Prior to his appointment as Duke, Otto had been a long-time opponent of Henry II's expanding influence in Swabia.

Prior to the 2008-09 season opener, the Blackhawks named Toews, at 20 years and 79 days, as the new captain, succeeding the traded Lapointe and making him the third-youngest captain at the time of appointment.

Prior to his court appointment, Michael was originally a money-changer, but it was believed that he was also secretly a forger of false coins.

Prior to that appointment, Foley was President Emeritus of Pontifical Council for Social Communications and Titular Archbishop of Neapolis in Proconsulari.

Prior to her appointment, she was Assistant to the President and Director of the White House Office of Public Engagement.

Prior to Slatkin's appointment, Peter Oundjian was the DSO's Artistic Advisor, and continues to hold the title of Principal Guest Conductor.

Prior to his appointment, the economy was run by Hermann Göring.

Prior to his appointment to Ethiopia by John F. Kennedy, Korry was European editor for Look magazine and a United Press correspondent in post-World War II Europe.

Prior to his appointment to Sydney University in 2004, he taught for over 28 years at the University of New South Wales.

Prior vacancies in the office had been filled by the incumbent assistant chief, and Arnold's appointment to succeed Westover seemed automatic since he was well-qualified.

Prior to Eisenhower's appointment as Supreme Commander all planning for Overlord fell to the Chief of Staff to the Supreme Commander Allied Forces ( COSSAC ), Frederick E. Morgan.

Prior to granting access to information, an individual who has been cleared must sign a Security Screening Certificate and Briefing Form ( TBS / SCT 330-47 ), indicating their willingness to be bound by several Acts of Parliament during and after their appointment finishes.

Prior to his appointment, Euphemius was a presbyter of Constantinople, administrator of a hospital for the poor at Neapolis, unsuspected of any Eutychian leanings, and is described as learned and very virtuous.

Prior to his appointment as LSU's eighth chancellor, Dr. Martin had established a distinguished career in higher education, serving most recently as president of New Mexico State University.

Prior to this appointment Horinko was Assistant Administrator for the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response ( OSWER ) at EPA, having been confirmed by the U. S. Senate on October 1, 2001.

The administrative structure designed by Philip II of Spain was blurring, first with the appointment of a Governor by Carlos III — detrimental to the powers of the Lord Mayor and El Escorial's Prior — and, subsequently, with the privatization of land.

Prior to her appointment as Governor-General, she presided over a 1988 inquiry into issues related to cervical cancer and its treatment at Auckland's National Women's Hospital, known as the Cartwright Inquiry.

Prior to his appointment, Everton Chairman Bill Kenwright contacted Moyes and invited him to his home in London to discuss the available position at Everton.

Prior to her appointment as Lieutenant Governor, Weston spent over two decades working in business and in the fashion industry.

Prior to assuming the role of governor upon the appointment of Tommy Thompson as Secretary of Health and Human Services, McCallum served as a member of the Wisconsin State Senate and as the 41st Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin.

Prior to his appointment as Deputy Secretary, he served as the second administrator of the Transportation Security Administration from 2002 to 2003, and before that as the Commandant of the Coast Guard from 1998 to 2002.

Prior to this appointment, he served as the United States Deputy Secretary of State and as the first ever Director of National Intelligence.

Prior to his appointment as Prime Minister, he served as the deputy prime minister for industry, energy, transport, and communications from 2001 to 2003.

Prior to his appointment, he had served for over a decade in the upper echelons of APHIS as:

Prior to his appointment as Chancellor, he had served in a number of other positions, including as Prime Minister of Bavaria ( 1866 – 1870 ), German Ambassador to Paris ( 1873 – 1880 ), Foreign Secretary ( 1880 ) and Imperial Lieutenant of Alsace-Lorraine ( 1885 – 1894 ).

Prior to uniform ( U. S. A .) federal D. O. T.

Prior to the Garcia decision, the determination of whether there was state immunity from federal regulation turned on whether the state activity was " traditional " for or " integral " to the state government.

Prior to the Constitution, a federal body was one where states effectively formed nothing more than permanent treaties, with citizens retaining their loyalty to their original state.

Prior to the enactment of the federal securities laws and the creation of the SEC, there existed so-called Blue Sky laws that were enacted and enforced at the state level and regulated the offering and sale of securities to protect the public from fraud.

Prior to the establishment of the EPA, the federal government was not structured to comprehensively regulate environmental pollutants.

Prior to that ruling, President Clinton applied the line-item veto to the federal budget 82 times.

Prior to statehood, it housed federal government offices, the federal courthouse and a post office.

Prior to 1792, the region was claimed by both New York and Pennsylvania, so no county demarcations were made until the federal government intervened.

Prior to the 1888 Republican National Convention, federal judge Walter Q. Gresham sought Fairbanks's help in seeking the nomination for U. S. President.

Prior to that time, the Catalina Foothills area was primarily federal trust land and open range for cattle grazing.

Prior to being involved in federal politics, he spent ten years in provincial politics.

Prior to entering provincial politics, Klein considered himself a Liberal Party supporter, although he did support the federal Progressive Conservative Party of Brian Mulroney in the 1988 federal election .< ref >

Prior to 1996, the federal government did not define marriage ; any marriage recognized by a state was recognized by the federal government, even if that marriage was not recognized by one or more other states ( as was the case with interracial marriage before 1967 due to anti-miscegenation laws ).

Prior to his presidency he served as federal minister for agriculture.

Prior to 1984, Canada was seen as having a dominant-party system led by the Liberal Party while Progressive Conservative governments therefore were considered by many of these pundits as caretaker governments, doomed to fall once the collective mood of the electorate shifted and the federal Liberal Party eventually came back to power.

Prior to the foundation of the federal university, these three colleges had prepared students for the examinations of the University of London.

Prior to the 2006 midterm election Domenici called and pressured then-United States Attorney for the District of New Mexico David Iglesias to speed up indictments in a federal corruption investigation that involved at least one former Democratic state senator.

Prior to independence, Tunku Abdul Rahman managed to convince the sultans to cede some states ' powers to the federal government.

Prior to the 2010 election Bathurst was within the Macquarie federal electoral district which was more easterly based including the Blue Mountains area with Bathurst as the western boundary of the district.

Prior to the sending of the troops under the command of Major General Edwin A. Walker, McClellan had expressed " regret the ... use of force by the federal government to enforce integration.

Prior to 1987, unemployment compensation amounts were excluded from federal gross income.

Prior to the enactment of DOMA, the General Accounting Office ( as the GAO was then called ) identified 1, 049 federal statutory provisions in which benefits, rights, and privileges are contingent on marital status or in which marital status is a factor.