The ' far-away light ' () is a reference to St Elmo's Fire, an electrical discharge supposed by ancient Greek mariners to be an epiphany of the Dioscuri, but the meaning of the line was obscured by gaps in the papyrus until reconstructed by a modern scholar — such reconstructions are typical of the extant poetry ( see Scholars, fragments and sources below ).

Scholars such as Dierk Lange attribute the decline of ancient Ghana to numerous unrelated factors, only one of which can be likely attributable to internal dynastic struggles that were instigated by Almalvorid influence and Islamic pressures, but devoid of any military conversion and conquest.

Scholars also suggest that the Deuteronomists also included the humorous and sometimes disparaging commentary found in the book such as the story of the Ephraimite who could not pronounce the word " shibboleth " correctly ( Judg.

Scholars such as Frederick W. Mote argue that the wide drop in numbers reflects an administrative failure to record rather than an actual decrease ; others such as Timothy Brook argue that the Mongols created a system of enserfment among a huge portion of the Chinese populace, causing many to disappear from the census altogether ; other historians like William McNeill and David Morgan argue that the Bubonic Plague was the main factor behind the demographic decline during this period.

Other Scholars, such as Elizabeth Dunn and Julia Elyachar have claimed that neoliberalism requires and creates its own form of governmentality.

Scholars such as J. N. Mohanty, Claire Ortiz Hill, and Guillermo E. Rosado Haddock, among others, have argued that Husserl's so-called change from psychologism to Platonism came about independently of Frege's review.

Scholars such as Fannie Ratchford and Derek Roper have attempted to piece together a Gondal storyline and chronology from these poems.

Scholars such as Goswin König and A. C. Bradley have estimated approximate dates of undated works of Shakespeare by studying the frequency of enjambment.

Scholars such as D. A. Carson, Douglas J. Moo, and Craig Blomberg, often agree with Robinson.

Scholars discuss historiography topically – such as the " historiography of Catholicism ", the " historiography of early Islam ", or the " historiography of China " – as well as specific approaches and genres, such as political history and social history.

Tasmanian State League football features five clubs from Hobart, and other leagues such as Southern Football League and the Old Scholars Football Association are also played each Winter.

Scholars of Islam, such as Sheikh al-Islam Imam Malik, and Imam Shafi amongst others, ruled that Islam disallowed homosexual activity and ordained capital punishment for a person guilty of it.

Scholars such as Claudia Setzer have noted the differences between the rationale for the death of John the Baptist presented by Josephus, and the theological variations ( e. g. whether immersion in water can result in the forgiveness of sins, etc.

Scholars defending Luke's authorship say there is no reason for early Christians to attribute these works to such a minor figure if he did not in fact write them, nor is there any tradition attributing this work to any other author.

Scholars such as Rosalind Clark hold that the names are unrelated, the Welsh " Morgan " ( Wales being the source of Arthurian legend ) being derived from root words associated with the sea, while the Irish " Morrígan " has its roots either in a word for " terror " or a word for " greatness ".

The art of the novel reached a pinnacle in Cao Xueqin's Dream of the Red Chamber, but its combination of social commentary and psychological insight were echoed in highly skilled novels such as Wu Jingzi's The Scholars ( 1750 ) and Li Ruzhen's Flowers in the Mirror ( 1827 ).

Scholars such as Francis Bacon developed the study of " scientific rhetoric.

Scholars such as Helck think that the context was meant to be serious.

Scholars in the late 19th and early 20th century explored the generations of families the authors considered disreputable, such as the The Jukes family and the The Kallikak Family ( both were pseudonyms for real families ).

Scholars have connected the month event and Yule time period to the Wild Hunt ( a ghostly procession in the winter sky ), the god Odin ( who is attested in Germanic areas as leading the Wild Hunt and, as mentioned above, bears the name Jólnir ), and increased supernatural activity, such as the aforementioned Wild Hunt and the increased activities of draugar — undead beings who walk the earth.

Scholars disagree about the various, too often contradictory, accounts of his life given in sources from his era of history, such as the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Adam of Bremen's Gesta Hammaburgensis Ecclesiae Pontificum, and the Heimskringla, a 13th-century work by Icelandic author Snorri Sturluson.

Scholars such as Michel Graulich ( 2002 ) and Susan D. Gillespie ( 1989 ) maintain that the difficulties in salvaging actual historic data from the Aztec accounts of Toltec history are too great to overcome.

* Opportunities and Constraints for the Disarmament and Repatriation of Foreign Armed Groups in the Democratic Republic of Congo ( with link to report, PowerPoint and video of presentation by Hans Romkema and Steve Bradley ) Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, September 2007, in particular p. 12

Scholars in the first half of the 20th century came to the conclusion that the Yahwist was produced in the monarchic period, specifically at the court of Solomon, and the Priestly work in the middle of the 5th century BC ( the author was even identified as Ezra ), but more recent thinking is that the Yahwist was written either just before or during the Babylonian exile of the 6th century, and the Priestly final edition was made late in the Exilic period or soon after.

Scholars consider the Hepburn Act the most important piece of legislation regarding railroads in the first half of the 20th century.

Scholars in the 19th and 20th centuries had relied upon Herodotus's account, but Sir Henry Layard's discoveries in the royal archives at Nineveh and Calah have enabled the study of new source material that is several centuries earlier than Herodotus's history.

In addition, Scholars receive a monthly maintenance stipend to cover accommodation and living expenses .< ref > Although all scholars become affiliated with a residential college while at Oxford, they also enjoy access to Rhodes House, an early 20th century mansion with numerous public rooms, gardens, a library, study areas, and other facilities.

Scholars of the 19th and early 20th century estimated about 2, 000 individuals at the time of European contact in the 15th century.

Scholars such as Carl Jung, Georges Dumezil, James Hillman and Claude Lévi-Strauss continued this tradition in the 20th century.

Scholars have however been very sceptical about the reliability of the legendary sagas, which led them to be discarded as of little value already in the early 20th century, even before the establishment of general source criticism.

Scholars at Memorial University of Newfoundland concluded that Newfoundland Irish became extinct during the 20th century.

2000 Outstanding Scholars of the 20th century — In honor of “ an outstanding contribution in the field of History and Literature.

Scholars speculate that the total Araucanian population may have numbered 1 million at most when the Spaniards arrived in the 1530s ; a century of European conquest and disease reduced that number by at least half.

Scholars argue over where Hebrews fits in the 1st century world.

Scholars have theorized about whether or not Freyja and the goddess Frigg ultimately stem from a single goddess common among the Germanic peoples ; about her connection to the valkyries, female battlefield choosers of the slain ; and her relation to other goddesses and figures in Germanic mythology, including the thrice-burnt and thrice-reborn Gullveig / Heiðr, the goddesses Gefjon, Skaði, Þorgerðr Hölgabrúðr and Irpa, Menglöð, and the 1st century BCE " Isis " of the Suebi.

Scholars also point to the silence of Photios as late as the 9th century, and the fact that he does not mention the Testimonium at all in his broad review of Josephus.

Scholars in almost every European nation continued to repeat and improve upon Saint Isidore's assertion of descent from Noah through Japheth into the nineteenth century.

Scholars of the 19th century used chemical means to read palimpsests that were sometimes very destructive, using tincture of gall or later, ammonium bisulfate.

Scholars of the 19th century tended to interpret these titles as the names of distinct works covering separate voyages ; for example, Smith's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology hypothesizes a voyage to Britain and Thule written about in " Ocean " and another from Cadiz to the Don river, written about in " Sail Around.

Scholars suggest the story of Ustad Isa was born of the eagerness of the British in the 19th century to believe that such a beautiful building should be credited to a European architect.

Scholars have dated it to some time in the 15th century BC and believe that it illustrates an important concept expressed in Nordic Bronze Age mythology.

However, the use of adult male falsettos in polyphony, commonly in the alto range, was common in all-male sacred choirs for some decades previous, as early as the mid-16th century, and modern-day ensembles such as the Tallis Scholars and The Sixteen maintain the use of male altos in period works.

Scholars had thought that invaders attacked the city in the 7th or 8th century, sacking and burning it.

Scholars believe that the fight between Cuchulainn and Ferdiad is a late addition to the Táin, originating not earlier than the eleventh century and drawing on earlier episodes in the story.

Scholars generally fall into one of two main camps: an " early camp " favoring a date for the " core " of between the years 50 and 100, before or approximately contemporary with the composition of the canonical gospels and a " late camp " favoring a date in the 2nd century, after composition of the canonical gospels.

" Scholars have proposed various dates between the 9th century and 16th century.

* Monfasani, John, ' Platonic paganism in the fifteenth century ', in: John Monfasani, Byzantine Scholars in Renaissance Italy: Cardinal Bessarion and Other Émigrés, ( Aldershot, 1995 ), no.

Scholars have generally dated him from the end of the 4th to the early part of the 5th century AD.

The Queen's Scholars have privileged access to the House of Commons gallery, said to be a compromise recorded in the Standing Orders of the House in the 19th century, to stop the boys from climbing into the Palace over the roofs.