Then-head of the film industry Boris Shumyatsky sought to emulate Hollywood ’ s conveyor belt method of production, going so far as to suggest the establishment of a Soviet Hollywood.

The success of The Jolly Fellows ensured a place in Soviet cinema for the musical format, but immediately Shumyatsky set up strict guidelines to make sure the films promoted Communist values.

Boris Zakharovich Shumyatsky () ( November 16, 1886 – July 29, 1938 ) was the de facto executive producer for the Soviet film monopoly from 1930 to 1937.

It was Shumyatsky who had to ultimately give approval for Eisenstein to make Bezhin Meadow, the failure of which was a major factor in Shumyatsky's downfall.

Apart from the Bezhin Meadow debacle, Shumyatsky was unable to meet annual goals for film completions — something that did not escape the notice of his critics.

Even though Soviet film executive Boris Shumyatsky encouraged Sinclair in undermining Eisenstein it was derailed not as much as Bezhin Meadow by the Soviet film industry, but by its American backers.

Another factor that was turned against Shumyatsky by his opponents: following a visit to the USA, he returned to Moscow with a vision of moving the hub of the film industry to a spot near Odessa, where the climate and geography were similar to those of Hollywood and thus more amenable to year-round film-making.

Shumyatsky was arrested on 8 January 1938, accused of collaborating with saboteurs within the film industry.

Ultimately this came down on the shoulders of Boris Shumyatsky, " executive producer " of Soviet film since 1932, who in early 1938 was denounced, arrested, tried and convicted as a traitor, and shot.

Shumyatsky was born in Verkhneudinsk ( now Ulan-Ude ) in the vicinity of Lake Baikal in Russian Siberia.

Richard Taylor, " Ideology as Mass Entertainment: Boris Shumyatsky and Soviet Cinema in the 1930s ", in Richard Taylor and Ian Christie, ( eds.

The AMPAS was originally conceived by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studio boss Louis B. Mayer as a professional honorary organization to help improve the film industry ’ s image and help mediate labor disputes.

The International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences defines psychological altruism as " a motivational state with the goal of increasing another ’ s welfare ".

Psychological altruism is contrasted with psychological egoism, which refers to the motivation to increase one ’ s own welfare.

One way is a sincere expression of Christian love, " motivated by a powerful feeling of security, strength, and inner salvation, of the invincible fullness of one ’ s own life and existence ".

Another way is merely " one of the many modern substitutes for love, ... nothing but the urge to turn away from oneself and to lose oneself in other people ’ s business.

* David Firestone-When Romney ’ s Reach Exceeds His Grasp-Mitt Romney quotes the song

" Swift extends the metaphor to get in a few jibes at England ’ s mistreatment of Ireland, noting that " For this kind of commodity will not bear exportation, and flesh being of too tender a consistence, to admit a long continuance in salt, although perhaps I could name a country, which would be glad to eat up our whole nation without it.

George Wittkowsky argued that Swift ’ s main target in A Modest Proposal was not the conditions in Ireland, but rather the can-do spirit of the times that led people to devise a number of illogical schemes that would purportedly solve social and economic ills.

In response, Swift ’ s Modest Proposal was " a burlesque of projects concerning the poor ", that were in vogue during the early 18th century.

Critics differ about Swift ’ s intentions in using this faux-mathematical philosophy.

Charles K. Smith argues that Swift ’ s rhetorical style persuades the reader to detest the speaker and pity the Irish.

Swift ’ s specific strategy is twofold, using a " trap " to create sympathy for the Irish and a dislike of the narrator who, in the span of one sentence, " details vividly and with rhetorical emphasis the grinding poverty " but feels emotion solely for members of his own class.

Swift ’ s use of gripping details of poverty and his narrator ’ s cool approach towards them create " two opposing points of view " that " alienate the reader, perhaps unconsciously, from a narrator who can view with ' melancholy ' detachment a subject that Swift has directed us, rhetorically, to see in a much less detached way.

Once the children have been commodified, Swift ’ s rhetoric can easily turn " people into animals, then meat, and from meat, logically, into tonnage worth a price per pound ".

Swift uses the proposer ’ s serious tone to highlight the absurdity of his proposal.

In making his argument, the speaker uses the conventional, text book approved order of argument from Swift ’ s time ( which was derived from the Latin rhetorician Quintilian ).

James Johnson argued that A Modest Proposal was largely influenced and inspired by Tertullian ’ s Apology: a satirical attack against early Roman persecution of Christianity.

Johnson notes Swift ’ s obvious affinity for Tertullian and the bold stylistic and structural similarities between the works A Modest Proposal and Apology.

He reminds readers that " there is a gap between the narrator ’ s meaning and the text ’ s, and that a moral-political argument is being carried out by means of parody ".

" Al-Obeikan, however, was subsequently removed from his position as advisor to the royal cabinet in May 2012 after opposing moves to relax gender segregation, and in August of 2012, Obeikan ’ s morning radio show “ Fatwas on Air ,” in which he would issue daily fatwas, was canceled after a royal decree that authorizes only members of the Council of Senior Islamic Scholars to issue fatwas.

50 stills from the filming in Krün near Mittenwald were later found and from these, surviving prisoners were able to identify 29 camp inmates who worked for Riefenstahl and were then deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau in the first weeks of March 1943 following Himmler ’ s December 1942 decree.

However, his attempt to force the Duke of Naples to enforce an imperial decree to confiscate papal territory in the duchy failed, as the duke was supportive of the pope ’ s stand.

Both sought Frederick ’ s support, Frederick, busy with the siege of Crema, appeared unsupportive of Alexander III, and after the sacking of Crema demanded that Alexander appear before the emperor at Pavia and to accept the imperial decree.

Thereafter the character — sometimes a peasant, but more often now an Italianate " second " zanni — appeared fairly regularly in the Italians ’ offerings, his role always taken by one Giuseppe Giaratone ( or Geratoni ), until the troupe was banished by royal decree in 1697.

A decree by Umberto II, issued as a General Lieutenant of the government ( decreto legge luogotenenziale 25 giugno 1944, n. 151 ) during Ivanoe Bonomi ’ s time in office as Prime Minister, prescribed that a Constitutional Assembly would be organized after the war to draft a constitution and to choose an institutional form for the state.

They enslaved the remaining 500, and by Don Juan ’ s decree, they amputated the left foot of every Acoma man over the age of twenty-five.

Kolchak ’ s government issued a decree on 3 December 1918 stating, “ In order to preserve the system and rule of the Supreme Ruler, articles of the criminal code of Imperial Russia were revised, Articles 99 and 100 of which established capital punishment for assassination attempts on the Supreme Ruler and for attempting to overthrow his government.

Despite the decree of 21 March 1815 that stated that no foreigner could be admitted into the Imperial Guard, Napoleon ’ s decree of 24 April prescribed amongst other things that the Chasseurs-à-Cheval of the Imperial Guard included a squadron of two companies of Mamluks for the Belgian Campaign.

The city ’ s name was changed to Puebla de Zaragoza in 1862, by a decree issued by Benito Juárez and the holiday “ 5 de Mayo ” ( Cinco de Mayo ) is a major annual event here.

Canon 8 is often quoted as the Council of Trent ’ s decree on church music but that is a glaring misunderstanding of the canon ; it was only a proposed decree.

Some sources reported he was selected to receive the award that year, but was prevented from receiving it by Adolf Hitler ’ s regime, which had issued a decree in 1937 that forbade Germans from accepting Nobel Prizes.

On April 18, 2011, the National Council of Egypt ’ s Administrative Court issued a decree stopping the court ruling, specifying that he would not serve any jail time, and would remain in his position as Minister of Antiquities.

" In the Old Kilkenny Review, year unknown, Peter Smithwick, K. M., Solicitor, wrote that the tradition of Kilkenny is that Sullivan ’ s Brewery was founded in 1702 ... Daniel Sullivan, allegedly a Protestant, bought the property in trust for Pierse Bryan of Jenkinstown, who was Catholic but prohibited by the Penal Laws from buying land ... Twenty years later a Protestant informer got a decree declaring himself the owner of the property ... The property was on the West side of High Street, " standing backward in James ’ Street.

Zhaojun ’ s father said that his daughter was too young to enter the harem, but could not violate the decree.

In August 1995, Sibneft was created by Boris Yeltsin ’ s presidential decree.

Construction of this mosque, located inside the Salemba campus, was started on August 16, 1966 based on a UI rector ’ s decree.

The decree, which became official law on the 4 March 1939, pronounced King Alexander I ’ s underage sons King Peter II, Prince Tomislav and Prince Andrew, in equal parts, heirs to his entire estate.

His decree, the ‘ National Assembly of the Presidency of the People ’ s Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ,’ was abolished in 2001 after the deposing of Slobodan Milošević.

( The reason that the translators preferred the Vulgate, in many cases, was explained in their Preface, pointing to assorted corruptions of various ' original ' texts available in that era, to assertions that St. Jerome had access to manuscripts that were later destroyed, and to the Council of Trent ’ s decree that the Vulgate was free of doctrinal error.

According to the majority of the available sources, Imam Ja ’ far al-Sadiq had indeed designated Ismail by nass ( divine decree ) as his successor in Imamate.