Proclus Lycaeus (; 8 February 412 – 17 April 485 AD ), called the Successor ( Greek, Próklos ho Diádokhos ), was a Greek Neoplatonist philosopher, one of the last major Classical philosophers ( see Damascius ).

* Proclus ' Commentary on Euclid, Book I. PDF scans of Friedlein's Greek edition, now in the public domain ( Classical Greek )

* Proclus in English and Greek, Select Online Resources

* Greek Neoplatonist philosopher Proclus begins studying at the Academy in Athens.

* February 8 – Proclus, Greek Neoplatonist philosopher ( d. 485 )

* April 17 – Proclus, Greek Neoplatonist philosopher ( b. 412 )

Some very early Greek sources in the Epic Cycle affirmed that Artemis rescued Iphigenia from the human sacrifice her father was about to perform, for instance in the lost epic Cypria, which survives in a summary by Proclus: " Artemis, however, snatched her away and transported her to the Tauroi, making her immortal, and put a stag in place of the girl upon the altar.

Dionysius translated standard works from Greek into Latin, principally the " Life of St. Pachomius ", the " Instruction of St. Proclus of Constantinople " for the Armenians, the " De opificio hominis " of St. Gregory of Nyssa, and the history of the discovery of the head of St. John the Baptist.

Pagan energies in Maximus the Confessor: the influence of Proclus on the Ad Thomam 5 in Greek Roman and Byzantine Studies 52. 2 ( 2012 )

" Greek philosophers, Aristotle, Critolaus and Proclus held that the world was eternal.

The first recorded use of the Greek word translated trapezoid ( τραπέζοειδη, trapézoeide, " table-like ") was by Marinus Proclus ( 412 to 485 AD ) in his Commentary on the first book of Euclid's Elements.

The works of Proclus, 5 more published by Cardinal Mai, of which 3 are preserved only in a Syriac version, the Greek being lost ; 7 letters, along with several addressed to him by other persons ; and a few fragments of other letters and sermons.

Iin the 5th century AD, the Greek Neoplatonist philosopher Proclus mentions that both theories were being discussed.

Sallust, On the gods and the world ; and the Pythagoric sentences of Demophilus, translated from the Greek ; and five hymns by Proclus, in the original Greek, with a poetical version.

The influence of other thinkers has also been identified in Mazzoni ’ s work, including neo-platonists such as Proclus and Greek sophists such as Dionysius of Helicarnassus and Aulus Gellius ( the latter two particularly in Mazzoni's discussion on the impact of the character of the poet on the nature of the poem ;).

Another passage from Proclus ' commentary on the Timaeus gives a description of the geography of Atlantis: That an island of such nature and size once existed is evident from what is said by certain authors who investigated the things around the outer sea.

Successful recreations have been performed by Anthemius of Tralles ( 6th century AD ), Proclus ( 6th century ) ( who by this means purportedly destroyed the fleet of Vitellus besieging Constantinople ), Ibn Sahl in his On Burning Mirrors and Lenses ( 10th century ), Alhazen in his Book of Optics ( 1021 ), Roger Bacon ( 13th century ), Giambattista della Porta and his friends ( 16th century ), Athanasius Kircher and Gaspar Schott ( 17th century ), the Comte du Buffon in 1740 in Paris, Ioannis Sakas in the 1970s in Greece, and others.

The only reference that historians rely on of Euclid having written the Elements was from Proclus, who briefly in his Commentary on the Elements ascribes Euclid as its author.

The compilers of the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy find pseudo-Dionysius to be most probably " a pupil of Proclus, perhaps of Syrian origin, who knew enough of Platonism and the Christian tradition to transform them both.

Before the contemporary period, the most significant scholar of Proclus in the English speaking world was Thomas Taylor, who produced English translations of most of his works, with commentaries.

His work inspired the New England Transcendentalists, including Ralph Waldo Emerson, who declared in 1843 that, in reading Proclus, " I am filled with hilarity & spring, my heart dances, my sight is quickened, I behold shining relations between all beings, and am impelled to write and almost to sing.

He is succeeded by Proclus who becomes archbishop of Constantinople.

( Ref Opus cit Butler ) A certain Proclus ( or Proculus ), who had confessed the faith before the prosecutors and underwent torments in defence of it, subsequently was seduced into heresy by Asclepiodotus and Theodotus the banker, both disciples of Theodotus the Tanner, whom Victor, Zephyrinus's predecessor in the Chair of Peter, had excommunicated for reviving the heresy of Ebion that affirmed that Christ was only a mere man, though a prophet.

Besides Ptolemy, the list includes Proclus, who rejected precession, and Theon of Alexandria, a commentator on Ptolemy in the 4th century, who accepted Ptolemy's explanation.

Proclus, who summarized the lost epic, the Aethiopis of Arctinos of Miletus, of which only five lines survive in a quotation, gave the events of Penthesilea's life.

In his view not only Plotinus, but also Syrianus, Proclus, and Ammonius, are great philosophers, who have penetrated into the depths of the wisdom of Plato.

Of particular importance are the famous Arian ; Eunomius of Cyzicus ; Saint Dalmatius ; Proclus of Constantinople and Germanus of Auxerre, who became Patriarchs of Constantinople ; and Saint Emilian, a martyr in the eighth century.

As a student of Pseudo-Dionysius, Maximus was one of many Christian theologians who preserved and interpreted the earlier Neo-Platonic philosophy, including the thought of such figures as Plotinus and Proclus.

A rescript from Theodosius procured by Proclus, declaring his wish that all should live in peace and that no imputation should be made against anyone who died in communion with the church, appeased the storm.

In 439, at the request of a deputation from Caesarea in Cappadocia, Proclus selected as their new bishop Thalassius, who was about to be appointed praetorian prefect of the East.

The emperor and Flavian, who had succeeded Proclus as archbishop, listened to their complaints, but declined to hear them officially.

He became head of the school in Athens in succession to Marinus, who followed Proclus.

It is elsewhere related that Isidore had a wife called Domna, who died five days after the birth of their son whom they named Proclus.

The late Neoplatonist Proclus, who is credited the first to speak of subtle " planes ", posited two subtle bodies or " carriers " ( okhema ) intermediate between the rational soul and the physical body.

If we had no other information, we should only know that he was later than Ptolemy ( died c. 168 AD ), whom he quotes, and earlier than Proclus ( born c. 411 AD ), who quotes him.

Some have thought that it might be the same person as the lesser-known grammarian Eutychius Proclus, who lived in the 2nd century CE, but it is quite possible that he is simply an otherwise unknown figure.

However the original source of the word " plane " in this context is the late Neoplatonist Proclus, who refers to to platos, " breadth ", which was the equivalent of the 19th century theosophical use.

The few historical references to Euclid were written centuries after he lived, by Proclus and Pappus of Alexandria.

During the 19th century modernist Catholics too came generally to accept that the author must have lived after the time of Proclus.

Snippets of biographical information are provided by ancient authors as diverse as Tatian, Proclus, Clement of Alexandria, Cicero, Aelian, Plutarch, Galen, Dio Chrysostom, Aelius Aristides and several anonymous authors in the Palatine Anthology.

Taylor also published several original works on philosophy ( in particular, the Neoplatonism of Proclus and Iamblichus ) and mathematics.

The Suda attributes several works to Syrianus, but which are in fact the works of Proclus.