Scholars discuss historiography topically – such as the " historiography of Catholicism ", the " historiography of early Islam ", or the " historiography of China " – as well as specific approaches and genres, such as political history and social history.

Scholars and observers who do not believe that Islam is a political ideology include Fred Halliday, John Esposito and Muslim intellectuals like Javed Ahmad Ghamidi.

Scholars speculate that their identity as an independent ethnic group arose through contact with Central Asians, due to whom the Dongxiang converted to Sunni Islam in the 13th century.

* Scholars of Islam

The ' far-away light ' () is a reference to St Elmo's Fire, an electrical discharge supposed by ancient Greek mariners to be an epiphany of the Dioscuri, but the meaning of the line was obscured by gaps in the papyrus until reconstructed by a modern scholar — such reconstructions are typical of the extant poetry ( see Scholars, fragments and sources below ).

Scholars such as Dierk Lange attribute the decline of ancient Ghana to numerous unrelated factors, only one of which can be likely attributable to internal dynastic struggles that were instigated by Almalvorid influence and Islamic pressures, but devoid of any military conversion and conquest.

Scholars also suggest that the Deuteronomists also included the humorous and sometimes disparaging commentary found in the book such as the story of the Ephraimite who could not pronounce the word " shibboleth " correctly ( Judg.

Scholars such as Frederick W. Mote argue that the wide drop in numbers reflects an administrative failure to record rather than an actual decrease ; others such as Timothy Brook argue that the Mongols created a system of enserfment among a huge portion of the Chinese populace, causing many to disappear from the census altogether ; other historians like William McNeill and David Morgan argue that the Bubonic Plague was the main factor behind the demographic decline during this period.

Other Scholars, such as Elizabeth Dunn and Julia Elyachar have claimed that neoliberalism requires and creates its own form of governmentality.

Scholars such as J. N. Mohanty, Claire Ortiz Hill, and Guillermo E. Rosado Haddock, among others, have argued that Husserl's so-called change from psychologism to Platonism came about independently of Frege's review.

Scholars such as Fannie Ratchford and Derek Roper have attempted to piece together a Gondal storyline and chronology from these poems.

Scholars such as Goswin König and A. C. Bradley have estimated approximate dates of undated works of Shakespeare by studying the frequency of enjambment.

Scholars such as D. A. Carson, Douglas J. Moo, and Craig Blomberg, often agree with Robinson.

Tasmanian State League football features five clubs from Hobart, and other leagues such as Southern Football League and the Old Scholars Football Association are also played each Winter.

Scholars such as Claudia Setzer have noted the differences between the rationale for the death of John the Baptist presented by Josephus, and the theological variations ( e. g. whether immersion in water can result in the forgiveness of sins, etc.

Scholars defending Luke's authorship say there is no reason for early Christians to attribute these works to such a minor figure if he did not in fact write them, nor is there any tradition attributing this work to any other author.

Scholars such as Rosalind Clark hold that the names are unrelated, the Welsh " Morgan " ( Wales being the source of Arthurian legend ) being derived from root words associated with the sea, while the Irish " Morrígan " has its roots either in a word for " terror " or a word for " greatness ".

Scholars such as Hans Conzelmann and 20th century theologian John Knox dispute the historical reliability of the Acts of the Apostles .< ref >

The art of the novel reached a pinnacle in Cao Xueqin's Dream of the Red Chamber, but its combination of social commentary and psychological insight were echoed in highly skilled novels such as Wu Jingzi's The Scholars ( 1750 ) and Li Ruzhen's Flowers in the Mirror ( 1827 ).

Scholars such as Francis Bacon developed the study of " scientific rhetoric.

Scholars such as Helck think that the context was meant to be serious.

Scholars in the late 19th and early 20th century explored the generations of families the authors considered disreputable, such as the The Jukes family and the The Kallikak Family ( both were pseudonyms for real families ).

Scholars have connected the month event and Yule time period to the Wild Hunt ( a ghostly procession in the winter sky ), the god Odin ( who is attested in Germanic areas as leading the Wild Hunt and, as mentioned above, bears the name Jólnir ), and increased supernatural activity, such as the aforementioned Wild Hunt and the increased activities of draugar — undead beings who walk the earth.

Scholars disagree about the various, too often contradictory, accounts of his life given in sources from his era of history, such as the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Adam of Bremen's Gesta Hammaburgensis Ecclesiae Pontificum, and the Heimskringla, a 13th-century work by Icelandic author Snorri Sturluson.

Scholars such as Michel Graulich ( 2002 ) and Susan D. Gillespie ( 1989 ) maintain that the difficulties in salvaging actual historic data from the Aztec accounts of Toltec history are too great to overcome.

Sheikh Abdullah Al Ghraifi, the deputy head of the Islamic Scholars Council, gave a clear warning of the clerics ' intent: " We have at our disposition 150, 000 votes that we will forward to the MPs, and I hope that they understand this message clearly.

In addition, he taught a year-long course on the American Constitution, religion, and government for the Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan Scholars Program ( outstanding undergraduate students in United Arab Emirates ’ institutions of higher learning who are selected for special academic and leadership opportunities ).

Even though Shi ’ ite Scholars admit that the Twelfth Imam is an actual person, the Eleventh Imam, Hasan al-Askari, was kept more or less a prisoner by the Abbasids in the camp at Samarra, about 100 kilometres north of Baghdad, and died there in 874 A. D at the age of twenty-eight.

Scholars have traditionally understood the Gospel of Thomas as a Gnostic text because it was found amongst other gnostic texts, it was understood as being prone to a Gnostic interpretation by the early Church, and the emphasis on knowledge as the key to salvation, particularly in Saying 1.

Each year, Scona is represented amongst Canada's National AP Scholars by students who score high grades on five or more AP exams.

Scholars debate why Rashi chose a particular Midrash to illustrate a point, or why he used certain words and phrases and not others.

Scholars inspired by Durkheim include Marcel Mauss, Maurice Halbwachs, Célestin Bouglé, Alfred Radcliffe-Brown, Talcott Parsons, Robert K. Merton, Jean Piaget, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Ferdinand de Saussure, Michel Foucault, Clifford Geertz, Peter Berger, Robert Bellah and others.

Scholars and journalists have adopted a variety of terms and classifications in describing Falun Gong, some of them more precise than others.

Scholars have based interpretations about the culture at Teotihuacan on archaeology, the murals that adorn the site ( and others, like the Wagner Murals, found in private collections ), and hieroglyphic inscriptions made by the Maya describing their encounters with Teotihuacano conquerors.

Students in the Scholars Academy Program are leaders in the community, show enthusiasm toward learning, compassion and integrity toward others, and inspire those around them.

Scholars are divided on the question of Burke ’ s association with the book thereafter, although many suggest that he continued to contribute to the history section and that he played a significant role in overseeing The Annual Register ’ s compilation until the 1790s, even though much of the editorial work by this stage was being done by others.

Morehouse is one of two black colleges in the country to produce Rhodes Scholars, and it is the alma mater of many African-American leaders, including Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., theologian Howard Thurman, filmmaker Spike Lee, actor Samuel L. Jackson, Olympic gold medalist Edwin Moses, musician Lil Jon, former Bank of America Chairman Walter E. Massey, the first African-American mayor of Atlanta, Maynard Jackson, former Secretary of Health and Human Services Louis W. Sullivan, and former United States Surgeon General David Satcher, among others.

Scholars differ on the number of authentic agrapha, some estimating as low as 7 as authentic, others as high as 18 among the more than 200, rendering them of little value altogether.

Fettes College thus opened with 53 pupils ( 40 were Foundation Scholars with 11 others boarding & 2 day pupils ).

It was considered by some of the Church Fathers as part of the New Testament but rejected as spurious or non-canonical by others, Scholars knew of the Didache through references in other texts, but the text itself had been lost.

Scholars have questioned the simplicity of the model, arguing that a number of demographic and psychological variables affect people's perceptions of fairness and interactions with others.

Scholars David Stuart, Stephen Houston, and others have found a different emblem glyph they believe provides a better representation of El Perú during the Late Classic.

Scholars, policymakers, and others have come up with a variety of proposals for how to reduce or eliminate working poverty.

Scholars have disagreed on the relationship between Wilkins's play and A Yorkshire Tragedy ; some of have seen one play as a source for the other, or even the work of the same author, while others regard the two dramas as essentially separate works.

In 1997, he established the Malone Family Foundation, which operates the Malone Scholars Program that provides scholarship endowments to select private schools throughout the United States after a rigorous research process of top schools, including Hopkins School, Waynflete School, and thirty-six others as of 2011.

Scholars attribute the actual writing of the gospels in Koine Greek to the Hellenized Christian population of Antioch, with authors such as St. Luke and others.

Every other day for ten days, the 220 participants attend ten-person workshops, where their writing is assessed by the faculty and others in the workshop, including Scholars and Fellows.

Scholars like Henry Gravrand as well as Cheikh Anta Diop ( who among others referred to it as the Serer cult of upright stones ) notes that, the steles of Roog are still built by modern day Serers though in a much smaller scale i. e. in people's homes.

Scholars such as al-Nawawi ( d. 676 / 1277 ) and Ibn Khaldun ( d. 808 / 1405 ) excluded the Sunan from the generally accepted books ; others replaced it with either the Muwaṭṭaʾ of Imām Mālik or with the Sunan ad-Dārimī.

Over the course of 2003-2004, Midland High produced 5 National Merit Finalists ( Jacque Butterfield and others ), 11 National Merit Commended Scholars, 3 National Hispanic Scholars, and 2 National Hispanic Honorable Mention Scholars.