Research and development activities undertaken by the Secretary shall be coordinated or conducted jointly with the Department of Defense to the end that developments under this Act which are primarily of a civil nature will contribute to the defense of the Nation and that developments which are primarily of a military nature will, to the greatest practicable extent compatible with military and security requirements, be available to advance the purposes of this Act and to strengthen the civil economy of the Nation.

Fromm also cites a poll on attitudes toward work restriction conducted by the Opinion Research Corporation in 1945, in which 49 per cent of manual workers said a man ought to turn out as much as he could in a day's work, while 41 per cent said he should not do his best but should turn out only the average amount.

Research is limited by its short half-life, which prevents the creation of weighable quantities.

It became clear that managing the Apollo program would exceed the capabilities of Robert Gilruth's Space Task Group, which had been directing the nation's manned space program from NASA's Langley Research Center.

The Institute of Medical Psychology at the University Hospital in Heidelberg, Germany has set up a Research Department Ayahuasca / Santo Daime, which in May 2008 held a 3-day conference under the title The globalization of Ayahuasca-An Amazonian psychoactive and its users.

Research indicates these drugs may interact with transcription factors known as " clock genes ", which may play a role in the addictive properties of drugs ( drug abuse ), and possibly in obesity.

Other organizations have sprung up which do their peer review entirely free and online, such as Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research ( JAIR ), Journal of Machine Learning Research ( JMLR ) and the Journal of Research and Practice in Information Technology.

The so-called shotgun sequencing technique ( which was used, for example, by The Institute for Genomic Research to sequence the first bacterial genome, Haemophilus influenzae ) does not produce entire chromosomes.

Research in learning and development aims to explain the mechanisms by which these processes might take place.

Throop College of Technology, in Pasadena California has recently afforded a striking illustration of one way in which the Research Council can secure co-operation and advance scientific investigation.

Research on these geometries led to, among other things, Einstein's theory of general relativity, which describes the universe as non-Euclidean.

CND's growing support in the 1980s provoked opposition from several sources, including Peace Through Nato, the British Atlantic Committee ( which received government funding ), Women and Families for Defence ( set up by conservative journalist Lady Olga Maitland to oppose the Greenham Common Peace Camp ), the Conservative Party's Campaign for Defence and Multilateral Disarmament, the Coalition for Peace through Security, the Foreign Affairs Research Institute, and The 61, a private sector intelligence agency.

In 1981, the Foreign Affairs Research Institute, which shared an office with the CPS, was said by Sanity, the CND newspaper, to have published a booklet claiming that Russian money was being used by CND.

The concept was similar in principle to the bucket-brigade device ( BBD ), which was developed at Philips Research Labs during the late 1960s.

While the institute is best known for its Millennium Prize Problems, it carries out a wide range of activities, including a postdoctoral program ( ten Clay Research Fellows are supported each year ) and an annual summer school, the proceedings of which are published jointly with the American Mathematical Society.

Digital Research produced a compatible variant known as DR DOS, which was eventually taken over ( after a buyout of Digital Research ) by Novell, then by Caldera.

Research in discrete mathematics increased in the latter half of the twentieth century partly due to the development of digital computers which operate in discrete steps and store data in discrete bits.

* Designated Market Area, a region of the country in which radio and television stations in the major city of the area are seen in homes and households, as defined by Nielsen Media Research.

The criteria adopted for many of the mental disorders were taken from the Research Diagnostic Criteria ( RDC ) and Feighner Criteria, which had just been developed by a group of research-orientated psychiatrists based primarily at Washington University in St. Louis and the New York State Psychiatric Institute.

The Faculty of Engineering operates the Ocean Research Centre Atlantic, which is dedicated to carrying out research and tests in the areas of naval and off-shore engineering.

Hofstadter is College of Arts and Sciences Distinguished Professor of Cognitive Science and Comparative Literature at Indiana University in Bloomington, where he directs the Center for Research on Concepts and Cognition which consists of himself and his graduate students, forming the " Fluid Analogies Research Group " ( FARG ).

This is a parallel and collaborative effort e. g. with research at the Princeton Sound Lab, the University of Cologne, and the Computational Arts Research Group at Queensland University of Technology.

A researcher at the Industrial Materials Research Institute, Alessandro Malutta, devised an experiment that demonstrated the trapping action of ultrasonic standing waves on wood pulp fibers diluted in water and their parallel orienting into the equidistant pressure planes.

The Internet Research Task Force ( IRTF ) focuses on longer term research issues related to the Internet while the parallel organization, the Internet Engineering Task Force ( IETF ), focuses on the shorter term issues of engineering and standards making.

The X-MP's main improvement over the Cray-1 was that it was a shared-memory parallel vector processor, the first such computer from Cray Research.

Soon parallel projects were set up in the US as the Strategic Computing Initiative and the Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation ( MCC ), in the UK as Alvey, and in Europe as the European Strategic Program on Research in Information Technology ( ESPRIT ), as well as ECRC ( European Computer Research Centre ) in Munich, a collaboration between ICL in Britain, Bull in France, and Siemens in Germany.

Primarily influenced by John Cage's Experimental Music Composition classes at the New School for Social Research and an emerging interest in eastern philosophy, a number of avant-garde artists in New York were beginning to run parallel and competing happenings at the beginning of the 1960s.

The ME / MTech / MSc Engg programs in India are usually structured as an Engineering Research degree, lesser than Ph. D and considered to be parallel to M. Phil.

SPMD was proposed in 1984 by Frederica Darema at IBM for highly parallel machines like the RP3 ( the IBM Research Parallel Processor Prototype ), in an unpublished IBM memo By late 1980s, there were many distributed computers with proprietary message passing libraries.

Research was proceeding along parallel lines across the Atlantic.

The SSS project started after a Supercomputing Research Center ( SRC ) engineer, Ken Iobst, noticed a novel way to implement a parallel computer.

Copycat is a model of analogy making and human cognition based on the concept of the parallel terraced scan, developed in 1988 by Douglas Hofstadter, Melanie Mitchell, and others at the Center for Research on Concepts and Cognition, Indiana University Bloomington.

It crosses the Colorado River near downtown Austin, then running parallel to the Balcones Fault and the Missouri-Pacific Railroad before intersects US 183 ( Research Boulevard ) northwest of downtown.

She headed a Max-Planck Institute Research Unit at DESY in Hamburg, Germany ( 1986 – 2004 ) in parallel to her research activities at the Weizmann Institute.

It was devised by Moshé M. Zloof at IBM Research during the mid 1970s, in parallel to the development of SQL.

This storm moved at peak intensity through the University of Maryland, College Park campus, and then moved parallel to I-95 through the Beltsville, Maryland, area, where the tornado caused extensive damage to greenhouses and other facilities of the USDA Beltsville Agricultural Research Center.

Research in the field of microbiomes shows that only a limited set of microbes cause tooth decay, with most of the bacteria in the human mouth being harmless.

Research on Bacillus subtilis has been at the forefront of bacterial molecular biology and cytology, and the organism is a model for differentiation, gene / protein regulation, and cell cycle events in bacteria.

Research in 2005 has shown that this rapid evolution of reproductive isolation may in fact be a relic of infection by Wolbachia bacteria.

A recent study by the Translational Genomics Research Institute showed that nearly half ( 47 %) of the meat and poultry in U. S. grocery stores were contaminated with S. aureus, with more than half ( 52 %) of those bacteria resistant to antibiotics.

Laboratory studies at the Biochemical Materials Research and Development Center of Jiaxing College, China, have shown silver-containing alginate fibres provide a sustained release of silver ions when in contact with wound exudates, and are “ highly effective against bacteria ”.

Boyer worked with Arthur Riggs and Keiichi Itakura from the Beckman Research Institute, and the group became the first to successfully express a human gene in bacteria when they produced the hormone somatostatin in 1977.

Research into how bacteria invade and enter the memingeal layers is the next step in prevention of the progression of meningitis.

Research farms are for leprosy bacteria, for prawn and edible fish culture, and for animal feed safety.

Some scientists of Defence Research and Development Organisation who went on an expedition to Antarctica are also working to produce a bacteria that can dwell in extreme weather conditions and can be helpful in decomposing the biodegradable waste naturally.

Research indicates the inflammation occurring at the die-off of adult heartworms or larvae is in part due to the release of Wolbachia bacteria or protein into the tissues.

Research is underway at the Sanger Institute into the genomes of pathogens including many bacteria, viruses and parasites.

Research has shown that certain chemicals emanating from bacteria in water containers stimulate the female mosquitoes to lay their eggs.