Since the early 20th century, the armed forces have pursued the goal of weapons self-sufficiency.

Since the early 20th century it has been commonly accepted that Old Irish Bel ( l ) taine is derived from a Common Celtic * belo-te ( p ) niâ, meaning " bright fire " ( where the element * belo-might be cognate with the English word bale in ' bale-fire ' meaning ' white ' or ' shining '; compare Anglo-Saxon bael, and Lithuanian / Latvian baltas / balts, found in the name of the Baltic ; in Slavic languages byelo or beloye also means ' white ', as in Беларусь ( White Russia or Belarus ) or Бе ́ лое мо ́ ре Sea ).

Since the second half of the 20th century most scholars have agreed with Martin Noth's thesis that the books of Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, Samuel and Kings form parts of a single work.

Since the Anglo-Boer war the term " Boervolk " was rarely used in the 20th century by the various regimes because of this attempt to assimilate the Boervolk with the Afrikaners.

Since the second half of the 20th century, computers have been programmed to play chess with increasing success, to the point where home computers can play chess at a very high level.

Since the consolidation of newspaper comics by the first quarter of the 20th century, most cartoonists have used a group of assistants ( with usually one of them credited ).

Since the 20th century, another source of words has been Japanese using existing kanji ( Chinese characters used in Japanese ).

Since the later 20th century, use of CE and BCE has been popularized in academic and scientific publications, and more generally by publishers emphasizing secularism or sensitivity to non-Christians.

Since the early 20th century, the term is used almost exclusively in conjunction with the modern development of hydro-electric power, which allowed use of distant energy sources.

Since the early 20th century, certain logicians have proposed logics that deny the validity of the law.

Since the early 20th century, a form of standardized Mandarin ( described above ) has been the official and de facto national standard language in China and it is today one of the most frequently used varieties of Chinese among Chinese diaspora communities internationally.

Since the early 20th century, musical theatre stage works have generally been called, simply, musicals.

Since the mid 20th century, computers calculate the required functions instead.

Since the start of the 20th century, complexity of total syntheses has been increasing, with examples such as lysergic acid and vitamin B12.

Since the 20th century, the work of physics research has been divided between theorists and experimentalists ( see scientific method ).

Since the 20th century, the term republicanism is more likely to refer to the policies of the Republican Party, the nation's right-wing political party, than to republican values generally.

Since the 18th century, particularly during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, some wealthy or ennobled families embraced Catholicism, including branches of the Asquith, Bellingham ( Ireland ), Bowyer ( England ), Calvert ( Maryland ), Cary-Elwes / Elwes ( since 1872 ), Feilding ( England ), Forbes ( Ireland ), Leslie ( Ireland ), Fraser ( Scotland ), Lane-Fox, Meynell, Noel ( Gainsborough ), Ashton Case ( or Ashton-Case ; England ), Radcliffe ( England ), Monckton, Pakenham ( Ireland ), Pontifex ( England ), Crichton-Stuart ( Scotland ) and Strickland ( Counts of Catena, Malta ) families.

Since the resettlement of Svalbard in the early 20th century, coal mining has been the dominant commercial activity.

Since the 20th century, Western legal systems have generally allowed for " greater women's rights " than Islamic law.

Since the first widespread promotion of t ' ai chi ch ' uan's health benefits by Yang Shaohou, Yang Chengfu, Wu Chien-ch ' uan, and Sun Lutang in the early 20th century, it has developed a worldwide following among people with little or no interest in martial training, for its benefit to health and health maintenance.

Since then, several V: TES expansions have been released, and the game was the only official source of material for the Old World of Darkness, until 2011 when the 20th Anniversary Edition of Vampire: The Masquerade was published and the Onyx Path was announced.

Since the end of the 20th century, the economic strength during the 1920s has drawn close comparison with the 1950s and 1990s, especially in the United States of America.

Since the latter half of the 20th century Artois has suffered along with similar areas because of the decline of the coal industry.

Since the turn of the 20th century phonics has been widely used in primary education and in teaching literacy throughout the English-speaking world.

Since writing was practiced in the Aegean before the end of the century, we may hope that the details of tradition will now be occasionally useful.

Since Alexander's work in the field came at the turn of the century, his ideas influenced many originators in the field of mind-body improvement.

Since then, biochemistry has advanced, especially since the mid-20th century, with the development of new techniques such as chromatography, X-ray diffraction, dual polarisation interferometry, NMR spectroscopy, radioisotopic labeling, electron microscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations.

Since Pope Leo XIII issued the bull Apostolicae Curae in 1896, the Catholic Church has insisted that Anglican orders are invalid because of changes in the Anglican ordination rites of the 16th century and divergence in understanding of the theology of priesthood, episcopacy and Eucharist.

Since the mid-20th century, there has been considerable debate over how the earliest forms of life evolved and how to classify them, especially at the kingdom and domain levels and organisms that are or have been considered bacteria.

Since Daniel was a statesman during the Persian conquests, the Book of Daniel could have been written in a period when the Persians had their greatest influence on Aramaic, believed to be in the mid 6th century BC.

Since the late nineteenth century, the South used a colloquial term, the one-drop rule, to classify as black a person of any known African ancestry.

Since the 12th century, courts have had parallel and co-equal authority to make law -- " legislating from the bench " is a traditional and essential function of courts, which was carried over into the U. S. system as an essential component of the " judicial power " specified by Article III of the U. S. constitution.

Since the late nineteenth century, only two brief periods of violence have marred its democratic development.

Since the 16th century, Portugal extensively adopted slavery to man their colonies, coming mainly from West and Central Africa.

Since direct observations of climate are not available before the 19th century, paleoclimates are inferred from proxy variables that include non-biotic evidence such as sediments found in lake beds and ice cores, and biotic evidence such as tree rings and coral.

Since the discovery of his " Letter to the Alexandrians " in the last century, much work has been done to rehabilitate Claudius and determine where the truth lies.

Since at least the 3rd century BC, there was influence of northern nomadic peoples and Yemaek peoples on Korean Warfare.

Since the early 21st century within the global functional food industry, raw cranberries have been marketed as a " superfruit " due to their nutrient content and antioxidant qualities.

Since the 19th century, US foreign policy also has been characterized by a shift from the realist school to the idealistic or Wilsonian school of international relations.

Since the Christianization of Ethiopia in the 4th century, the Church of Ethiopia has come under the dominion of the Church of Alexandria.

Since then, cardinals have been advanced to cardinal bishop exclusively by Papal appointment.

Since 1993, Lord Mayors have not received any automatic honours upon appointment ; instead, they have been created Knights Bachelor upon retirement, although Gordon Brown's government broke with tradition by awarding Ian Luder the CBE after his term of office in 2009, and the following year Nick Anstee declined the offer of any national honour.

Since DTU has no faculty senate, and since the faculty is not involved in the appointment of president, deans, or department heads, the university has no faculty governance.

Since the administration of President Dwight D. Eisenhower, the American Bar Association has provided the service to presidents of both parties and the nation by vetting the qualifications of those under consideration for lifetime appointment to the federal judiciary.

Since Gil's appointment, the department's expenditures have increased by over 50 percent.

Since his appointment to the OPIC board, Connelly has traveled to Afghanistan, Russia, Azerbaijan, Serbia, Peru, and the Middle East to promote U. S. overseas investments, in particular the investments of U. S. companies ( including Bechtel ) in the privatization of foreign oil, power, water, and transportation infrastructures.

Since then, commoners as well as peers have been appointed to the post of Lord Chancellor ; however, until the 21st-century changes to the office, a commoner would normally have been created a peer shortly after his appointment.

Since the end of this appointment in 1999, Peacock has largely lived in the US.

Since that point it has not existed as a separate office, except as a temporary appointment for the Coronation of a monarch ; in other circumstances the Earl Marshal exercises the traditional duties of the office.

Since switching sees was considered an infraction of canon law, as well as contravening the decrees of the Lateran Council of 769, which prohibited the installation of a pope without election, John ’ s appointment was criticised by his contemporaries.

Since 2000, the Indian team underwent major improvements with the appointment of John Wright as India's first ever foreign coach.

Since Dalglish's appointment as player manager in the 1985 close season, Rush had often found himself partnered with Paul Walsh in the Liverpool first team as Dalglish selected himself as a player less frequently.

Since the appointment of Thomas R. Insel as Director of NIMH in 2002, the institute has undergone organizational changes to better target mental health research needs ( the expansion from three extramural divisions to five divisions, with the two new divisions focusing on adult and child translational research ).

Since Levin's appointment, all of his provosts have gone on to head other universities: Judith Rodin ( appointed by his predecessor ) as president of the University of Pennsylvania, becoming the first female president of an Ivy League university, Alison Richard as Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge, Susan Hockfield as president of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Andrew D. Hamilton as vice-chancellor of the University of Oxford.

Since Adams arranged for complete renovation of the Observatory residence immediately following his appointment, ( at Cambridge University's expense and costing several times the 250 pound annual Director's salary ), it would seem likely that very early on he assigned to that unhappy potential eventuality a rather low probability.

Since Rafael Bonachela ’ s appointment, the company has toured around Australia and to Venice, Beijing, Germany, New York, Barcelona and London.

Since the motive was personal and not political, Victorinus ' mother, Victoria ( or Vitruvia ), was able to continue to hold power after the death of Victorinus and she arranged for his deification and, after considerable payment to the troops, the appointment of Tetricus I as his successor.

Since 2000, the Indian team underwent major improvements with the appointment of John Wright, India's first ever foreign coach.

Since his appointment, he has spearheaded a number of reform measures that have seen a change in how treasury and government by extension transacts it business.

In 2008, he and his brother Richie Dalmau participated in Sapientis Week, an initiative sponsored by the non-profit Sapientis which brings distinguished public figures into classrooms in order to raise the public's awareness of the education crisis in Puerto Rico. Since 2009 he served as Director of Audit Office Sports and Recreation Department, in 2011 the governor of Puerto Rico, Luis G. Fortuño, announced the appointment of Ricardo Dalmau Santana CPA, to the post of Inspector General of Puerto Rico that was approved by the House and Senate.

Since his appointment on the northern front, the Soviet aviation advisor Arjénoukhine had insistently called for air reinforcements, motivating his demands by high losses inflicted by nationalist aviation over Republican troops as well as civilian population.

Since Uwilingiyimana didn't have the power base of the other candidates, and was not wanted by Habyarimana most observers believe that her appointment as prime minister was based on the political calculation by the President that she would divide the opposition, and by the opposition that she would be controllable.

Since 2009, no more than 8 serving WO1s of the RLC at any one time ( excluding RSMs ) may hold the appointment of Conductor.

Since 2001, Conductors have received their Warrant of appointment on a parchment scroll, reviving an ancient tradition.