QED is a line-oriented computer text editor that was developed by Butler Lampson and L. Peter Deutsch for the Berkeley Timesharing System running on the SDS 940.

A version of QED named FRED ( Friendly Editor ) was written at the

QED was also used as a character-oriented editor on the Norwegian-made Norsk Data systems, first Nord TSS then SINTRAN III.

) Finally, the emergent field of quantum mechanics was merged with electrodynamics to form quantum electrodynamics ( QED ).

This mechanism was often used to transfer frequently-used commands or text snippets from additional buffers into the document, as was the case with the QED editor.

Control-V was first used for paste in the QED editor.

The QED manifesto was a proposal for a computer-based database of all mathematical knowledge, strictly formalized and with all proofs having been checked automatically.

A dedicated mailing list was created, and two scientific conferences on QED took place.

* The QED Project — was a project to establish a " distributed, computerized repository that rigorously represents all important, established mathematical knowledge.

Renormalization was first developed in quantum electrodynamics ( QED ) to make sense of infinite integrals in perturbation theory.

The renormalization group prediction ( cf Stueckelberg-Petermann and Gell-Mann-Low works ) was confirmed 40 years later at the LEP accelerator experiments: the fine structure " constant " of QED was measured to be about 1 / 127 at energies close to 200 GeV, as opposed to the standard low-energy physics value of 1 / 137.

This problem of systematically handling the infinities of quantum field theory to obtain finite physical quantities was solved for QED by Richard Feynman, Julian Schwinger and Sin-Itiro Tomonaga, who received the 1965 Nobel prize for these contributions.

Re-locating to Sydney, Australia in February 1981, she was a backing vocalist for various groups and formed a trio, QED, in 1983.

The Indy, at the bottom of SGI's price list, was then upgraded with the MIPS R4400 and the low-cost, low-power-consumption Quantum Effect Devices ( QED ) R4600.

The Indy was also the first SGI machine to utilize the QED R5000 microprocessor, which offered significant advantages over the R4400 and R4600 it replaced.

The hypothesis for the asymptotics was recently confirmed analytically for theory and QED

The QED vacuum of quantum electrodynamics ( or QED ) was the first vacuum of quantum field theory to be developed.

QED originated in the 1930s, and in the late 1940s and early 1950s it was reformulated by Feynman, Tomonaga and Schwinger, who jointly received the Nobel prize for this work in 1965.

A similar problem applying quantum field theory to electromagnetism was famously solved through the use of renormalization groups and the successful creation of quantum electrodynamics ( QED ).

Quantum Effect Devices ( QED ) was a microprocessor design company incorporated in 1991 as Quantum Effect Design.

IDT was a major funder and customer for the initial QED design.

* Animations demonstrating Diffraction by QED

* Animations demonstrating lens by QED

Quantum Effect Devices ( QED ), a separate company started by former MIPS employees, designed the R4600 Orion, the R4700 Orion, the R4650 and the R5000.

Because the muon is a lepton, the atomic energy levels of muonium can be calculated with great precision from quantum electrodynamics ( QED ), unlike the case of hydrogen, where the precision is limited by uncertainies related to the internal structure of the proton.

** QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter, a 1985 book adapting lectures by Richard Feynman on quantum electrodynamics

* QED ( play ), a 2001 play by Peter Parnell about Richard Feynman

The three kinds of charge in QCD ( as opposed to one in quantum electrodynamics or QED ) are usually referred to as " color charge " by loose analogy to the three kinds of color ( red, green and blue ) perceived by humans.

QED mathematically describes all phenomena involving electrically charged particles interacting by means of exchange of photons and represents the quantum counterpart of classical electromagnetism giving a complete account of matter and light interaction.

QED is based on the assumption that complex interactions of many electrons and photons can be represented by fitting together a suitable collection of the above three building blocks, and then using the probability-quantities to calculate the probability of any such complex interaction.

The QED Lagrangian for a spin-1 / 2 field interacting with the electromagnetic field is given by the real part of

An argument by Freeman Dyson shows that the radius of convergence of the perturbation series in QED is zero.

* Animations demonstrating optical refraction by QED

Robert Jaffe of MIT argues that the Casimir force should not be considered evidence for vacuum energy, since it can be derived in QED without reference to vacuum energy by considering charge-current interactions ( the radiation-reaction picture ).

* Animations demonstrating parabola mirror by QED

If the theory is renormalizable ( see below for more on this ), as it is in QED, the divergent parts of loop diagrams can all be decomposed into pieces with three or fewer legs, with an algebraic form that can be canceled out by the second term ( or by the similar counterterms that come from and ).

They determined the variation of the electromagnetic coupling in QED, by appreciating the simplicity of the scaling structure of that theory.

Light – matter interaction in terms of photons is a topic of quantum electrodynamics, and is described in detail by Richard Feynman in his popular book QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter.

* Animations demonstrating optical reflection by QED

For information on 2008 GDL pass rates and the number of students awarded distinctions and commendations by the various providers see QED LAW

The Landau pole behavior of quantum electrodynamics ( QED, related to quantum triviality ) is a consequence of screening by virtual charged particle-antiparticle pairs, such as electron-positron pairs, in the vacuum.