Studies of membership trends, even in some areas where population is expanding, show that numbers of churches have had little net increase, though many new members were received.

Studies have found that generosity increases linearly from sad to happy affective states.

Studies have also been careful to note that feeling over-taxed by the needs of others has conversely negative effects on health and happiness.

Studies examining falls in this population show that 74-93 % of patients have fallen at least once in the past year and up to 60 % admit to fear of falling.

Studies with crickets have shown that a fear of spiders can develop before birth.

Studies of phytoplankton stocks in the southern sea have shown that the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is dominated by diatoms, while the Weddell Sea has abundant coccolithophorids and silicoflagellates.

Studies using mice have shown a similar treatment results in a permanent cure for about a third of the test subjects.

Studies have shown that numerous biological systems, such as Xenopus oocyte maturation, mammalian calcium signal transduction, and polarity in budding yeast, incorporate temporal ( slow and fast ) positive feedback loops, or more than one feedback loop that occurs at different times.

Studies have attempted to estimate a monetary loss for industries affected by piracy by predicting what portion of pirated works would have been formally purchased if they had not been freely available.

Studies have also found significant levels of toxins in fish and the waters they inhabit within the basin.

Starting in the 1980s, an expanding community of neuroscientists and psychologists have associated themselves with a field called Consciousness Studies, giving rise to a stream of experimental work published in books, journals such as Consciousness and Cognition, and methodological work published in journals such as the Journal of Consciousness Studies, along with regular conferences organized by groups such as the Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness.

Studies of the neuroscience of free will have also shown that the experiences that people report when they behave purposefully sometimes do not correspond to their actual behaviors or to the patterns of electrical activity recorded from their brains.

Studies conducted by the APPA show substantial evidence that young adults who feel a sense of belonging in a community, particularly small communities, develop fewer psychiatric and depressive disorders than those who do not have the feeling of love and belonging.

Studies have shown that the amount of glycerol in cervical fluid increases during sexual excitement.

Studies have found 50-85 % of conditioned athletes have benign sinus bradycardia, as compared to 23 % of the general population studied.

Studies have demonstrated that, due to the high incidence of accidents at these sites, some such segregated schemes can actually increase the number of car-bike collisions.

Studies in the brine shrimp have examined how water affects cell functions ; these saw that a 20 % reduction in the amount of water in a cell inhibits metabolism, with metabolism decreasing progressively as the cell dries out and all metabolic activity halting when the water level reaches 70 % below normal.

Studies on raccoons in the Southeast have yielded infection rates ranging from 47 % to as low as 15. 5 %.

Studies have been conducted to isolate the genes involved in the substance's production, so that it could be obtained recombinantly.

Studies showed that dentists graduated from different countries, or even from different dental schools in one country, may have different clinical decisions for the same clinical condition.

Studies have shown that, in many environments, the rate of erosion and runoff decreases exponentially with increased vegetation cover.

Studies have also shown that the PFC is extremely involved with autonoetic consciousness ( See Tulving's theory ).

Studies of CIAT have shown that further improvement is possible even after a patient has reached a " plateau " period of recovery.

Studies have shown that while test scores have improved over time, the improvement is not fully correlated with latent factors related to intelligence.

Studies have shown hydrocodone is stronger than codeine but only one-tenth as potent as morphine at binding to receptors and reported to be only 59 % as potent as morphine in analgesic properties.

Studies of Charles Darwin's notebooks have shown that Darwin arrived separately at the idea of natural selection which he set out in his 1859 book On the Origin of Species, but it has been speculated that he may have had some half-forgotten memory from his time as a student in Edinburgh of ideas of selection in nature as set out by Hutton, and by William Charles Wells and Patrick Matthew who had both been associated with the city before publishing their ideas on the topic early in the 19th century.

Studies have shown that heterosexual men and lesbians have different standards for what they consider attractive in women.

Studies by doctors have also shown in Hong Kong that the game is beneficial for individuals suffering from dementia or cognitive memory difficulties, leading to the development of mahjong therapy.

Studies examining the role of pro-and anti-apoptotic factors support this model ; for example, the anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 has been shown to interact with IP3Rs to reduce Ca < sup > 2 +</ sup > filling of the ER, leading to reduced efflux at the MAM and preventing collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential post-apoptotic stimuli.

Studies have shown that morphine can alter the expression of a number of genes.

Studies have shown that the average ice thickness has decreased in recent years.

Studies in 2007 have catalogued nucleosome positions in yeast and shown that nucleosomes are depleted in promoter regions and origins of replication.

Studies have shown that the abundances of these light elements are much lower than models of stellar evolution predict.

Studies of bacteria frozen in Antarctic glaciers have shown that DNA has a half-life of 1. 1 million years under such conditions, suggesting that while life may have potentially moved around within the Solar System it is unlikely that it could have arrived from an interstellar source.

Studies of production computer systems have consistently shown that a large fraction of all user-chosen passwords are readily guessed automatically.

Studies with sensory deprivation have shown that the brain is dependent on signals from the outer world to function properly.

Studies have shown that half of all patients whose treatment was delayed had complete loss of response to facial nerve stimulation.

Studies using neuropsychological tests and brain imaging technologies such as fMRI and PET to examine functional differences in brain activity have shown that differences seem to most commonly occur in the frontal lobes, hippocampus and temporal lobes.

Studies of the brain became more sophisticated after the invention of the microscope and the development of a staining procedure by Camillo Golgi during the late 1890s.

Studies show that AAC use does not impede the development of speech, and may even result in a modest increase in speech production.

Studies on transgenic mice reveal that calreticulin is cardiac embryonic gene that is essential during development.

This development was further strengthened by the establishment ( in 1996 ) of a series of conferences on the Evolution of Language ( now known as " Evolang "), promoting a scientific, multidisciplinary approach to the issue, and interest from major academic publishers ( e. g., the Studies in the Evolution of Language series has been appearing with Oxford University Press since 2001 ) and scientific journals.

Some of the major research ventures undertaken by these schools include the pioneering work done by the School of Environmental Studies in highlighting the presence of arsenic in groundwater in countries like India and Bangladesh and the development of the first alcohol based car by the School of Automobile Engineering.

Studies of hypolactasia onset have demonstrated that despite polymorphisms there is little difference in lactase expression in infants, showing that the mutations become increasingly relevant during development.

Studies have indicated that variation in genes can play an important role in the development of mental disorders, although the reliable identification of connections between specific genes and specific categories of disorder has proven more difficult.

Studies in molecular spectroscopy led to the development of the first maser and contributed to the subsequent development of the laser.

The UNU Institute of Advanced Studies ( Yokohama, Japan ) seeks to advance knowledge and promote learning for policy making to meet the challenges of environmentally sustainable development.

Particularly strong evidence for a role of working memory for development comes from a longitudinal study showing that working-memory capacity at one age predicts reasoning ability at a later age Studies in the Neo-Piagetian tradition have added to this picture by analyzing the complexity of cognitive tasks in terms of the number of items or relations that have to be considered simultaneously for a solution.

Studies done on the potential of the embryo at different stages have shown that at both the two and four cell stage of development P. flava blastomeres can go on to give rise to a tornaria larvae, so fates of these embryonic cells don ’ t seem to be established till after this stage.

* After 2015: ' 3D Human Wellbeing ', policy briefing on the value of refocusing development on 3D human wellbeing for pro-poor policy change, from the Institute of Development Studies, UK.

Studies are mandated in pastoral care and psychology, the historical development of Judaism and most importantly the academic study of Bible, Talmud and Rabbinic Literature, Philosophy and Theology, Liturgy, Jewish History, and Hebrew Literature of all periods.

Its predecessor was Communication Studies in the Department of Chinese Language and Literature and its establishment of coincides with the development of media increasingly influencing world affairs in a time of fast-growing globalization.

Studies have found that it depends on what teens are doing online that determines whether high Internet use is harmful to their development.

An additional $ 5 million in funding was announced to cover development of new software applications, while the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education ( OISE ) was asked to convert 30 existing programs to the new machine.

Dr. Jim Cummins is a professor at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education of the University of Toronto where he works on language development and literacy development of learners of English as an additional language.

In addition to the annual Festival, Aldeburgh Music also runs the Britten-Pears Young Artist Programme ( formerly the Britten-Pears School for Advanced Musical Studies ), Aldeburgh Residencies-a programme offering bespoke training and development opportunities to UK and international artists – Aldeburgh Young Musicians for exceptionally talented young people between the ages of 8 and 18, The Jerwood Opera Writing Programme, for the development of new opera, as well as an extensive education programme.

The East Asian Institute for International Studies at Wittenberg University manages an internship program, provides export development services, and organizes programs and events focusing on international business and East Asia.

Papyrus swamp development in the Upemba Basin, Zaire: Studies of population structure in Cyperus papyrus stands.