the tower leaned at an angle of 5. 5 degrees, but the tower now leans at about 3. 99 degrees.

Prior to Aristide's election in 1990, there were just 34 secondary schools nationwide.

), STL ( Fribourg ), LSS ( Biblical Commission ) ( Master of St Benet ’ s Hall 1990 — 2004 ; Titular Cathedral Prior of Norwich 2004 — 9 ; Titular Cathedral Prior of Durham )

Prior to the first game of the 1990 Major League Baseball season, played at Fenway Park, Toni Giamatti threw out the ceremonial first pitch.

Prior to 1990, the only Disney-published Disney comics were the ones published in Italy, after Disney Italia took over from Mondadori in 1988.

Prior to the opening of the Team Disney Burbank building in 1990, Disney executives were located in the old Disney Animation Building.

Prior to the opening of the Team Disney Burbank building in 1990, Disney Executives used the Animation Building as corporate offices.

Prior to the 2007 elections, the Party had only ever elected one councillor at local level: in May 1990, Roger ( aka Rory ) Winter, representing the Highland Green Party ( Uainich na Gàidhealtachd ), was elected in Nairn as Scotland's first Green regional councillor to the then Highland Regional Council.

Prior to Friends, she appeared in at least two produced network pilots: NBC's Just Temporary ( also known as Temporarily Yours ) in 1989, playing Nicole ; and CBS ' Close Encounters ( also known as Matchmaker ) in 1990, playing a Valley girl.

Prior to 1990, all professors were appointed for life to their chairs by the King-in-Council, i. e. by the King upon the advice of the Cabinet.

Prior to the Minnesota Thunder forming in 1990 Minnesota had two former professional soccer teams.

Prior to 1990, the responsibilities of the Industry, Science and Technology portfolio were divided between the now-defunct post of Minister of Regional Industrial Expansion and a Minister of State for Science and Technology.

Prior to the construction of METRORail, METRO consisted of the largest all bus fleet in the United States, only because Houston was the largest major city devoid of any rail transit since 1990.

Prior to 1990, late night service went to Lefferts Boulevard with no service to Far Rockaway.

Prior to the introduction of electronic trading on 1 June 1990, all trading was conducted on the floor of the Stockholm Stock Exchange Building.

Prior to 1990 this region was part of NAACURH.

Prior to 1990, this area was part of NAACURH.

Prior to the 1993 – 94 academic year, Jacksonville State competed in NCAA Division II athletics, winning national championships in men's basketball ( 1985 ), baseball ( 1990 and 1991 ), football ( 1992 ) and gymnastics ( 1984 and 1985 ).

Prior to revisions in 1990, the LDS Church's version of the endowment also included a gesture called a " penalty.