Thus Ockham argued that " Socrates has wisdom ", which apparently asserts the existence of a reference for " wisdom ", can be rewritten as " Socrates is wise ", which contains only the referring phrase " Socrates ".

Thus if a represents Socrates then Phil ( a ) asserts the first proposition, p ; if a instead represents Plato then Phil ( a ) asserts the second proposition, q.

# Socrates ' interlocutor asserts a thesis, for example " Courage is endurance of the soul ", which Socrates considers false and targets for refutation.

# Socrates ' interlocutor asserts a thesis, for example " Courage is endurance of the soul ", which Socrates considers false and targets for refutation.

" Putting words in the dead sophist's mouth, Socrates declares that Protagoras asserts with his maxim that all things are in motion and whatever seems to be the case, is the case for the perceiver, whether the individual or the state.

In the Meno Plato ’ s teacher Socrates asserts that it is possible to come to know this truth by a process akin to memory retrieval.

Socrates in his speech asserts that the highest purpose of love is to become a philosopher or, literally, a lover of wisdom.

But the sentence asserts that Socrates is wise.

Returning debts owed, and helping friends while harming enemies, are common sense definitions of justice that, Socrates shows, are inadequate in exceptional situations, and thus lack the rigidity demanded of a definition.

It is clear that the Stoics made considerable use of Xenophon's version of the argument from design, and their account of natural law also owed something to Socrates, if not only to Xenophon's Socrates.

Among the tide of Greek philosophy, three names tower above the rest: Socrates — even though he did not write anything himself, Plato, and Aristotle.

Socrates questions Theaetetus by drawing on his learning of how to write, and the idea that if you misplace individual elements ( letters ) of a name, that does not mean you have knowledge of it ( 208a ).

The philosophic dialogue, with or without Socrates as a character, continues to be used on occasion by philosophers when attempting to write engaging, literary works of philosophy which attempt to capture the subtle nuance and lively give-and-take of discourse as it actually takes place in intellectual conversation.

As Aristodemus awakes and leaves the house, Socrates is proclaiming to Agathon and Aristophanes that a skillful playwright should be able to write comedy as well as tragedy ( 223d ).

Mosley describes his father as a deep thinker and storyteller, a " black Socrates " and though his mother wasn't effusive, inspired in him the tools to write, filling his world with European classics from Dickens and Zola to Camus.

Though some scholars have argued that the long speech of Socrates contains later additions, and opinion is divided as to which author was first to write a Socratic symposium, recent scholarship generally holds that Xenophon wrote the Symposium in the second half of the 360s, benefiting from Plato's former Socratic literature.

Socrates of Constantinople, also known as Socrates Scholasticus, not to be confused with the Classical Greek philosopher Socrates, was a Greek Christian church historian, a contemporary of Sozomen and Theodoret, who used his work ; he was born at Constantinople c. 380: the date of his death is unknown.

No certainty exists as to Socrates ' precise vocation, though it may be inferred from his work that he was a layman.

The reception of Socrates ' work in early Armenian is significant, including an abridged version and a full translation.

Yet many of Plato's criticisms are hard to substantiate in the work of Isocrates, and at the end of his Phaedrus Plato even has Socrates praising Isocrates, though some scholars take this to be sarcastic.

1948 ; this work also includes such historical figures as Alcibiades, Aristippus, Avicenna, Democritus, and Dionysius the Younger as speakers ), and Iris Murdoch, who included not only Socrates and Alcibiades as interlocutors in her work Acastos: Two Platonic Dialogues ( 1986 ), but featured a young Plato himself as well.

Here he wrote his Neue Apologie des Socrates ( 1772 ), a work occasioned by an attack on the fifteenth chapter of Jean-François Marmontel's Belisarius by Peter Hofstede, a Rotterdam clergyman.

In the Physics he adopts and improves on Socrates ' teleological argument, the major premise of which is " Whatever exists for a useful purpose must be the work of an intelligence ".

The collections " Czyhanie na Boga " ( In Lurking for God ( 1918 )), " Sokrates tańczący " ( The Dancing Socrates ( 1920 )), " Siódma jesień " ( The Seventh Autumn ( 1922 )), and " Wierszy tom czwarty " ( Volume Four of Poems ( 1923 )) are typical of his early work.

In Plato's work, Socrates tells his friend, Crito, that he expects to be executed the day after next ( the Greeks counted inclusively, so the " third day " counts today as the first, tomorrow as the second, and the day after as the third ), interpreting the dream to mean that he will arrive at his new home one day later than Crito expects.

Coincidentally Anytus appears, whom Socrates praises as the son of Anthemion, who earned his fortune with intelligence and hard work.

For this narrative, Socrates gives as his authority " The Disputation Manes of Archelaus bishop of Caschar ," a work either unknown to or disregarded by Eusebius, who in his History ( vii. 31 ) briefly vilifies Manes without giving any of the above details.

" In the Symposium, the most famous ancient work on the subject, Plato has the middle-aged Athenian philosopher, Socrates, argue to aristocratic intellectuals and a young male acolyte in sexual pursuit of him, that eros helps the soul recall knowledge of beauty, and contributes to an understanding of spiritual truth, the ideal " Form " of youthful beauty that leads us humans to feel erotic desire -- thus suggesting that even that sensually-based love aspires to the non-corporeal, spiritual plane of existence ; that is, finding its truth, just like finding any truth, leads to transcendence.

Sozomen used the work of Socrates as a guide to sources and order.

For the period from Theodosius I, Sozomen stopped following the work of Socrates and followed Olympiodorus of Thebes, who was probably Sozomen's only secular source.

Because much of Sozomen's work follows Socrates, he has been criticized as attempting to compose a better church history than that of Socrates, but only being partially successful.

As a translator she produced Xenophon's Memoirs of Socrates, with the Defense of Socrates Before His Judges in 1762, a work by the Ancient Greek writer and soldier Xenophon concerning the philosopher Socrates.

This rather bold claim has puzzled readers and scholars of Plato's work for centuries because it clearly shows that Socrates saw genuine value in the irrational elements of human life, despite many other dialogues that show him arguing that one should pursue beauty and that wisdom is the most beautiful thing of all.

What are now called his are the work of a Socrates embellished and modernized ( Sokratous estin kalou kai neou gegonotos ).

* Philosopher John Searle suggests that the Western canon can be roughly defined as " a certain Western intellectual tradition that goes from, say, Socrates to Wittgenstein in philosophy, and from Homer to James Joyce in literature ..."

Therefore, Socrates reasons, at least one thing exists that certain gods love but other gods hate.

Socrates, not at all certain that he has not misrepresented Protagoras in making each man the measure of his own wisdom, presses Theodorus on the question of whether any follower of Protagoras ( himself included ) would contend that nobody thinks anyone else is wrong ( 170c ).

This appropriation of Socrates leads her to introduce novel concepts of conscience ( which gives no positive prescriptions but instead tells me what I cannot do if I would remain friends with myself when I re-enter the two-in-one of thought where I must render an account of my actions to myself ) and morality ( an entirely negative enterprise concerned with non-participation in certain actions for the sake of remaining friends with one's self ).

In the tradition of Socrates and Cicero, Vico's real orator or rhetorician will serve as midwife in the birth of " the true " ( as a form or idea ) out of " the certain " ( as the confusion or ignorance of the student's particularized mind ).

Socrates, probably the oldest member of the party, seems certain to be ruled out.

Socrates Scholasticus ( 5th century AD ) identifies the author of Aethiopica with a certain Heliodorus, bishop of Trikka.

Thus, " In a certain sense it is true what Socrates says, namely that no one sins with full knowledge ".

Socrates admits that Protagoras has given an excellent answer and that there is only one small thing to clarify which he is certain that the Sophist will do easily.

One feature of the dialogue is Socrates ' use of one of Meno's slaves to demonstrate his idea of anamnesis, that certain knowledge is innate and " recollected " by the soul through proper inquiry.

Crito informs Socrates that he is well-acquainted with the guard and has done him a certain benefaction.

Socrates replies that he has no doubt about the existence of mathematical, ethical and aesthetic Forms ( e. g., Unity, Plurality, Goodness, Beauty ), but is unsure of Forms of Man, Fire and Water ; he is almost certain, though admits to some reservations, that undignified objects like hair, mud and dirt do not have Forms.

For the remainder of the first part of the dialogue, Parmenides draws Socrates out on certain aspects of the Theory of Forms and in the process brings to bear five arguments against the theory.

No written instructions for an art can yield results clear or certain, Socrates states, but rather can only remind those that already know what writing is about.

While the statements of certain people often differ from one time to the next, Socrates claims that what philosophy says always stays the same ( 482b ).

Socrates rebukes this theory by reminding Cratylus of the imperfection of certain names in capturing the objects they seek to signify.

Platonism was originally expressed in the dialogues of Plato, in which the figure of Socrates is used to expound certain doctrines, that may or may not be similar to the thought of the historical Socrates, Plato's master.