Saʻadiah ben Yosef Gaon ( Saadia Gaon ) identifies the definitive trait of " a cock girded about the loins " within Proverbs 30: 31 ( Douay – Rheims Bible ) as " the honesty of their behavior and their success ", identifying a spiritual purpose of a religious vessel within that religious and spiritual instilling schema of purpose and use, within Judeo-Christian traditions.

Saʻadiah ben Yosef Gaon ( Saadia Gaon ) identified the definitive trait of " a cock girded about the loins " within Proverbs 30: 31 ( Douay – Rheims Bible ) as " the honesty of their behavior and their success ", identifying a spiritual purpose of a religious vessel within that religious and spiritual instilling schema of purpose and use.

" The renowned Jewish scholar and writer Saadya ( Saʻadiah ben Yosef Gaon, 882-942 ), born in Upper Egypt ( Fayum ) and educated in Fustat ( Old Cairo ), translated the Bible into Arabic.

Abrahams, and Rabbi Saʻadiah ben Yosef Gaon ( Saadya ), 882-942, state that the mysterious onycha, an ingredient in the holy incense ( ketoret ) mentioned in the Old Testament, ( Exodus 30: 34-36 ), was actually labdanum.

In this work, Heschel views the 2nd century sages Rabbis Akiva ben Yosef and Ishmael ben Elisha as paradigms for the two dominant world-views in Jewish theology

Titus Flavius Josephus ( 37 – 100 ), also called Joseph ben Matityahu ( Biblical Hebrew: יוסף בן מתתיהו, Yosef ben Matityahu ), was a 1st-century Romano-Jewish historian and hagiographer who was born in Jerusalem-then part of Roman Judea-to a father of priestly descent and a mother who claimed royal ancestry.

Joseph ben Ephraim Karo, also spelled Yosef Caro, or Qaro, ( Toledo, 1488 – Safed, 1575 ) was author of the last great codification of Jewish law, the Shulchan Aruch, which is still authoritative for all Jews pertaining to their respective communities.

The Shulchan Aruch ( and its forerunner, the Beit Yosef ) follow the same structure as Arba ' ah Turim by Rabbi Jacob ben Asher.

Shmuel Ha-Nagid, Hasdai Ibn Shaprut, and Rabbi Moshe ben Hanoch founded the Lucena Yeshiva that produced such brilliant scholars as Rabbi Yitzhak ibn Ghiath and Rabbi Maimon ben Yosef ( father of Maimonides ).

Bahye ben Yosef Ibn Paquda, of Zaragoza, was author of the first Jewish system of ethics Al Hidayah ila Faraid al-hulub, (" Guide to the Duties of the Heart ").

He was a student of his father, Rabbi Maimon ben Yosef ( a student of Joseph ibn Migash ) in Cordoba, Spain.

Isaac Abravanel was born and raised in Lisbon ; a student of the Rabbi of Lisbon, Yosef ben Shlomo Ibn Yahya.

Similarly, the symbol illuminates a medieval Tanakh manuscript dated 1307 belonging to Rabbi Yosef bar Yehuda ben Marvas from Toledo, Spain.

Later codes of Jewish law, e. g. Arba ' ah Turim by Rabbi Jacob ben Asher and Shulchan Aruch by Rabbi Yosef Karo, draw heavily on Maimonides ' work, and in both whole sections are often quoted verbatim.

Haim Yosef David Azulai ben Isaac Zerachia ( 1724 – 1 March 1806 ) ( Hebrew: חיים יוסף דוד אזולאי ), commonly known as the Hida ( by the acronym of his name, חיד " א ), was a Jerusalem born rabbinical scholar, a noted bibliophile, and a pioneer in the publication of Jewish religious writings.

Thus, Jacob ben Asher is referred to as the Ṭur or the Ba ' al ha-Ṭurim ; Joseph Caro is known as the Bet Yosef ; and Ezekiel Landau as Noda ' bi-Yehudah ; while even more frequently were authors known by contracted forms of their names, with the addition of some honorary prefix, as given above.

Yonatan ben Yosef ( born 696, date of death unknown ) was a Talmudic rabbi.

The religious practice is mentioned for the first time by Natronai ben Hilai, Gaon of the Academy of Sura in Babylonia, in 853 C. E., who describes it as a custom of the Babylonian Jews and further explained by Jewish scholars in the ninth century by that since the Hebrew word geber ( Gever ) means both " man " and " rooster " the rooster may act or serve as a palpable substitute as a religious vessel in place of the man with the practice also having been as a custom of the Persian Jews.

The most important writers are Yose ben Yoseh, probably in the 6th century, chiefly known for his compositions for Yom Kippur ; Eleazar Kalir, the founder of the payyetanic style, perhaps in the 7th century ; Saadia Gaon ; and the Spanish school, consisting of Joseph ibn Abitur ( died in 970 ), ibn Gabirol, Isaac Gayyath, Moses ibn Ezra, Abraham ibn Ezra and Judah ha-Levi, Moses ben Nahman ( Nahmanides ) and Isaac Luria.

It was also an important resource in the study of the Babylonian Talmud by the Kairouan school of Hananel ben Hushiel and Nissim Gaon, with the result that opinions ultimately based on the Jerusalem Talmud found their way into both the Tosafot and the Mishneh Torah of Maimonides.

Philoponus ' arguments against an infinite past were used by the early Muslim philosopher, Al-Kindi ( Alkindus ); the Jewish philosopher, Saadia Gaon ( Saadia ben Joseph ); and the Muslim theologian, Al-Ghazali ( Algazel ).

* 9th-12th centuries — Al-Kindi ( Alkindus ), Saadia Gaon ( Saadia ben Joseph ) and Al-Ghazali ( Algazel ) support a universe that has a finite past and develop two logical arguments against the notion of an infinite past, one of which is later adopted by Immanuel Kant

Despite the rivalry of ben Naphtali and the opposition of Saadia Gaon, the most eminent representative of the Babylonian school of criticism, ben Asher's codex became recognized as the standard text of the Bible.

* Sefat Yeter, in defense of Saadia Gaon against Dunash ben Labrat, whose criticism of Saadia, Ibn Ezra had brought with him from Egypt ; published by Bislichs 1838 and Lippmann 1843.

Scholars suggest that Maimonides instigated the Maimonidean Controversy when he verbally attacked Samuel ben Ali Ha-Levi al-Dastur (" Gaon of Baghdad ") as " one whom people accustom from his youth to believe that there is none like him in his generation ," and he sharply attack the " monetary demands " of the academies.

Hoter ben Shlomo was a scholar and philosopher in Yemen heavily influenced by Nethanel ben al-Fayyumi, Maimonides, Saadia Gaon and al-Ghazali.

Saadia Gaon, David ben Merwan al-Mukkamas, Maimonides, and Thomas Aquinas, to name a few, knew of at least some of the Mutazilite work, particularly Avicennism and Averroism, and the Renaissance and the use of empirical methods were inspired at least in part by Arabic translations of Greek, Jewish, Persian and Egyptian works translated into Latin during the Renaissance of the 12th century, and taken during the Reconquista in 1492.

However, the most sophisticated medieval arguments against an infinite past were developed by the Islamic philosopher, Al-Kindi ( Alkindus ); the Jewish philosopher, Saadia Gaon ( Saadia ben Joseph ); and the Islamic theologian, Al-Ghazali ( Algazel ).

His reasoning was adopted by many, most notably ; Muslim philosopher, Al-Kindi ( Alkindus ); the Jewish philosopher, Saadia Gaon ( Saadia ben Joseph ); and the Muslim theologian, Al-Ghazali ( Algazel ).

While such scholars as Rabbi Saadia Gaon, Rabbi Bahya ibn Paquda, and Rabbi Yehuda Halevi elaborated on proper monotheism and the issues of idolatry, without a doubt Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon ( Maimonides ) was the most thorough in his elucidation of monotheism and the problems of idolatry.

) By the 12th century, as a result of the efforts of Babylonian leaders such as Yehudai Gaon and Pirqoi ben Baboi, the communities of Palestine, and Diaspora communities such as Kairouan which had historically followed Palestinian usages, had adopted Babylonian rulings in most respects, and Babylonian authority was accepted by Jews throughout the Arabic-speaking world.

Early attempts at standardizing the liturgy which have been preserved include, in chronological order, those of Amram Gaon, Saadia Gaon, Shelomoh ben Natan of Sijilmasa ( in Morocco ) and Maimonides.

oc: Abraam ben Meir bin Ezra

Similar to Jewish names, the " ben " is in place by " bin " or " ibn " for males, " binte ", " binti " or " ibnu " for females to Muslims.

* ben or bin before 1300 BC.

Isaac ibn Ezra ( son of Abraham ibn Ezra ibn Shaprut ), had a son named Hasdai ben Isaac ibn ezra bn Shaprut ( Abu Yusuf ben Yitzhak bin Ezra ibn Shaprut ).

Yehuda Alharizi, also Judah ben Solomon Harizi or al-Harizi (, Yehudah ben Shelomo al-Harizi,, Yahya bin Sulaiman bin Sha ' ul abu Zakaria al-Harizi al-Yahudi min ahl Tulaitila ) was a rabbi, translator, poet and traveller active in Spain in the Middle Ages ( in Toledo?

Rabbi Moses ben Jacob ibn Ezra, known as ha-Sallah (" writer of penitential prayers ") (, Abu Harun Musa bin Ya ' acub ibn Ezra, ,) was a Jewish, Spanish philosopher, linguist, and poet.

Samuel ibn Naghrela (, Sh ' muel HaLevi ben Yosef HaNagid ; Abu Iṣḥāq Ismā ‘ īl bin an-Naghrīlah ), also known as Samuel HaNagid (, Shmuel HaNagid, lit.

Abu al-Husayn Ahmad bin Yahya ben Isaac al-Rawandi was born in راوند Rawand in Kashan, today located in Central Iran or some say in Marv-rud in Greater Khorasan, today located in northwest Afghanistan, about the year 815 CE.

Mohammed Ahmed bin Sulayem or Mohammed ben Sulayem ( born 1961 ) is a UAE champion rally driver who lives in Dubai and is one the Arab world's most famous sportsmen.

While his official name is Mohammed bin Sulayem he is commonly referred to as " Mohammed ben Sulayem ".