Seleucus and Menelaos began to besiege Kition.

The Babylonian War began between Antigonus and Seleucus, where Seleucus defeated both Demetrius and Antigonus, and secured Babylonia.

" My wife ," replied Erasistratus ; upon which Seleucus began to persuade him to give her up to his son.

Although Seleucus did not attempt to conquer the area he was due, Ptolemy's pre-emptive move led to the Syrian Wars which began in 274 BCE between the successors of the two leaders.

This dates from the epoch 312 BC, August of that year being when Seleucus I Nicator captured Babylon and began his reign over the Asian portions of Alexander the Great's empire.

Demonstrating his independence, he began to strike coins with the portrait of Philetaerus, while his predecessor had still depicted Seleucus I Nicator.

Seleucus, a Macedonian officer during Alexander's campaign, declared himself ruler of his own Seleucid Empire, encompassing Persia and Afghanistan.

* The Seleucid king Seleucus III is assassinated in Phrygia by members of his army while on campaign against Attalus of Pergamon.

Seleucus led the Royal Hypaspistai during Alexander's Persian campaign.

Seleucus ' Indian campaign was, however, a failure.

In 285 BC, Demetrius, worn down by his fruitless campaign, surrendered to Seleucus.

Seleucus II was soon dramatically defeated in the Third Syrian War against Ptolemy III of Egypt and then had to fight a civil war against his own brother Antiochus Hierax.

Although initially unsuccessful in the Fourth Syrian War against Egypt, which led to a defeat at the Battle of Raphia ( 217 BC ), Antiochus would prove himself to be the greatest of the Seleucid rulers after Seleucus I himself.

Ptolemy III's navy, perhaps with the aid of rebels in the cities, advances against Seleucus II's forces as far as Thrace, across the Hellespont, and also captures some islands off the Anatolian coast.

* Antiochus Hierax tries to raise revolts against his brother Seleucus II in Syria and the east of the Seleucid kingdom.

Cassander marches against them with his allies Lysimachus, Ptolemy and Seleucus and destroys the city of Agrinion.

Seleucus flees to Ptolemy in Egypt and enters into a league with him, Lysimachus ( the ruler of Thrace ) and Cassander against Antigonus.

* Seleucus joins Antigonus against Eumenes and recaptures Babylon.

* Arsinoe, daughter of Lysimachus, king of Thrace, marries Ptolemy II of Egypt as part of the alliance between Thrace and Egypt against Seleucus.

However, Antiochus Hierax, a younger brother of Seleucus, was set up as a rival in Asia Minor against Seleucus by a party to which Laodice herself adhered.

During the subsequent Battle of the Hydaspes River, Seleucus led his troops against the elephants of King Porus.

It seems certain, however, that the Babylon priesthood was against Seleucus.

The governor of the city, Seleucus fled to Ptolemy and entered into a league with him, Lysimachus and Cassander ( 315 BC ) against Antigonus.

Just before his death, Ptolemy V had planned to conduct a war against the Seleucid kingdom but when Cleopatra I became sole ruler, she immediately ended the war preparations directed against her brother Seleucus IV Philopator.

When Seleucus II in 239 BC attempted to subjugate the rebels in the east, it appears he and Diodotus united together against the Parthians ( Justin xli.

Soon afterwards Diodotus died and was succeeded by his son Diodotus II, who concluded a peace with the Parthians and later allied himself with Arsaces in his fight against Seleucus II:

:" Soon after, relieved by the death of Theodotus uses a erroneous version of the name, Arsaces made peace and concluded an alliance with his son, also by the name of Theodotus ; some time later he fought against Seleucus who came to punish the rebels, and he prevailed: the Parthians celebrated this day as the one that marked the beginning of their freedom " ( Justin, XLI, 4 )

After that, he ruled Antioch and its surroundings, fighting endlessly against the four brothers of Seleucus VI, the Nabataeans and the Parthian Empire.

Four of Seleucus ' brothers, including Antiochus XI Ephiphanes Philadelphus, Philip I Philadelphus, and Demetrius III Eucaerus, continued the devastating civil war against the other branch of the family and each other.

In 315 BC, he joined Cassander, Ptolemy I Soter and Seleucus I Nicator against Antigonus I Monophthalmus, who, however, diverted his attention by stirring up Thracian and Scythian tribes against him.

Seleucus is said to have reach a peace treaty with Chandragupta by given control of the territory south of the Hindu Kush to the Mauryas upon intermarriage and 500 elephants.

Modern day Pakistan was conquered by Chandragupta Maurya, who overthrew the powerful Nanda Dynasty of Magadha and established Maurya empire: He conquered the trans-Indus region to the west, which was under Macedonian rule-annexing Balochistan, south eastern parts of Iran and much of what is now Afghanistan, including the modern Herat and Kandahar provinces-and then defeated the invasion led by Seleucus I, a Greek general from Alexander's army.

Seleucus is said to have reach a peace treaty with Chandragupta by giving control of the territory south of the Hindu Kush to him upon intermarriage and 500 elephants.

Seleucus went as far as India, where after two years of war he reached an agreement with Chandragupta Maurya, in which he exchanged his eastern territories for a considerable force of 500 war elephants, which would play a decisive role at Ipsus ( 301 BC ).

Seleucus invaded India ( modern Punjab Pakistan ) in 305 BC, confronting Chandragupta Maurya ( Sandrokottos ), founder of the Maurya empire.

It is generally thought that Chandragupta married Seleucus's daughter, or a Macedonian princess, a gift from Seleucus to formalize an alliance.

In addition to this treaty, Seleucus dispatched an ambassador, Megasthenes, to Chandragupta, and later Deimakos to his son Bindusara, at the Mauryan court at Pataliputra ( modern Patna in Bihar state ).

* Seleucus I Nicator expands his kingdom throughout Persia as far east as India, but his advance is eventually halted by Chandragupta Maurya, the founder of the Maurya dynasty of India.

In the year 305 BC, Seleucus I Nicator went to India and apparently occupied territory as far as the Indus, and eventually waged war with the Maurya Emperor Chandragupta Maurya:

Perhaps Chandragupta defeated Seleucus in battle.

The two leaders ultimately reached an agreement, and through a treaty sealed in 305 BC, Seleucus ceded a considerable amount of territory to Chandragupta in exchange for 500 war elephants, which were to play a key role in the forthcoming battles, particularly at Ipsus.

Some authors claim that the argument relating to Seleucus handing over more of what is now southern Afghanistan is an exaggeration originating in a statement by Pliny the Elder referring not specifically to the lands received by Chandragupta, but rather to the various opinions of geographers regarding the definition of the word " India ":

The alliance between Chandragupta and Seleucus was probably affirmed with a marriage ( Epigamia ).

Chandragupta or his son married the daughter of Seleucus, Cornelia, or perhaps there was diplomatic recognition of intermarriage between Indians and Greeks.

The two rulers seem to have been on very good terms, as classical sources have recorded that following their treaty, Chandragupta sent various presents such as aphrodisiacs to Seleucus.

The war elephants Seleucus received from Chandragupta proved to be useful when the Diadochi finally decided to deal with Antigonus.

Demetrius may have first started to recover the province of Arachosia, an area south of the Hindu Kush already inhabited by many Greeks but ruled by the Mauryas since the liberation of the territory by Chandragupta from Seleucus.

Silver coin of Seleucus I Nicator, who fought Chandragupta Maurya, and later made an alliance with him.

Chandragupta extended the borders of his empire towards Seleucid Empire | Seleucid History of Iran | Persia after his conflict with Seleucus I Nicator | Seleucus c. 305 BCE.

Seleucus I Nicator, a Macedonian satrap of Alexander, reconquered most of Alexander's former empire and put under his own authority the eastern territories as far as Bactria and the Indus ( Appian, History of Rome, The Syrian Wars 55 ), until in 305 BCE he entered into conflict with Chandragupta:

As noted by scholars such as R. C. Majumdar and D. D. Kosambi, Seleucus appears to have fared poorly, having ceded large territories west of the Indus to Chandragupta.

In addition to this treaty, Seleucus dispatched an ambassador, Megasthenes, to Chandragupta, and later Deimakos to his son Bindusara, at the Mauryan court at Pataliputra ( modern Patna in Bihar state ).

Classical sources have also recorded that following their treaty, Chandragupta and Seleucus exchanged presents, such as when Chandragupta sent various aphrodisiacs to Seleucus: