Prior to the creation of the group management board in 2006, HSBC's chairman essentially held the duties of a chief executive at an equivalent institution, while HSBC's chief executive served as the deputy.

Prior to Montaigne's time, humanists such as Pico della Mirandola had argued that man was God's greatest creation, made in God's image and able to choose his own nature, but this view was subsequently challenged in Michel de Montaigne's Essais of 1580.

Prior to its creation as the Territory of the Saar Basin by the League of Nations after World War I, the Saarland ( or simply " the Saar ", as is frequently referred to ) did not exist as a unified entity.

Prior to the creation of Pakistan in 1947, modern-day Bangladesh was part of ancient, classical, medieval and colonial India.

Prior to the enactment of the federal securities laws and the creation of the SEC, there existed so-called Blue Sky laws that were enacted and enforced at the state level and regulated the offering and sale of securities to protect the public from fraud.

Prior to the creation of the department, the area was not a natural unit, but much of it was commercially prosperous thanks to traditional industries such as salt and cognac production.

Prior to its creation, cases brought to court were tried in The Dalles, county seat of the vast Wasco County.

Prior to the creation of Carter County the only schools in the area were private subscription schools.

Prior to the creation of Tuttle Creek Lake, the town of Garrison existed in west central Pottawatomie County.

Prior to the creation of the District in 1999, Strawberry was in the Alto-Richardson Fire Protection District.

Prior to his creation as a Knight Bachelor, Owen, though excused from duty, was appointed an Esquire to the King's Person.

Prior to the creation of Lake Mead, Moapa Valley also included the town of St. Thomas, which was abandoned in 1938 due to the rising lake level.

Prior to the creation of ZIP codes as a way to uniquely identify addresses, United States Postal Service policy was that two post offices in a state could not have the same name, and there was already a " Woodcliff " in Hudson County.

Prior to the creation of the Gordon Heights Fire Department ( GHFD ) in 1947, there had been no fire services in the community, dating back to its founding in 1927.

Prior to the creation of the Landsting, he represented Greenland in the Parliament of Denmark from 1973, a position he regained in 2001 and still holds.

Prior to the League's creation, a large portion of humanity departed for other planets and solar systems in what came to be known as the Diaspora, leaving those who remained to rebuild from the effects of pollution, resource exhaustion, and the cataclysmic Final War.

" Prior to their creation, nearly all the previous villains in the series were considered too likable.

Prior to Lake's creation of the nickname, sports writers used various others, including: “ B. G.

Prior to the creation of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, these provinces comprised the region:

Prior to the creation of the Sacred Band under Gorgidas, the Athenians had helped the Theban exiles retake control of Thebes and the citadel of Cadmea from Sparta.

Prior to its creation Hallam was a part of the larger Sheffield Borough constituency, which was represented by two Members of Parliament ( MPs ).

Prior to the creation of the municipality of Tulum, the municipality was situated between latitudes 20 ° 45 ' and 19 ° 46 ' north and longitudes 86 ° 57 ' and 88 ° 05 ' west, and had an area of 4, 245. 67 km².

Prior to the creation of the ward on August 1, 1947, the area had been part of Itabashi.

Prior to 1944 the British secondary education system was fundamentally an ad hoc creation.

Prior to the creation of Pyra ’ s “ Blogger ,” the number of blogs in existence was thought to be less than one hundred.

Prior to March 2008, when Amtrak changed its format for the new Northeast Regional service, the first car was Business Class ( formerly the last car ), and the second car was the operational Café Car ( formerly the second-to-last car ).

Prior to the formation of Amtrak, the California Zephyr ( the CZ, or " Silver Lady ") was a passenger train operated jointly by the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad ( CB & Q ), Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad ( D & RGW ) and Western Pacific Railroad ( WP ).

Prior to Amtrak the route was known as the Duquesne, named after Fort Duquesne in Pittsburgh, and was operated by the Pennsylvania Railroad.

Prior to the featured race, the stewards announced that apprentice James P. Verrone is suspended ten days for crowding horses and crossing the field sharply in two races on Wednesday.

Abbot Francis Michael and Prior Anthony Delisi ( on the left ) of Monastery of the Holy Spirit, a Trappist monastery in Conyers, Georgia, USA.

Prior to modern times, there was no distinction between architects, engineers and often artists, and the title used varied depending on geographical location.

He wrote many commentaries on the works of Aristotle, extant are those on the Prior Analytics, Topics, Meteorology, Sense and Sensibilia, and Metaphysics.

His extant commentaries are on Prior Analytics ( Book 1 ), Topics, Meteorology, Sense and Sensibilia, and Metaphysics ( Books 1-5 ).

His works include a treatise on the Holy Eucharist, one on the Procession of the Holy Spirit, many lives of saints, as well as a history of his term as Prior General of the Camaldolese.

Prior to the First Buddhist Council, it was proposed that Ananda not be permitted to attend on the grounds that he was not yet an arahant.

Prior to the 1950s, Alberta was a primarily agricultural economy, based on the export of wheat, beef, and a few other commodities.

Prior to the introduction of AutoCAD, most other CAD programs ran on mainframe computers or minicomputers, with each CAD operator ( user ) working at a graphical terminal or workstation.

Prior to major influence from outside, there were approximately 25, 000 Aleuts on the archipelago.

Prior to 2006, off-premises alcohol sales were forbidden until noon on Sundays, and liquor / wine stores were required to be closed the entire day.

Prior to 2006, in common with many other Caribbean countries, Cable & Wireless ( Caribbean ) had a statutory monopoly on telephone and other electronic communications services.

Prior to the Normandy landings on D-Day in June 1944, the Allies knew the locations of all but two of the 58 German divisions on the Western front.

Prior to the period of these scriptures, Mahāyāna metaphysics had been dominated by teachings on emptiness in the form of Madhyamaka philosophy.

There are a number of interesting monuments, most notably that of Prior Vivian which was formerly in the Priory Church ( Thomas Vivian's effigy lying on a chest: black Catacleuse stone and grey marble ).

Prior to this event, the technique had been published in an issue of 391 in the poem by Tzara, dada manifesto on feeble love and bitter love under the sub-title, TO MAKE A DADAIST POEM

Prior to the 1995 season, the Rockies acquired free-agent outfielder Larry Walker, previously of the Montreal Expos, who replaced Kingery as the 4th member of the " Blake Street Bombers "— named after the street on which the new ballpark ( Coors Field ) was located — along with Galarraga, Bichette, and third baseman Vinny Castilla, who had played sparingly with the major-league club during the previous season.

Prior to 1930, Central Committee departments focused on major components of " political work ".

Prior to the invention of tension rods drum skins were attached and tuned by rope systems such as that used on the Djembe or pegs and ropes such as that used on Ewe Drums, a system rarely used today, although sometimes seen on regimental marching band snare drums.

Prior, whose authority is great in the origin of popular names, says " It seems probably that the name was in the first place, foxes ' glew, or music, in reference to the favourite instrument of an earlier time, a ring of bells hung on an arched support, the tintinnabulum "... we cannot quite agree with Dr.