Its Indo-European origins are confirmed by the many cognate words in other Indo-European languages: It is cognate with Greek πέρδομαι ( perdomai ), Latin pēdĕre, Sanskrit pardate, Avestan pərəδaiti, Italian pettare, French " péter ", Russian пердеть ( perdet ') and Polish " pierd " << PIE * perd wind loudly or * pezd same, softly, all of which mean the same thing.

His chief activity, however, centred on the elaboration of his Comparative Grammar, which appeared in six parts at considerable intervals ( Berlin, 1833, 1835, 1842, 1847, 1849, 1852 ), under the title Vergleichende Grammatik des Sanskrit, Zend, Griechischen, Lateinischen, Litthauischen, Altslawischen, Gotischen und Deutschen ( Comparative Grammar of Sanskrit, Zend ( Avestan ), Greek, Latin, Lithuanian, Old Slavonic, Gothic and German ).

The oldest attested Indo-Iranian languages are Vedic Sanskrit ( ancient Indo-Aryan ), Older and Younger Avestan and Old Persian ( ancient Iranian languages ).

The royal title ro-ja is read on several documents, including on stone libation tables from the sanctuaries, where it follows the name of the main god, Asirai ( the equivalent of Sanskrit Asura, and of Avestan Ahura ).

The root bod-has been generally analyzed as containing the PIE base * bhu ( n ) d ( h )- seen in Sanskrit budhnah and Avestan buna-" bottom ", Greek pythmen " foundation ", Latin fundus " bottom ", Old Irish bond " sole of the foot ".

Welsh dwy, Latin, Lithuanian diẽvas, Sanskrit, Avestan daēvō " demon ").

The Helmand historically besides Avestan Haetumant bore the name Haraxvaiti, which is the Avestan form cognate to Sanskrit Sarasvati.

Avestan aŋhū " lord ; lifetime ", ahura " godhood ", Sanskrit ásu " life force ", ásura " god " (< *)).

Both the Avestan and Sanskrit words reflect Proto-Indo-Iranian * mazdhā -, from Proto-Indo-European, literally meaning " placing () one's mind ()", hence " wise ".

This term also gave Lithuanian žąsìs, Irish gé ( goose, from Old Irish géiss ), Latin anser, Greek chēn, Albanian gatë ( heron ), Sanskrit hamsī, Finnish hanhi, Avestan zāō, Polish gęś, Russian гусь, Czech husa, and Persian ghāz.

By 20 he could also speak Latin, Greek, Hebrew, Amharic, Sanskrit, Avestan, Pahlavi, Arabic, Syriac, Chaldean, Persian and Ge ' ez in addition to his native French.

The word " satrap " is from Avestan roots which is in turn derived from Sanskrit word Kṣatriya क ् षत ् र ि य.

The word is cognate with the Hindu term Devi meaning goddess ( masculine Deva meaning god ) which in turn originates from the ancient Sanskrit language, one of the earliest Indo-European languages ; the word is also cognate with the Avestan term denoting the Zoroastrian concept of the Daevas and with the Lithuanian word deivė, meaning a female deity.

Soma ( Sanskrit स ो म sóma ), or Haoma ( Avestan ), from Proto-Indo-Iranian * sauma -, was a ritual drink of importance among the early Indo-Iranians, and the subsequent Vedic and greater Persian cultures.

Apām Napāt in Sanskrit and Apąm Napāt in Avestan mean " grandson of waters " ( see Ap ( water )).

Both Avestan haoma and Sanskrit soma derived from proto-Indo-Iranian * sauma.

The name comes from Avestan Haētumant, literally " dammed, having a dam ", cognate with Sanskrit Setumanta " having a dam ", which referred to the Helmand River and the irrigated areas around it.

Sanskrit " yana -" or Avestan " yah -", likewise with Latin " i -" and Greek " ei -".).

He was also familiar with Sanskrit, Latin, Greek, Pahlavi, Avestan, Turkish and Italian, which he used for etymological studies.

Unlike her Indian cognante Saraswati ( the Sanskrit version of the Avestan word Harauhuti both words meaning the Indus River ), who was to the Indians, a goddess, Hariti to the Iranic Gandharans was originally a cannibalistic daeva or demon.

Old Church Slavonic, Avestan, Coptic, Biblical Hebrew, New Testament Greek, Ge ' ez, Ardhamagadhi, Pali, Sanskrit and Latin are among the many dead languages used as sacred languages.

Avestan vəhrkō, Gilaki and Mazandarani Verk, Modern Persian gorg, and Sanskrit Vŗka ( व ृ क ).

This thesis is supported by the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, explaining that the Turko-Mongol name Timur underwent a similar evolution, from the Sanskrit word cimara (" iron ") via a modified version * čimr to the final Turkicized version timür, with-ür replacing-r due to the Turkish vowel harmony ( hence babr → babür ).

Quite a few of the names mean " five-six " in different languages, including both the robot Fisi ( fi-si ), the dead Lady Panc Ashash ( in Sanskrit " pañcha " is " five " and " ṣaṣ " is " six "), Limaono ( lima-ono, both in Hawaiian and / or Fijian ), Englok ( ng < sup > 5 </ sup >- luk < sup > 6 </ sup > < nowiki >- wikt: 六 # Cantonese | 六 < nowiki ></ nowiki >, in Cantonese ), Goroke ( go-roku < nowiki >- wikt: 六 # Japanese | 六 < nowiki ></ nowiki >, Japanese ) and Femtiosex (" fifty-six " in Swedish ) in " The Dead Lady of Clown Town " as well as the main character in " Think Blue, Count Two ", Veesey-koosey, which is an English transcription of the Finnish words " viisi " ( five ) and " kuusi " ( six ).

Languages such as Ancient Greek, Latin, and Sanskrit had ways of altering or inflecting nouns to mark roles which are not specially marked in English, such as the ablative case (" John kicked the ball away from the house ") and the instrumental case (" John kicked the ball with his foot ").

The Old Irish sam (' summer ') is from Proto-Indo-European language ( PIE ) * semo -; cognates are Welsh haf, Breton hañv, English summer and Old Norse language sumar, all meaning ' summer ', and the Sanskrit sáma (" season ").

Sumatra was known in ancient times by the Sanskrit names of Swarnadwīpa (" Island of Gold ") and Swarnabhūmi (" Land of Gold "), because of the gold deposits of the island's highland.

The term " Sikh " has its origin in Sanskrit term श ि ष ् य (), meaning disciple, student, or श ि क ् ष () (" instruction ").

In Rudraṭa's Kavyalankara ( 5. 15 ), a Sanskrit work on Poetics, the pattern of a knight's tour on a half-board has been presented as an elaborate poetic figure (" citra-alaṅkāra ") called the " turagapadabandha " or ' arrangement in the steps of a horse.

The word " deity " derives from the Latin " dea ", (" goddess "), and " deus ", (" god "), and other Indo-European roots such as from the Sanskrit " deva ", (" god "), " devi ", (" goddess "), " divya ", (" transcendental ", " spiritual ").

Related are words for " sky ": the Latin " dies " (" day ") and " divum " (" open sky "), and the Sanskrit " div ," " diu " (" sky ," " day ," " shine ").

Nagarjuna ( c. 150-250 CE ), the founder of the Madhyamika (" Middle Way ") developed an analysis known as the catuskoti ( Sanskrit ).

DA (" give ") + + + + + → dadaami ( the da at the beginning is from reduplication, a characteristic of class 3 verbs in Sanskrit )

The word origin of māyā is derived from the Sanskrit roots ma (" not ") and ya, generally translated as an indicative article meaning " that ".

Ops is also related to the Sanskrit word ápnas (" goods, property ").

In Hinduism, Anala (" fire " in Sanskrit ) is one of the Vasus, gods of the material world.

" Satyagraha " is a Tatpuruṣa compound of the Sanskrit words satya ( meaning " truth ") and Agraha (" insistence ", or " holding firmly to ").

Carter V. Findley notes that the term böri is probably derived from one of the Indo-European Iranian languages of Central Asia, while the title beg is certainly derived from the Sogdian baga (" lord "), a cognate of Middle Persian baγ ( as used by the rulers of the Sassanid Empire ), as well as Sanskrit bhaga and Russian bog.

In publications of 1647 and 1654, Marcus van Boxhorn first described a rigid methodology for historical linguistic comparisons and proposed the existence of an Indo-European proto-language ( which he called " Scythian ") unrelated to Hebrew, but ancestral to Germanic, Greek, Romance, Persian, Sanskrit, Slavic, Celtic and Baltic languages.

The word " Emerald " is derived ( via Old French: Esmeraude and Middle English: Emeraude ), from Vulgar Latin: Esmaralda / Esmaraldus, a variant of Latin Smaragdus, which originated in Greek: σμάραγδος ( smaragdos ; " green gem "); its original source being either the Sanskrit word मरकत marakata meaning " emerald " or the Semitic word baraq ( ב ָּ ר ָ ק ; الب ُ راق ; " lightning " or " shine ") ( cf.

The writer Aleister Crowley distinguished between two main types of egolessness, for which he used the Sanskrit terms Dhyana ( which means " meditation ") and Samadhi ( which he associated with the Nothing, or in Hebrew Ain ).

Sanskrit priyā " beloved ") and was known among many northern European cultures with slight name variations over time: e. g. Friggja in Sweden, Frīg ( genitive Frīge ) in Old English, and Fricka in Richard Wagner's operatic cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen.

The Himalayas, also Himalaya, ( or ; Sanskrit, hima ( snow ) + ālaya ( dwelling ), literally, " abode of the snow ") is a mountain range in Asia separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau.

Krishna ( Sanskrit: क ृ ष ् ण in IAST, pronounced literally " black, dark blue ") is a Hindu deity, a " complete " avatar ( or " incarnation ") of the preserver-god, Vishnu.

A specific hand gesture ( mudra ) called ( Sanskrit for "- hand ") is used to hold the drum.

The Garuda ( Sanskrit: गर ु ड, " eagle ") is a large mythical bird or bird-like creature that appears in both Hindu and Buddhist mythology.

A rook ( borrowed from Persian رخ rokh, Sanskrit रथ rath, " chariot ") is a piece in the strategy board game of chess.

The combination of areca nut with betel leaf is called tamul ( ত া ম ূ ল / " ত া ম ো ল ") in Assamese, kavala in Kannada, tambulam in Sanskrit, bajjai in Tulu, and paan in Hindi, Marathi, Punjabi, and Urdu.

A desa ( a term that derives from a Sanskrit word meaning " country " that is found in a name such as " Bangladesh ") is administered according to traditions and customary law ( adat ), while a kelurahan is administered along more " modern " principles.

A bandanna or bandana ( from the Sanskrit: बन ् धन bandhana, " to tie ") is a type of large, usually colorful, kerchief, usually worn on the head or around the neck of a person or pet and is not considered to be a hat.

( Sanskrit ny-āyá, literally " recursion ", used in the sense of " syllogism, inference ") is the name given to one of the six orthodox or astika schools of Hindu philosophy — specifically the school of logic.

The lingam ( also, linga, ling, Shiva linga, Shiv ling, Sanskrit ल ि ङ ् ग ं,, meaning " mark ", " sign ", " gender ", " phallus ", " inference " or " eternal procreative germ ") is a representation of the Hindu deity Shiva used for worship in temples.

Greek lygros " mournful, sad ," Sanskrit rujati " breaks, torments ," Lettish lauzit " to break the heart ")

Sanskrit pīvan, f. pīvarī and by-form pīvara, " fat, full, abounding ") hence meaning " fat land " or " land of abundance ", applied at an early date to the island of Ireland.