The Manu Smriti ( 10. 63 ), Chanakya ’ s Arthashastra ( 1. 3. 13 ) and the Vasishtha Dharmasutra ( 4. 4 ) point out that ahimsa is a duty for all the four classes ( Varnas ) of society.

Later, disciples of Raja Reddy Radha Reddy performed Devi Smriti invoking the goddess to remove people ’ s sufferings.

Another important translation of Narayana is " The First Being ", according to the Manu Smriti.

Among his works is a translation of the Manu Smriti, which has since been deemed unreliable by numerous scholars including Ann-Marie Etter.

With regards to Hindu law, scholars have commonly translated Smriti as “ tradition ”.

Scholars also argue about Smriti in terms of it meaning “ specifically ‘ Brahmanical tradition ’”.

The Manu Smriti prohibits wanton destruction of both wild and cultivated plants ( 11. 145 ).

One orthodox classification of Hindu texts is to divide into Śruti (" revealed ") and Smriti (" remembered ") texts.

* In the Manu Smriti, the sage Manu, escaping from a flood, founded the Vedic culture between the Sarasvati and Drishadvati rivers.

The other 11 are Khyati married to Bhrigu, Sati to Shiva ( Bhava ), Sambhuti to Marichi, Smriti to Angiras, Priti to Pulastya, Kshama to Pulaha ), Sannati to Kratu, Anasuya to Atri, Arundhati to Vasishtha, Swaha to Agni, and Swadha to Pitris.

Knowledge traditions in India handed down philosophical gleanings and theological concepts through the two traditions of Shruti and Smriti, meaning that which is learnt and that which is experienced-this included the Vedas.

The Vishnu Smriti and Manu Smriti regard the teacher and the mother and father as the most venerable influences on an individual.

The Vishnu Smriti and Manu Smriti regard the Acharya ( teacher / guru ), along with the mother and the father, as the most venerable individuals.

Another early system of laws is Hindu law framed by Manu and called as Manu Smriti, dating back to the 2nd century BC.

The Manu Smriti or Laws of Manu, written down around AD 200, prescribed execution by elephants for a number of offences.

Brahmins, basically adhere to the principles of the Vedas, related to the texts of the Śruti and Smriti which are some the foundations of Hinduism, and practise Sanatana Dharma.

The Pahlavas are a people mentioned in ancient Indian texts like the Manu Smriti, various Puranas, the Ramayana, the Mahabharata, and the Brhatsamhita.

Most of the Hindu Laws today are based on the Yājñavalkya Smriti.

The Laws of Manu, for instance, are not revelation ; they are not Sruti, but only Smriti, which means recollection of tradition.

Smriti () literally " that which is remembered ," refers to a specific body of Hindu religious scripture, and is a codified component of Hindu customary law.

Smriti is the second source of authority for dharma.

Although Smriti is also considered a written source ; it differs from Sruti in that Smriti does not have divine origins.

The AMPAS was originally conceived by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studio boss Louis B. Mayer as a professional honorary organization to help improve the film industry ’ s image and help mediate labor disputes.

The International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences defines psychological altruism as " a motivational state with the goal of increasing another ’ s welfare ".

Psychological altruism is contrasted with psychological egoism, which refers to the motivation to increase one ’ s own welfare.

One way is a sincere expression of Christian love, " motivated by a powerful feeling of security, strength, and inner salvation, of the invincible fullness of one ’ s own life and existence ".

Another way is merely " one of the many modern substitutes for love, ... nothing but the urge to turn away from oneself and to lose oneself in other people ’ s business.

* David Firestone-When Romney ’ s Reach Exceeds His Grasp-Mitt Romney quotes the song

" Swift extends the metaphor to get in a few jibes at England ’ s mistreatment of Ireland, noting that " For this kind of commodity will not bear exportation, and flesh being of too tender a consistence, to admit a long continuance in salt, although perhaps I could name a country, which would be glad to eat up our whole nation without it.

George Wittkowsky argued that Swift ’ s main target in A Modest Proposal was not the conditions in Ireland, but rather the can-do spirit of the times that led people to devise a number of illogical schemes that would purportedly solve social and economic ills.

In response, Swift ’ s Modest Proposal was " a burlesque of projects concerning the poor ", that were in vogue during the early 18th century.

Critics differ about Swift ’ s intentions in using this faux-mathematical philosophy.

Charles K. Smith argues that Swift ’ s rhetorical style persuades the reader to detest the speaker and pity the Irish.

Swift ’ s specific strategy is twofold, using a " trap " to create sympathy for the Irish and a dislike of the narrator who, in the span of one sentence, " details vividly and with rhetorical emphasis the grinding poverty " but feels emotion solely for members of his own class.

Swift ’ s use of gripping details of poverty and his narrator ’ s cool approach towards them create " two opposing points of view " that " alienate the reader, perhaps unconsciously, from a narrator who can view with ' melancholy ' detachment a subject that Swift has directed us, rhetorically, to see in a much less detached way.

Once the children have been commodified, Swift ’ s rhetoric can easily turn " people into animals, then meat, and from meat, logically, into tonnage worth a price per pound ".

Swift uses the proposer ’ s serious tone to highlight the absurdity of his proposal.

In making his argument, the speaker uses the conventional, text book approved order of argument from Swift ’ s time ( which was derived from the Latin rhetorician Quintilian ).

James Johnson argued that A Modest Proposal was largely influenced and inspired by Tertullian ’ s Apology: a satirical attack against early Roman persecution of Christianity.

Johnson notes Swift ’ s obvious affinity for Tertullian and the bold stylistic and structural similarities between the works A Modest Proposal and Apology.

He reminds readers that " there is a gap between the narrator ’ s meaning and the text ’ s, and that a moral-political argument is being carried out by means of parody ".