Prior to the passage of the United States Constitution, several States passed their own various copyright laws between 1783 and 1787, the first state being Connecticut.

* Prior to the passage of the Statute of Westminster, the U. K. government continued to have a significant role in Irish governance.

Prior to the passage of the amendment, residents of Washington, D. C. were forbidden from voting for President or Vice President as the District is not a U. S. state.

Prior to the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, protests about local racial segregation which began quietly in Franklin Street restaurants led to mass demonstrations and disturbance.

Aristotle was apparently receptive to such an idea, as evidenced by a passage in his Prior Analytics:

Prior to the passage of this Act, anyone succeeding to a title in the peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, would prove their succession by a writ of summons to Parliament.

Prior to the passage of the Taft – Hartley Act by Congress over President Harry S. Truman's veto in 1947, unions and employers covered by the National Labor Relations Act could lawfully agree to a closed shop, in which employees at unionized workplaces must be members of the union as a condition of employment.

Prior to the passage of the 1753 Act such an exchange only created a binding contract to marry rather than a legal marriage.

Prior to the passage of the House of Lords Act 1999 the Marquesses sat in the House of Lords as the Earls of Hillsborough.

Prior to the passage of the McCain-Feingold law, also known as the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act, it was generally accepted that 527s were not covered by campaign finance laws.

Prior to the perihelion passage, and using 28 positions obtained between 1975 August 10 and 1976 January 27, Comet West was estimated to have an orbital period of about 254 thousand years.

Prior to the passage of the FMLA, the provision of leave for family or medical reasons was left to the discretion of individual employers.

Prior to his arrest, he was contacted by several sympathetic politicians and warned about the forthcoming proceedings and offered safe passage out of Lebanon.

Prior to the passage of Medicare, the committee was studying health care insurance coverage for elderly American citizens.

Prior to the passage of this bill, Alaska was spread over four time zones ( Pacific, Yukon, Alaska-Hawaii, and Bering ).

Prior to the passage of the bill, a statement from Taipei's Mainland Affairs Council and a resolution overwhelming passed by the ROC legislature stated that the status quo is that the Republic of China is sovereign and independent.

Prior to the passage of C-293, parliamentary committees and NGOs had called for a clearer mandate for ODA.

Prior to 1927, the King was considered " King in South Africa " rather than " King of South Africa ", as, until the passage of the Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act 1927, constitutional law held that there was a single indivisible monarchy with the Dominions treated as territories of the British Sovereign.

Prior to the passage and subsequent enforcement ( through litigation ) of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 and other laws, most archaeologists, historians, and other historic preservation specialists were employed primarily in the field of academia, working at universities or other places of higher learning.

Prior to the passage of the Act, the law on publishing obscene materials was governed by the common law case of R v Hicklin, which had no exceptions for artistic merit or the public good.

Prior to the passage of same-sex marriage legislation, there was litigation in New York courts regarding the recognition of same-sex marriage licenses from other jurisdictions.

Prior to the passage of Proposition E, the Muni was governed by the Public Transportation Commission and the Department of Parking and Traffic was governed by the Parking and Traffic Commission.

Prior to this date, however, Mexican immigration was not restricted in the way it is today: “ a Mexican caught crossing the border illegally was told that if he wished to enter the US, he had to do so at a regular station and pay the fees .” Moreover, immigration from the Western Hemisphere had remained unrestricted until 1965 with the passage of the Immigration and Nationality Act, even though countries from Eastern Europe and Africa, for example, had limitations, severely restricting immigration from those countries.

Prior to each round, the moderator reads the Aurelia passage to the players as an example of how he or she pronounces each sound in Latin.

Prior to the Comcast position, McSlarrow has been president & CEO of the National Cable & Telecommunications Association, a trade group representing the U. S. cable industry, since March 2005.

Prior to 2011, the station was licensed by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission as a " radiocommunication distribution undertaking ", meaning that for regulatory purposes it was not a true television station, but merely a transmitter licensed to redistribute CBC North.

Prior to the rebrand, History International also occasionally featured shows in a language other than English, such as French or Spanish for use with the National Cable & Telecommunications Association's Cable in the Classroom initiative.

Prior to being donated to the Minority Media and Telecommunications Council, the station aired mostly syndicated shows from Fox Sports and ESPN Radio, in addition to the Dan Patrick Show and the Jim Rome Show.

Prior to the 1970s, Canadian radio stations gave almost no airtime to Canadian music, and apart from CBC Television, Canadian television stations spent very little money on Canadian-produced programming ; in response the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission ( CRTC ) developed Canadian content requirements for radio and broadcasters.

Prior to the 1963 Act, it was chaired by the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Lord Chancellor and the Speaker of the House of Commons.

Prior to the implementation of the Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office Act 1996 enacted by the British Parliament, Hong Kong represented its interests abroad through the Hong Kong Economic and Trade Offices ( HKETOs ) and via a special office in the British Embassies or High Commissions, but the latter has ceased after the sovereignty of Hong Kong was transferred to the PRC and became a special administrative region ( SAR ) of the PRC in 1997.

Prior to the requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act, many hedge fund advisers voluntarily registered with the SEC.

Prior to the statute's enactment in 1710, copying restrictions were authorized by the Licensing Act.

Prior to 1871 the government of the United States regularly entered into treaties with Americans of the United States but the Indian Appropriations Act of March 3, 1871 ( ch.

Prior to the Pension Protection Act, employers were held responsible for investment losses as a result of such automatic enrollments.

Prior to the Act, the main means of ensuring impartiality was by allowing legal challenges to the sheriff ’ s choices.

Prior to the Act, charters were granted by state legislatures who were under an immense amount of political pressure and could be influenced by bribes.

Prior to the Elkins Act, the livestock and petroleum industries paid standard rail shipping rates, but then would demand that the railroad company give them rebates.

Prior to 1975, jurisdiction over family law matters was held and exercised largely by state Supreme courts under the Matrimonial Causes Act.

Prior to the enactment of the Local Government Act 2001, the county was a unified whole despite the presence of two local authorities.

Prior to the enactment of the Local Government Act 2001, the county was a unified whole despite the presence of two local authorities.

Prior to an Act of Parliament in 1824, Protestant deputies were required when the Earl Marshal was a Roman Catholic.

Among articles included were: " The Secession Tradition in America " by Donald Livingston ; " The Ethics of Secession " by Scott Boykin ; “ Nations by Consent: Decomposing the Nation-State ” by Murray Rothbard ; " Yankee Confederates: New England Secession Movements Prior to the War Between the States " by Thomas DiLorenzo ; " Was the Union Army's Invasion of the Confederate States a Lawful Act?

Prior to the Act, most financial services companies were already offering both saving and investment opportunities to their customers.

Prior to the Act of Union 1800 which abolished the Irish parliament, the Lord Lieutenant formally delivered the Speech from the Throne outlining his Government's policies.

Prior to this, terrorism was defined in an Act as a footnote, such as Reinsurance ( Acts of Terrorism ) Act 1993 ( c. 18 ) section 2 ( 2 ):

Prior to this, the municipalities of Warrington and Salford established libraries in their museums, under the terms of the Museums Act of 1845. Warrington Municipal Library opened in 1848.

Prior to the Restoration, Japan's feudal fiefs all issued their own money, hansatsu, in an array of incompatible denominations, but the New Currency Act of Meiji 4 ( 1871 ) did away with these and established the yen as the new decimal currency, which had parity with the Mexican silver dollar.

Prior to enactment of the Act, universal service had been funded through implicit subsidies, levied as above-cost business rates, urban rates, and above-cost rates for the “ access charges ” that long distance carriers paid as intercarrier compensation to local telephone companies for originating and terminating their subscribers ’ long distance calls.

Prior to the Act, regulation of securities was chiefly governed by state laws, commonly referred to as blue sky laws.

Prior to the Second Morrill Act, 17 states excluded blacks from access to the land grant colleges without providing similar educational opportunities.