Such approaches may be based in scientific fields such as evolutionary psychology or sociobiology, with a focus on understanding and explaining observed ethical preferences and choices.

Such foundational approaches range between foundationalism and formalism.

Such approaches are:

Such expansions of team task assignments can make teams more effective and require teams to spend greater amounts of time discussing and planning strategies and approaches for completing assigned tasks ( Hackman, et al., 1976 ).

Such approaches implicitly entail Stevens's definition of measurement, which requires only that numbers are assigned according to some rule.

Such approaches provide powerful information regarding the nature of developmental growth within various domains.

Such bottom-up approaches should, broadly speaking, be able to produce devices in parallel and much cheaper than top-down methods, but could potentially be overwhelmed as the size and complexity of the desired assembly increases.

Such approaches expand on neo-Marxian scholarship related to development and underdevelopment postulated by André Gunder Frank and Immanuel Wallerstein.

( Such approaches are also often known as interculturalism.

Such a case uses one of four approaches:

Such approaches promise the advent of " personalized medicine "; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup.

Such research addresses empirical puzzles that are difficult to explain using primordialist, instrumentalist, or constructivist approaches alone ; such as why some ethnic disputes escalate to violence while others-even in the same geographic region-do not.

Such narrow approaches should be replaced by a technique for the planning and management of land resources that is integrated and holistic and where land users are central.

Such genetic approaches rely on either linear or circular targeting vectors to carry out homologous recombination .< ref > Feederle, Regina, Emmalene J. Bartlett, and Henri-Jacques Delecluse.

Such a view, such global consciousness, may be termed internationalism, the idea that nations and peoples should cooperate instead of preoccupying themselves with their respective national interests or pursuing uncoordinated approaches to promote them.

Zoltan Galantai has defined a further extrapolation of the scale, a Type IV level which controls the energy output of the visible universe ; this is within a few orders of magnitude of 10 < sup > 45 </ sup > W. Such a civilization approaches or surpasses the limits of speculation based on current scientific understanding, and may not be possible.

Such approaches emphasises that women's experiences continue to be excluded from the study of international relations.

Such a policy can complement or avert the need for regulatory ( command and control ) approaches.

Such approaches often reference self-ownership, ethical intuitionism, or the right to life.

Such a term may be used to describe the approaches to an " ideal " defensive fortification.

Furthermore, recordings of acceleration allow researchers to quantify the rate at which an animal is expending energy in the wild, by either determination of limb-stroke frequency or measures such as overall dynamic body acceleration Such approaches have mostly been adopted by marine scientists due to an inability to study animals in the wild using visual observations, however an increasing number of terrestrial biologists are adopting similar approaches.

Such theories draw on a variety of social scientific disciplines and approaches, and include historical theories such as:

Such approaches are believed to be most effective in treating minor and chronic diseases, in part because of milder side effects.

Such operations would be executed well forward and early in a conflict to carry out the primary wartime mission of Third Fleet — the defense of the western sea approaches to the United States, including Alaska and the Aleutian Islands.

Such extra-thick insulation not only permits a much smaller cooling installation, but will continue to reduce operating expenses both in heating and cooling.

Such an effect is specifically searched for with tailor-made superplasticizers developed to increase the workability of concrete and to reduce its water content.

Such legal reserve requirements were introduced in the 19th century as an attempt to reduce the risk of banks overextending themselves and suffering from bank runs, as this could lead to knock-on effects on other overextended banks.

Such persistent connections reduce request latency perceptibly, because the client does not need to re-negotiate the TCP connection after the first request has been sent.

Such products reduce the use of raw materials for framing and stuffing and reduce transportation weight and volume to about 15 % of that of conventional furniture ;

Such an algorithm contradicts fundamental laws of mathematics because, if it existed, it could be applied repeatedly to losslessly reduce any file to length 0.

Such genetic pollution from escaped aquaculture stock can reduce the wild population ’ s ability to adjust to the changing natural environment.

Such efficiency gains mean a one-off increase in GDP, but through improved incentives to innovate and reduce costs also tend to raise the rate of economic growth.

Such carrier traps are sometimes purposely added to reduce the time needed to reach the steady state.

Such treatments reduce the level of threat of harmful chemicals, like fly and bottom ash, while also recycling the safe product.

Such fouling can reduce maximum vessel speed by up to 20 %, prolonging voyages and consuming fuel.

Such management practices that succeed in retaining suitable soil cover in areas under fallow will ultimately reduce soil loss.

Such efforts are non-rival since climate mitigation provided to one does not reduce the level of mitigation that anyone else enjoys.

Such an unfortunate event could reduce the legitimacy of a ruling dynasty by causing others to perceive it as having lost the Mandate of Heaven ; this was a good reason for dynastic authorities to maintain a smooth and efficient canal system.

Such species have desirable traits such as being fast-growing sources of wood, producing oil that can be used for cleaning and functions as a natural insecticide, or an ability to be used to drain swamps and thereby reduce the risk of malaria.

Such therapy can reduce or eliminate menstruation in a controlled and reversible fashion.

Such local currency initiatives have been more widely criticized in light of limited success stimulating new spending in local economies and as an unrealistic strategy to reduce carbon emissions.

Such local currency initiatives have been more widely criticized in light of limited success stimulating new spending in local economies and as an unrealistic strategy to reduce carbon emissions.

Implicit self-esteem is assessed using indirect measures of cognitive processing, including the Name Letter Task Such indirect measures are designed to reduce awareness of, or control of, the process of assessment.

Such high-temperature corrosion products, in the form of compacted oxide layer glazes, prevent or reduce wear during high-temperature sliding contact of metallic ( or metallic and ceramic ) surfaces.

Such procedures, and FGM in general, were once performed on many children in Western countries such as the United States as well, to discourage masturbation and reduce diseases believed to relate to it, but by the 1960s this practice was recognized as abusive and discontinued.

Such surfaces can be used to reduce heat transfer in both directions ; an example of this is the multi-layer insulation used to insulate spacecraft.

Such proteins include splicing activators that promote the usage of a particular splice site, and splicing repressors that reduce the usage of a particular site.

Such tools support different types of benchmarking ( see above ) and can reduce the above costs significantly.