Prior to the 1963 Act, it was chaired by the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Lord Chancellor and the Speaker of the House of Commons.

Prior to the implementation of the Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office Act 1996 enacted by the British Parliament, Hong Kong represented its interests abroad through the Hong Kong Economic and Trade Offices ( HKETOs ) and via a special office in the British Embassies or High Commissions, but the latter has ceased after the sovereignty of Hong Kong was transferred to the PRC and became a special administrative region ( SAR ) of the PRC in 1997.

Prior to the requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act, many hedge fund advisers voluntarily registered with the SEC.

Prior to the passage of the Telecommunications Act of 2007, the state-owned Liberia Telecommunications Corporation ( LIBTELCO ) held a legal monopoly for all fixed line services in Liberia, and remains the sole licensed fixed line telephone service provider in the country.

Prior to the statute's enactment in 1710, copying restrictions were authorized by the Licensing Act.

Prior to 1871 the government of the United States regularly entered into treaties with Americans of the United States but the Indian Appropriations Act of March 3, 1871 ( ch.

Prior to the Pension Protection Act, employers were held responsible for investment losses as a result of such automatic enrollments.

Prior to the Act, the main means of ensuring impartiality was by allowing legal challenges to the sheriff ’ s choices.

Prior to the Elkins Act, the livestock and petroleum industries paid standard rail shipping rates, but then would demand that the railroad company give them rebates.

Prior to 1975, jurisdiction over family law matters was held and exercised largely by state Supreme courts under the Matrimonial Causes Act.

Prior to the enactment of the Local Government Act 2001, the county was a unified whole despite the presence of two local authorities.

Prior to the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, protests about local racial segregation which began quietly in Franklin Street restaurants led to mass demonstrations and disturbance.

Prior to the enactment of the Local Government Act 2001, the county was a unified whole despite the presence of two local authorities.

Prior to an Act of Parliament in 1824, Protestant deputies were required when the Earl Marshal was a Roman Catholic.

Among articles included were: " The Secession Tradition in America " by Donald Livingston ; " The Ethics of Secession " by Scott Boykin ; “ Nations by Consent: Decomposing the Nation-State ” by Murray Rothbard ; " Yankee Confederates: New England Secession Movements Prior to the War Between the States " by Thomas DiLorenzo ; " Was the Union Army's Invasion of the Confederate States a Lawful Act?

Prior to the Act, most financial services companies were already offering both saving and investment opportunities to their customers.

Prior to the Act of Union 1800 which abolished the Irish parliament, the Lord Lieutenant formally delivered the Speech from the Throne outlining his Government's policies.

Prior to this, terrorism was defined in an Act as a footnote, such as Reinsurance ( Acts of Terrorism ) Act 1993 ( c. 18 ) section 2 ( 2 ):

Prior to this, the municipalities of Warrington and Salford established libraries in their museums, under the terms of the Museums Act of 1845. Warrington Municipal Library opened in 1848.

Prior to the Restoration, Japan's feudal fiefs all issued their own money, hansatsu, in an array of incompatible denominations, but the New Currency Act of Meiji 4 ( 1871 ) did away with these and established the yen as the new decimal currency, which had parity with the Mexican silver dollar.

Prior to enactment of the Act, universal service had been funded through implicit subsidies, levied as above-cost business rates, urban rates, and above-cost rates for the “ access charges ” that long distance carriers paid as intercarrier compensation to local telephone companies for originating and terminating their subscribers ’ long distance calls.

Prior to the Act, regulation of securities was chiefly governed by state laws, commonly referred to as blue sky laws.

Prior to the Second Morrill Act, 17 states excluded blacks from access to the land grant colleges without providing similar educational opportunities.

Prior to his rule, he was mentioned in two charters from 824 as a dux under Beornwulf, also the Fitzwilliam Museum hold a coin minted during Ludeca's reign, It is thought the silver penny was minted at Ipswich and the moneyer's name was Wærbeald.

It conducts business charters and recreational and sightseeing flights Prior to its dissolution, regional airline Air Nova had its Quebec offices in Sainte-Foy.

Prior to assuming the university's current form, charters had been granted by the Texas Legislature ( Texas Congress 1836 – 1845 ) to establish four educational institutions: Rutersville College of Rutersville, Texas, Wesleyan College of San Augustine, Texas, McKenzie College of Clarksville, Texas, and Soule University of Chappell Hill, Texas.

Prior to 1942, automobiles were the individual responsibility of the agency to which assigned.

Prior to the year 1878, all apostolic letters and briefs requiring for their validity the leaden seal were engrossed upon rough parchment and in Gothic characters ( round letters, also called Gallicum and commonly Bollatico, but in Italy today Teutonic ) without lines, or diphthongs, or marks of punctuation.

Prior to major influence from outside, there were approximately 25, 000 Aleuts on the archipelago.

Prior to 2006, off-premises alcohol sales were forbidden until noon on Sundays, and liquor / wine stores were required to be closed the entire day.

Prior to 1991 the law was stricter, when changes more clearly defined which businesses were exempt such as pharmacies, hospitals, and restaurants.

Prior to the Smartmodem, modems were almost entirely manual in operation, having developed from acoustic couplers that used a traditional telephone for dialling and hanging up.

Prior to the bubonic plague epidemic known as the Black Death, Mongol and Turkish armies were reported to have catapulted disease-laden corpses into besieged cities.

Prior movements had all originated in cities which were home to at least two teams.

Prior to 31 December 2010, deposits with building societies of up to £ 50, 000 per individual, per institution, were normally protected by the Financial Services Compensation Scheme ( FSCS ), but Nationwide and Yorkshire Building Societies negotiated a temporary change to the terms of the FSCS to protect members of the societies they acquired in late 2008 / early 2009.

Prior to 1948, various standards for luminous intensity were in use in a number of countries.

Prior to the development of the pound lock in 984AD in China by Chhaio Wei-Yo and later in Europe in the 15th century, either flash locks consisting of a single gate were used or ramps, sometimes equipped with rollers, were used to change level.

Prior to the internet, virtual communities ( like social or academic organizations ) were far more limited by the constraints of available communication and transportation technologies.

Prior to Kidd returning to New York City, he learned that he was a wanted pirate, and that several English men-of-war were searching for him.

Prior to the end of the slave trade and widespread abolition, when indigenous labour was unavailable, slaves were often imported to the Americas, first by the Spanish Empire, and later by the Dutch, French and British.

Prior to the charter, there were various statutes which protected an assortment of civil rights and obligations, but nothing was enshrined in the constitution until 1982.

Prior to the invention of tension rods drum skins were attached and tuned by rope systems such as that used on the Djembe or pegs and ropes such as that used on Ewe Drums, a system rarely used today, although sometimes seen on regimental marching band snare drums.

Prior to his inauguration, he led a meeting of advisors at Pearl Harbor addressing foremost issues ; agreed objectives were to balance the budget during his term, to bring the Korean War to an end, to defend vital interests at lower cost through nuclear deterrent, and to end price and wage controls.

Prior to the development of DTMF, numbers were dialed on automated telephone systems by means of pulse dialing ( Dial Pulse or DP in the U. S .) or loop disconnect ( LD ) signaling, which functions by rapidly disconnecting and re-connecting the calling party's telephone line, similar to flicking a light switch on and off.

Prior to the early 20th century, all shotgun barrels were forged by heating narrow strips of iron and steel and shaping them around a mandrel.

Prior to the start of the Civil War, Governor Samuel J. Kirkwood declared Davenport to be Iowa's first military headquarters and five camps were set up in the city to aid the Union.

Prior to World War II, destroyers were light vessels with little endurance for unattended ocean operations ; typically a number of destroyers and a single destroyer tender operated together.

Prior to the mid-20th century, double bass strings were usually made of gut, but since that time, steel strings have largely replaced gut strings, because steel strings hold their pitch better and yield more volume when played with the bow.

As time passed, Prior Diego sanctioned the building of a monastery for girls whose parents had sent them to the care of the Albigensians because their families were too poor to fulfill their basic needs.