His colleague and former student Merritt Ruhlen ensured the publication of the final volume of his Eurasiatic work ( 2002 ) after his death.

Eurasiatic, a similar but not identical grouping, was proposed by Joseph Greenberg ( 2000 ) and endorsed by Merritt Ruhlen: it is taken as a subfamily of Nostratic by Bomhard ( 2008 ).

Merritt Ruhlen and other supporters of the Eurasiatic proposal have held that the language families it includes have a distinctive grammatical pattern involving the use of a-t suffix to form plurals and a-k suffix to form duals.

Merritt Ruhlen writes that Eurasiatic is supported by the existence of a grammatical pattern " whereby plurals of nouns are formed by suffixing-t to the noun root ... whereas duals of nouns are formed by suffixing-k ." Rasmus Rask noted this grammatical pattern in the groups now called Uralic and Eskimo – Aleut as early as 1818, but it can also be found in Altaic, Ainu, Gilyak, and Chukchi – Kamchatkan, all of which Greenberg placed in Eurasiatic.

According to Ruhlen, this pattern is not found in language families or languages outside Eurasiatic.

Ruhlen presents the following roots for Eurasiatic: kʷi ( what?

Merritt Ruhlen suggests that the geographical distribution of Eurasiatic shows that it and the Dené – Caucasian family are the result of separate migrations.

* Dené – Caucasian superfamily: Based on the possible Caucasian link, some linguists, for example John Bengtson and Merritt Ruhlen, have proposed including Basque in the Dené – Caucasian superfamily of languages, but this proposed superfamily includes languages from North America and Eurasia, and its existence is highly controversial.

Merritt Ruhlen notes that this definition is not properly taxonomic but amorphous, since there are broader and narrower degrees of relatedness, and moreover, some linguists who broadly accept the concept ( such as Greenberg and Ruhlen himself ) have criticised the name as reflecting the ethnocentrism frequent among Europeans at the time.

The best-known such vocabulary list is that of John Bengtson and Merritt Ruhlen ( 1994 ), who identify 27 " global etymologies ".

Ruhlen writes that Wurm's Trans – New Guinea languages family includes about 70 percent of the languages Greenberg included in Indo-Pacific, though the internal classification is entirely different.

Merritt Ruhlen comments that, " At the present time the evidence connecting Indo-Pacific to the world's other language families is sparse, comparable perhaps to the relatively weak links between Khoisan and other families ", but adds that "... there do appear to be some threads connecting Indo-Pacific with the world's other language families, threads that further research can be expected to strengthen.

Linguist Edward Sapir classified Haida as one of the Na-Dené languages in 1915, a position later supported by others, notably Pinnow, Greenberg, Enrico, Ruhlen, Manaster Ramer, and Bengtson ( cf.

Some linguists ( e. g. Ruhlen 1994 ) claim that this difficulty can be overcome by means of mass comparison and internal reconstruction ( cf.

Hungarian intellectuals especially were not interested in the theory and preferred to assume connections with Turkic tribes, an attitude characterized by Ruhlen ( 1987 ) as due to " the wild unfettered Romanticism of the epoch ".

Linguist William Poser in Language Log has criticized some of Cavalli-Sforza's comments about linguistics, in particular the suggestion, echoing controversial linguists Merritt Ruhlen and Joseph Greenberg, that some mainstream linguists are unnecessarily conservative about hypothesized long-range relationships between language families, and an overstatement that Greenberg's critics " have ruled out the possibility of hierarchical classification ", which Cavalli-Sforza did not defend when challenged by Poser, but deferred to Ruhlen.

* Hosted by: Staggering Geniuses ( Amanda O ' Connor, Mark L. Gottlieb, Sean Trowbridge, Mike Selinker, Matt Ruhlen, Greg Lewis, Jason Alcock, Matt Dixon, Ron Giesen, Matt Jones, Chris McBride, and Chris Pearo )

According to Merritt Ruhlen, " In 1971 Greenberg presented evidence that the non-Austronesian languages of New Guinea – as well as certain languages on islands to the east and west of New Guinea – belong to an extremely diverse and ancient family that he named Indo-Pacific.

Vajda's ideas on the relationship of Athabaskan – Eyak – Tlingit and Yeniseian have found support independently in works of various authors, including Heinrich K. Werner or Merritt Ruhlen.

Greenberg also has his supporters, among them the American linguists Merritt Ruhlen and Allan Bomhard and the Dutch linguist Frederik Kortlandt.

* Ruhlen, Merritt.

Most treatments of the subject do not include a name for the language under consideration ( e. g. Bengtson and Ruhlen 1994 ).

Merritt Ruhlen has been using the term Proto-Sapiens.

Notable living American advocates of linguistic monogenesis are Merritt Ruhlen, John Bengtson, and Harold Fleming.

The following table, adapted from Ruhlen ( 1994b ), lists a selection of these forms.

* Ruhlen, Merritt.

* P. Whitehouse, T. Usher, M. Ruhlen & William S .- Y.

Studies on human subjects who were administered two commercially available black cohosh preparations did not detect estrogenic effects on the breast .< ref name =" Ruhlen et al.

Ruhlen has attempted to broadly outline the history of the migrations that he believes produced Indo-Pacific and the world's other language families.

Analogously, anyone who argues that Einstein's theory of gravitation is simpler than Newton's, must say rather more to explain how it is that the latter is mastered by student-physicists, while the former can be managed ( with difficulty ) only by accomplished experts.

Proceeding from Parry's conclusions and adopting one of his schemata, Francis P. Magoun, Jr., argues that Beowulf likewise was created from a legacy of oral formulas inherited and extended by bards of successive generations, and the thesis is striking and compelling.

One of the greatest Homerists of our time, Frederick M. Combellack, argues that when it is assumed The Iliad and The Odyssey are oral poems, the postulated single redactor called Homer cannot be either credited with or denied originality in choice of phrasing.

The statement is often made that when Bultmann argues in this way, he `` overestimates the intellectual stumbling-block which myth is supposed to put in the way of accepting the Christian faith ''.

Anthony Steel, as the husband, is a jealous type who argues against her course and sues for divorce, labeling her action adulterous.

Daniel Batson is a psychologist who examined this question and argues against the social exchange theory.

While Swift ’ s proposal is obviously not a serious economic proposal, George Wittkowsky, author of " Swift ’ s Modest Proposal: The Biography of an Early Georgian Pamphlet ", argues that to understand the piece fully, it is important to understand the economics of Swift ’ s time.

Swift however, Landa argues, is not merely criticizing economic maxims but also addressing the fact that England was denying Irish citizens their natural rights and dehumanizing them by viewing them as a mere commodity.

Michel Foucault argues in his essay " What is an author?

He argues that because a child's suffering is so horrible and cannot easily be ex-plained, it forces people into a crucial test of faith: either we must believe everything or we must deny everything, and who, Paneloux asks, could bear to do the latter?

On Fate is a treatise in which Alexander argues against the Stoic doctrine of necessity.

His friend argues that, though it is possible to trace a cause from an effect, it is not possible to infer unseen effects from a cause thus traced.

Nichola Everitt argues that much moral guidance is unattainable, such as the Biblical command to be Christ-like.

American philosopher Michael Martin argues that it is not necessarily true that objective moral truths must entail the existence of God, suggesting that there could be alternative explanations: he argues that naturalism may be an acceptable explanation and, even if a supernatural explanation is necessary, it does not have to be God ( polytheism is a viable alternative ).

Even if a supernatural cause is required, he argues, it could be something other than God ; this would mean that the phenomena of the conscience is no more supportive of monotheism than polytheism.