Prior to his election as abbot, Hsin Pei was in charge of discipline action at Fo Guang Shan's main Bei Hai Buddhist College, as well as administration at the Male Buddhist University at the main monastery in Kao Hsiung County in southern Taiwan.

Prior to the creation of the group management board in 2006, HSBC's chairman essentially held the duties of a chief executive at an equivalent institution, while HSBC's chief executive served as the deputy.

Prior to the passage of the Telecommunications Act of 2007, the state-owned Liberia Telecommunications Corporation ( LIBTELCO ) held a legal monopoly for all fixed line services in Liberia, and remains the sole licensed fixed line telephone service provider in the country.

Prior to 1983, the Reuben Awards Dinner was held in New York City, usually at the Plaza Hotel.

Prior to major Taiwanese economic success, the mountainous areas held several endemic animal species and subspecies, such as the Swinhoe's Pheasant ( Lophura swinhoii ), Taiwan blue magpie ( Urocissa caerulea ), Formosan Black Bear ( Selanarctos thibetanus formosanus ), the Formosan Sika Deer ( Cervus nippon taiwanensis or Cervus nippon taiouanus ) and the Formosan landlocked salmon ( Oncorhynchus masou formosanus ).

Prior to the 2004 season, little hope was held out for the Rangers to improve on their losing ways.

Prior to the Pension Protection Act, employers were held responsible for investment losses as a result of such automatic enrollments.

The Prior of Crato held out in the Azores until 1583, and continued to actively seek to recover the throne until his death in 1595.

Prior to 1971, the Grammy Award ceremonies were held in different locations on the same day.

Prior to that there had been an agricultural society in the town dating back to the 1790s, which held ploughing competitions.

Prior to the adoption of the California Job Case, the capital letters were stored in a separate drawer or case that was located above the case that held the other letters ; this is why capital letters are called " upper case " characters while the non-capitals are " lower case ".

Meanwhile, a delegation from the African Union Commission praised the election for taking place with " calm and serenity " Prior to the 2009 election, Tunisia amended its constitution to allow more candidates to run for president, allowing the top official from each political party to compete for the presidency regardless of whether they held seats in parliament.

Prior to 1975, jurisdiction over family law matters was held and exercised largely by state Supreme courts under the Matrimonial Causes Act.

Prior to that, the challenge cup was held by nine different teams.

Prior to the speech the Armada had been driven from the Strait of Dover in the Battle of Gravelines eleven days earlier, and had by now rounded Scotland on its way home, but troops were still held at ready in case the Spanish army of Alexander Farnese, the Duke of Parma, might yet attempt to invade from Dunkirk ; two days later they were discharged.

Prior to that year, Mount Rainier held the world record for snow accumulation at Paradise in 1978.

Prior to the start of the 2011 – 12 season, Athletic Club's socios ( full members ) held their latest presidential election, which saw incumbent Fernando García Macua defeated by former long-serving player Josu Urrutia.

Prior to the 2000 general elections, the PRI held its first primaries to elect the party's presidential candidate.

Prior to the late 1930s, Sevier County's population, economy, and society — which relied primarily on subsistence agriculture — held little significance vis-à-vis any other county in the rural South.

Prior to parkrun a similar event was held known as the Wimbledon Common Time Trial.

Prior to 1984, AT & T Corp. also held investments in two smaller and otherwise independent companies, Cincinnati Bell and Southern New England Telephone ( SNET ).

Prior to receiving these titles, Rincewind held the post of Assistant Librarian, but it is unclear whether or not he retains the office.

Prior to 2006 it was held on the campus of Jefferson Davis Community College.

Prior to that, classes were held in the city hall building.

Prior to the construction of the current chapel, Roman Catholic services were held in the ice house at Lakeview House.

Prior to the construction of the ward house church was held in the homes of the settlers.

Prior to Ricasoli, Canaiolo was emerging as the dominant variety in the Chianti blend with Sangiovese and Malvasia playing supporting roles.

Prior to the building of the Tribune Tower, correspondents for the Chicago Tribune brought back rocks and bricks from a variety of historically important sites throughout the world at the request of Colonel McCormick.

Prior to that time the region was populated by a variety of Native American tribes.

Prior to Seinfeld, he made numerous guest appearances on a variety of television shows including Cheers, Night Court, Miami Vice and St.

Prior Lake is located in Minnesota's 2nd congressional district, represented by John Kline, a Republican, who is conservative on a variety of social issues, scoring 2. 8 % progressive on a range of issues and 88 % conservative based on 2006 House votes.

Rocket Cottage also included experimental tracks " Fighting for Strangers " ( with sparse vocals singing concurrently in a variety of keys ) and, on the final track, excerpts of studio banter between the band members and a seemingly impromptu rendition of " Camptown Races ", in which Prior gets the lyrics wrong.

Prior and during the early days of the Greek War of Independence ( 1821 – 1829 ), a large variety of flags was designed, proposed and used by various Greek intellectuals in Western Europe, local leaders, chieftains and regional councils.

Prior to Prohibition in the United States, Malbec was a significant variety in California used mainly for blended bulk wine production.

Prior to that, Carlucci served in a variety of senior-level governmental positions, including Director of the Office of Economic Opportunity in the Richard Nixon administration, Deputy Director of the CIA in the Jimmy Carter administration, and Deputy Secretary of Defense and National Security Adviser in the Reagan administration.

Prior to the introduction of the potato to the Old World, latkes were, and in some places still are, made from a variety of other vegetables, cheeses, legumes, or starches, depending on the available local ingredients and foodways of the various places where Jews lived.

Prior to the introduction of the Audion, radio receivers had used a variety of detectors including coherers, barretters, and crystal detectors.

Prior to the definition of the candela, variety of units for luminous intensity were used in various countries.

Prior to the release of Open Transport, the Macintosh OS used a variety of stand-alone INITs to provide networking functionality.

Prior to his incarceration, he held a variety of short-term jobs, working as a farmer, grain elevator manager, real estate salesman and ranch hand.

Prior to European settlement, Iroquoian people lived around Lakes Erie and Ontario, Algonquian peoples around most of the rest, and a variety of other indigenous nation-peoples including the Lakotan, Ojibwa, Illinois, Pottawatmie, Huron, Shawnee, Erie, Fox, Crow and Ho-Chunk ( Winnebago ).

Prior to entering politics, Fentie was involved in a variety of economic activities in and around Watson Lake.

Prior to the primaries, Kerry collected endorsements from a variety of notable Democratic figures, including:

Prior to 1985, Indians could lose status in a variety of ways including the following:

Prior to the deployment of the Internet, computers were connected via a variety of point-to-point techniques, with many smaller computers using dial-up connections.

Prior to his last assignment, Schoomaker spent over 30 years in a variety of assignments with both conventional and special operations forces – he is the first Special Forces-trained Army Chief of Staff and the second to serve on the Joint Chiefs of Staff ( General Henry H. Shelton was the first, when he served as Chairman ).

Prior to the purchase by its current owners, the station showed a variety of programs, the bulk of which were old public-domain movies, old cartoons, and current religious programs.

Prior to American Idol, she worked a variety of jobs including day care worker, party motivator, telemarketer, waitress, and running her own cleaning service.

Prior to silica-based casting molds, these molds were made of a variety of other fire-proof materials, the most common being plaster based, with added grout, and clay based.

Prior to Baco Noir's development, Folle Blanche was the primarily grape variety for the eau de vie grape brandies produced in the Cognac and Armagnac regions of France.

Prior to the U. S. occupation, the long period of civil strife had encouraged the development of a variety of private armies.