Since a national interpretation cannot be avoided it is unfortunate that the elections were not held in a way to maximize party responsibility and the educational effect of mass political participation.

The number of neutrons, N, is known as the neutron number of the atom ; thus, A = Z + N. Since protons and neutrons have approximately the same mass ( and the mass of the electrons is negligible for many purposes ), and the mass defect is usually very small compared to the mass, the atomic mass of an atom is roughly equal to A.

Since conference and of the Food and Agriculture Organization's publication World Festival of Trees, and a resolution of the United Nations in 1954: " The Conference, recognising the need of arousing mass consciousness of the aesthetic, physical and economic value of trees, recommends a World Festival of Trees to be celebrated annually in each member country on a date suited to local conditions "; it has been adopted by the Netherlands.

Since then, there have been many refinements to increase the field of view, mass and position resolution, and data acquisition rate of the instrument.

Since the publication of Nineteen Eighty-Four, the term " Big Brother " has entered the lexicon as a synonym for abuse of government power, particularly in respect to civil liberties, often specifically related to mass surveillance.

Since the mass numbers of these are 12, 13 and 14 respectively, the three isotopes of carbon are known as carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14, often abbreviated to < sup > 12 </ sup > C, < sup > 13 </ sup > C, and < sup > 14 </ sup > C.

Since we are assuming circular motion, let r ( t ) = R · u < sub > r </ sub >, where R is a constant ( the radius of the circle ) and u < sub > r </ sub > is the unit vector pointing from the origin to the point mass.

Since life began on Earth, several major mass extinctions have significantly exceeded the background extinction rate.

The event temporarily warmed air temperature by 1. 5 ° C, compared to the usual increase of 0. 25 ° C associated with El Niño events .< ref name =" Trenberth "> Since then, mass coral bleaching has become common worldwide, with all regions having suffered " severe bleaching ".

Since this gas is in approximate hydrostatic equilibrium with the overall cluster gravitational field, the total mass distribution can be determined.

Since the 1920s this discrepancy has been explained by the presence of isotopes ; the atomic mass of any isotope is very close to satisfying the whole number rule, with the mass defect caused by differing binding energies being significantly smaller.

Since then, Labour Day has been not only a public holiday but also a day of mass community involvement around the country.

Since 1889, the kilogram has been defined as the mass of the international prototype kilogram, and as such is independent of the meter, or the properties of water.

* The atomic mass unit ( u ) is defined so that a single carbon-12 atom has a mass of 12 u ; 1 u is approximately .< ref group =" note "> Since the Avogadro constant N < sub > A </ sub > is defined as the number of atoms in 12 g of carbon-12, it follows that 1 u is exactly 1 /( 10 < sup > 3 </ sup > N < sub > A </ sub >) kg .</ ref > The atomic mass unit is convenient for expressing the masses of atoms and molecules.

Since energy is dependent on reference frame ( upon the observer ) it is convenient to formulate the equations of physics in a way such that mass values are invariant ( do not change ) between observers, and so the equations are independent of the observer.

Since gravitational effects are all around us, it is impossible to pin down the exact date when humans first discovered gravitational mass.

Since the particle speed < math > v < c </ math > for any particle that has mass ( according to special relativity ), the phase velocity of matter waves always exceeds c, i. e.

Since a walrus's hide usually accounts for about 20 % of its body weight, the total body mass of these two giants is estimated to have been at least.

Since tone systems typically comprise fewer units than either consonant or vowel systems, we might expect that they would be the easiest part of a phonologic analysis.

Since the demise of Commodore, various groups have marketed successors to the original Amiga line, including Genesi, Eyetech, ACube Systems and A-EON Technology, and AmigaOS has influenced replacements, clones and compatible systems such as MorphOS, AmigaOS 4 and AROS.

Since the various braille alphabets originated as transcription codes of printed writing systems, the mappings ( sets of character designations ) vary from language to language.

Since software can be designed using many different programming languages and in many different operating systems and operating environments, software standard is needed so that different software can understand and exchange information between each other.

Since the number of possible sounds in all of the world's languages is much greater than the number of letters in any one alphabet, linguists have devised systems such as the International Phonetic Alphabet ( IPA ) to assign a unique and unambiguous symbol to each attested consonant.

Since then, Japanese research in computer music has largely been carried out for commercial purposes in popular music, though some of the more serious Japanese musicians used large computer systems such as the Fairlight in the 1970s.

Since then, Chinese radars, anti-aircraft systems and infantry weapons were purchased.

Since most exoplanets are in single star systems, the implicit " A " designation was simply dropped, leaving the exoplanet name with the lower-case letter only: 51 Peg b.

Since classical analog filters are IIR filters, there has been a long history of studying the range of possible transfer functions implementing various of the above desired filter responses in continuous time systems.

Since the advent of satellite positioning, such coordinate systems are typically geocentric: the axis is aligned with the Earth's ( conventional or instantaneous ) rotation axis.

Since Galileo was designed to provide the highest possible precision ( possibly even greater than GPS ) to anyone, the US was concerned that an enemy could use Galileo signals in military strikes against the US and its allies ( some weapons like missiles use GNSS systems for guidance ).

Since the 1950s, hydrology has been approached with a more theoretical basis than in the past, facilitated by advances in the physical understanding of hydrological processes and by the advent of computers and especially geographic information systems ( GIS ).

Since there was little rainfall irrigation systems were necessary.

Since inventor Richard Stoner commercialized aeroponic technology in 1983, aeroponics has been implemented as an alternative to water intensive hydroponic systems worldwide.

Since most wiki systems use URLs for individual pages where the page's title appears at the end of an otherwise unchanging address, the simplest way of defining such mappings is by substituting the interwiki prefix for the unchanging part of the URL.

Since Id Software and some of its licencees released the source code for some of their previous games, several games which were not ported ( such as Wolfenstein 3D, Spear of Destiny, Heretic, Hexen, Hexen II, and Strife ) can run on Linux and other operating systems through the use of source ports.

Since organizations can be viewed as systems, management can also be defined as human action, including design, to facilitate the production of useful outcomes from a system.

Since at a minimum the starting code address vector must always be valid on reset, systems commonly included some nonvolatile memory ( e. g. ROM ) starting at address zero to contain the vectors and bootstrap code.

Since then WDC have moved much of the original MOS catalog to CMOS, and the 6502 continues to be a popular CPU in embedded systems, like medical equipment and car dashboard controllers.

Since neural systems are intimately related to cognitive processes and behavior, the field is closely related to cognitive and behavioral modeling.

Since all other atomic, or molecular systems, involve the motions of three or more " particles ", their Schrödinger equations cannot be solved exactly and so approximate solutions must be sought.

Since chemistry and nanotechnology rely on understanding quantum systems, and such systems are impossible to simulate in an efficient manner classically, many believe quantum simulation will be one of the most important applications of quantum computing.

Since an interrupt handler blocks the highest priority task from running, and since real time operating systems are designed to keep thread latency to a minimum, interrupt handlers are typically kept as short as possible.