C. Wheeler Barnes of Denver, head of the Scottish Rite in Colorado, praised Pike as a historian, author, poet, journalist, lawyer, jurist, soldier and musician, who devoted most of his mature years to the strengthening of the Masonic Order.

* 1773 – James Mill, Scottish philosopher and historian ( d. 1836 )

At a Braveheart Convention in 1997, held in Stirling the day after the Scottish Devolution vote and attended by 200 delegates from around the world, Braveheart author Randall Wallace, Seoras Wallace of the Wallace Clan, Scottish historian David Ross and Bláithín FitzGerald from Ireland gave lectures on various aspects of the film.

David Hume ( 25 August 1776 ) was a Scottish philosopher, historian, economist, and essayist, known especially for his philosophical empiricism and skepticism.

* 1958 – David R. Ross, Scottish historian and writer ( d. 2010 )

The Scottish historian Thomas Carlyle suggested somewhat more serious English names in his 1837 work The French Revolution: A History, namely Vintagearious, Fogarious, Frostarious, Snowous, Rainous, Windous, Buddal, Floweral, Meadowal, Reapidor, Heatidor, and Fruitidor.

* 1686 – Archibald Bower, Scottish historian ( d. 1766 )

* John Walker ( natural historian ) ( 1731 – 1803 ), Scottish naturalist

* 1711 – David Hume, Scottish philosopher and historian ( d. 1776 )

Ever since its first publication, Murray's theory has come under criticism for flaws in its use of evidence, with later historian Ronald Hutton remarking that it consisted of " a few well-known works by Continental demonologists, a few tracts printed in England and quite a number of published records of Scottish witch trials.

Ashley Cowie, Scottish author, historian, and archaeologist, and his team search the U. K. for treasures said to have been hidden away by Merlin in the 5th episode of season 1's " Legend Quest ".

* 1639 – John Spottiswoode, Scottish historian ( b. 1565 )

* 1643 – Gilbert Burnet, Scottish bishop, theologian, and historian ( d. 1715 )

* August 5 – James Anderson, Scottish historian ( d. 1728 )

* February 5 – Thomas Carlyle, Scottish writer and historian ( b. 1795 )

* April 3 – James Anderson, Scottish historian ( b. 1662 )

** Hector Boece, Scottish historian ( d. 1536 )

** James Melville of Halhill, Scottish historian ( d. 1617 )

* October 29 – David Calderwood, Scottish historian ( b. 1575 )

* September 26 – Thomas Dempster, Scottish historian ( b. 1579 )

* November 26 – John Spottiswoode, Scottish historian ( b. 1565 )

* February 22 – Adam Ferguson, Scottish philosopher and historian ( b. 1723 )

* December 4 – Thomas Carlyle, Scottish writer and historian ( d. 1881 )

In 1284, Alexander invested the title of Lord of the Isles in the head of the Macdonald family, Angus Macdonald, and over the next two centuries the Macdonald lords operated as if they were kings in their own right, frequently opposing the Scottish monarch.

In this context, he associated with Lord Monboddo and other Scottish Enlightenment luminaries in Edinburgh.

The dukedom was created in 1702 by Queen Anne ; John Churchill, whose wife was a favourite of the queen, had earlier been made Lord Churchill of Eyemouth in the Scottish peerage ( 1682 ), which became extinct with his death, and Earl of Marlborough ( 1689 ) by King William III.

There were exceptions to this rule however, such as the full-sized elves who appear in Lord Dunsany's The King of Elfland's Daughter as well as Northern English and Scottish Lowlands folklore ( as seen in such tales as The Queen of Elfan's Nourice and other local variants ).

* 1462 – Treaty of Westminster is finalised between Edward IV of England and the Scottish Lord of the Isles.

In 1682 he was made Lord Chancellor of Scotland, and was created, on 13 November, Earl of Aberdeen, Viscount Formartine, and Lord Haddo, Methlick, Tarves and Kellie, in the Scottish peerage, being appointed also Sheriff Principal of Aberdeenshire and Midlothian.

In December 1805 Lord Aberdeen took his seat as a Tory Scottish representative peer in the House of Lords.

There are seats for each of the 79 councillors, situated in a Hemicycle, all facing the Lord Provost ( the Scottish equivalent of the lord mayor found in London and other cities ), his Depute, and the Chief Executive, who are seated behind the mace.

In Scottish heraldry, the Lord Lyon King of Arms in the Act of 1672 is empowered to grant arms to " vertuous and well deserving persons.

The English-educated Scottish peer Lord Aberdeen ( 1784 – 1860 ) led a coalition government from 1852-5, but in general very few Scots held office in the government.

While the Scottish Enlightenment is traditionally considered to have concluded toward the end of the 18th century, disproportionately large Scottish contributions to British science and letters continued for another 50 years or more, thanks to such figures as the mathematicians and physicists James Clerk Maxwell, Lord Kelvin, and the engineers and inventors James Watt and William Murdoch, whose work was critical to the technological developments of the Industrial Revolution throughout Britain.

Henry Home, Lord Kames ( 169627 December 1782 ) was a Scottish advocate, judge, philosopher, writer and agricultural improver.

Lord Cairns, Disraeli's Lord Chancellor, sought to remove the House of Lords jurisdiction for Scottish and Irish appeals as well, which would have completely removed its judicial jurisdiction.

* 1799 – James Burnett, Lord Monboddo, Scottish judge ( b. 1714 )

The Militia Act of 1797 empowered Scottish Lord Lieutenants to raise and command militia regiments in each of the " Counties, Stewartries, Cities, and Places " under their jurisdiction.

In 1400, Lord Grey informed Glyndŵr too late of a royal command to levy feudal troops for Scottish border service, thus being able to call the Welshman a traitor in London court circles.

In the Balkans, Romantic views of a connection with classical Greece, which inspired Philhellenism infused the Greek War of Independence ( 1821-1832 ), in which the Scottish Romantic poet Lord Byron was mortally wounded.

Robert Bruce as Earl of Carrick and now 7th Lord of Annandale, held huge estates and property in Scotland and a barony and some minor properties in England and had a strong claim to the Scottish throne.

Isabella MacDuff, Countess of Buchan and wife of John Comyn, 3rd Earl of Buchan ( a cousin of the murdered John Comyn ), who claimed the right of her family, the MacDuff Earl of Fife, to crown the Scottish king for her brother, Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife – who was not yet of age, and in English hands – arrived the next day, too late for the coronation, so a second coronation was held and once more the crown was placed on the brow of Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick, Lord of Annandale, King of the Scots.

Scottish physicist Lord Kelvin was the first to formulate a concise definition of thermodynamics in 1854:

* Henry Home, Lord Kames ( 1696 – 1782 ) Scottish.