They were able to synthesize a molecule that mimics the proapoptotic protein called SMAC ( whose function is described in biochemical execution of apoptosis ).

The proapoptotic homodimers are required to make the mitochondrial membrane permeable for the release of caspase activators such as cytochrome c and SMAC.

On SMAC agar O157 colonies appear clear due to their inability to ferment sorbitol, while the colonies of the usual sorbitol-fermenting serotypes of E. coli appear red.

A new club at Magnet, which began in the 2007-08 school year, is the SMAC ( Student Movement Against Cancer ) club.

Since its inception, SMAC has become hugely successful, as evidenced by the success of UCMHS Relay for Life.

Clubs offered to students through both Magnet and the UCVTS district include Art Club, Bridge Building Club, Chess Club, Class Councils ( Freshman, Sophomore, Junior, and Senior ), Community Service Club ( and SMAC ), Dance Club, Drama Club ( and Tech Crew ), Future Business Leaders of America, French Club, French National Honor Society, Intramurals, Marine Corps Fitness Club, Math League, Multicultural Club, National Honor Society, News Club, Newspaper Club, Peer Mediation, Robotics Club, Science Olympiad, Spanish Club, Spanish National Honor Society, Student Council and Yearbook Club.

Additionally, students participate in Sunday morning football games, intramural sports, and pick-up Ultimate games, the Student Martial Arts Club ( SMAC ), the Weapons Handling and Combat Kakistocracy ( WHACK ) ( Olin's fencing club ), and other athletic organizations.

The Southwest Marketing Advisory Center ( SMAC ) is located on the campus of Southwest Minnesota State University.

At that period the foreign representatives Delchev and Petrov became by rights members of the leadership of the Supreme Committee and so BMARC even managed to gain de facto control of the SMAC.

Sometimes SMAC even clashed militarily with local SMARO bands as in the autumn of 1902.

The primary question regarding the timing of the uprising in Macedonia and Thrace implicated an apparent discordance not only among the SMAC and the SMARO, but also among the SMARO's leadership.

Soon afterwards SMARO, aided by SMAC organized the uprising against the Ottomans, which after the initial successes, was crushed with much loss of life.

Sabang Merauke Raya Air Charter ( SMAC ) is an airline based in Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia.

SMAC is listed in category 2 by Indonesian Civil Aviation Authority for airline safety quality.

* On February 12, 2011, five people were killed when a CASA C-212 Aviocar belonging to SMAC crashed on Bintan Island, Indonesia during a test flight.

It consists of 1 SMAC ( System Maintenance and Clocks ) card, up to 8 ALCs and up to 8 DLCs.

* A 25-pin RS232 connector for local access to the SMAC card's diagnostic logs.

Sudack recently partnered with longtime friend and former colleague Constance Schwartz ( Snoop Dogg, The Firm ) and former NFL star Michael Strahan to form SMAC Entertainment, a Los Angeles based talent management company focusing on music & sports.

Cockatoo Island, a former prison and shipyard, was used as a major new venue and won the Biennale a Sydney Music, Arts and Culture ( SMAC ) Award.

The 17th Biennale of Sydney ’ s SuperDeluxe @ Artspace programme which combined gallery, performance space and bar was awarded Best Arts Event by popular vote at the 2010 Sydney Music, Arts and Culture ( SMAC ) Awards as well as being a finalist in the Best Major Festival category.

Another prominent club within the school is SMAC ( Student Movement Against Cancer ) where students unite in an effort to find a cure for cancer by raising funds for research.

cro ; ( Control of Repressor's Operator ) Transcription inhibitor, binds OR3, OR2 and OR1 ( affinity OR3 > OR2

cI ; ( Clear 1 ) Transcription inhibitor, binds OR1, OR2 and OR3 ( affinity OR1 > OR2 =

Protein binding can be extraordinarily tight and specific ; for example, the ribonuclease inhibitor protein binds to human angiogenin with a sub-femtomolar dissociation constant (< 10 < sup >− 15 </ sup > M ) but does not bind at all to its amphibian homolog onconase (> 1 M ).

Heparin and warfarin are often used to inhibit the formation and growth of existing thrombi ; the former binds to and activates the enzyme inhibitor antithrombin III, while the latter inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase, an enzyme needed to synthesize mature clotting factors.

Fibrin specifically binds the activated coagulation factors factor Xa and thrombin and entraps them in the network of fibers, thus functioning as a temporary inhibitor of these enzymes, which stay active and can be released during fibrinolysis.

Another mechanism of protection is ribonuclease inhibitor ( RI ), which comprises a relatively large fraction of cellular protein (~ 0. 1 %) in some cell types, and which binds to certain ribonucleases with the highest affinity of any protein-protein interaction ; the dissociation constant for the RI-RNase A complex is ~ 20 fM under physiological conditions.

* Enzyme inhibitor, a substance that binds to an enzyme and decreases the enzyme's activity

Malonate is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase: malonate binds to the active site of the enzyme without reacting, and so competes with succinate, the usual substrate of the enzyme.

A further safeguard against inappropriate trypsin activation is the presence of inhibitors such as bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor ( BPTI ) and serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 1 ( SPINK1 ) which binds to any trypsin formed.

In mixed inhibition, the inhibitor binds to an allosteric site, i. e. a site different from the active site where the substrate binds.

In other words, a downstream target of photoreceptor-induced signaling binds and activates the inhibitor of signaling, GAP.

Non-competitive inhibition is a type of enzyme inhibition where the inhibitor reduces the activity of the enzyme and binds equally well to the enzyme whether or not it has already bound the substrate.

This can be seen as a consequence of Le Chatelier's Principle because the inhibitor binds to both the enzyme and the enzyme-substrate complex equally so that the equilibrium is maintained.

* Methionine Sulfoximine ( MSO ): MSO is an inhibitor that binds to the glutamate site.

* Phosphinothricin ( PPT, Glufosinate ): Phosphinothricin is an inhibitor that binds to the glutamate site.

The inhibitor binds to the active site where it is modified by the enzyme to produce a reactive group that reacts irreversibly to form a stable inhibitor-enzyme complex.

Cytochrome c binds to cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane, thus anchoring its presence and keeping it from releasing out of the mitochondria and initiating apoptosis.

CD134 is predominately found on activated T cells and binds to OX40 ligand causing T-cell stimulation, proliferation, activation, and apoptosis ( 3 ).

HPV E7 binds to retinoblastoma tumor suppressing proteins and limits its ability to control cell division.

Calreticulin binds to misfolded proteins and prevents them from being exported from the Endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.

This network is organized into lining similar to mesh called the nuclear lamina, which binds to chromatin, integral membrane proteins, and other nuclear components along the inner surface of the nucleus.

# Normally RecA * binds LexA ( a transcription repressor ), activating LexA auto-protease activity, which destroys LexA repressor allowing production of DNA repair proteins.

Larger proteins can enter the mitochondrion if a signaling sequence at their N-terminus binds to a large multisubunit protein called translocase of the outer membrane, which then actively moves them across the membrane.

The 19S particle in eukaryotes consists of 19 individual proteins and is divisible into two subassemblies, a 10-protein base that binds directly to the α ring of the 20S core particle, and a 9-protein lid where polyubiquitin is bound.

Hsp70, on the other hand, binds exposed hydrophobic patches on the surface of misfolded proteins and recruits E3 ubiquitin ligases such as CHIP to tag the proteins for proteasomal degradation.

The presequence translocase23 ( TIM23 ) is localized to the mitochondial inner membrane and acts a pore forming protein which binds precursor proteins with its N-terminal.

ZP3, one of the proteins that make up the zona pellucida, then binds to a partner molecule on the sperm.

:* E Complex-U1 binds to the GU sequence at the 5 ' splice site, along with accessory proteins / enzymes ASF / SF2, U2AF ( binds at the Py-AG site ), SF1 / BBP ( BBP = Branch Binding Protein );

Receptor tyrosine kinases ( RTKs ) are transmembrane proteins with an intracellular kinase domain and an extracellular domain that binds ligands ; examples include growth factor receptors such as the insulin receptor.

YopH also binds the p85 subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, the Gab1, the Gab2 adapter proteins, and the Vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor.

< li > Before it binds with an androgen, the androgen receptor is bound to heat shock proteins.

In this second case, the insulin binds with the proteins that are supposed to tag antigens ( substances or fragments of cells ) which are foreign to the body ( i. e., antibodies ).

A tannin ( also known as vegetable tannin, natural organic tannins or sometimes tannoid, i. e. a type of biomolecule, as opposed to modern synthetic tannin ) is an astringent, bitter plant polyphenolic compound that binds to and precipitates proteins and various other organic compounds including amino acids and alkaloids.

ABA binds to receptor proteins in the guard cells ' plasma membrane and cytosol, which first raises the pH of the cytosol of the cells and cause the concentration of free Ca < sup > 2 +</ sup > to increase in the cytosol due to influx from outside the cell and release of Ca < sup > 2 +</ sup > from internal stores such as the endoplasmic reticulum and vacuoles.

Oxygen ( O2 ) nitric oxide ( NO ), carbon monoxide ( CO ) and hydrogen sulfide ( H2S ) binds to the iron atom in heme proteins.

It is an anionic dye, which non-specifically binds to proteins.

Fibronectin is a high-molecular weight (~ 440kDa ) glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix that binds to membrane-spanning receptor proteins called integrins.

Besides integrin, fibronectin binds to many other host and non-host proteins.

Both varieties of membrane are chosen for their non-specific protein binding properties ( i. e. binds all proteins equally well ).

Many of the proteins that CaM binds are unable to bind calcium themselves, and use CaM as a calcium sensor and signal transducer.