Sufism or () is defined by its adherents as the inner, mystical dimension of Islam.

Inayat Khan () ( July 5, 1882 – February 5, 1927 ) was the founder of The Sufi Order in the West in 1914 ( London ) and teacher of Universal Sufism.

The Macedonian Muslims (), also known as Muslim Macedonians or Torbeš, () ( the latter name is slightly pejorative ), and in older sources grouped together with Pomaks, are a minority religious group within the community of ethnic Macedonians who are Muslims ( primarily Sunni, although Sufism is widespread among the population ).

In Sufism, the concept ' īṯār ( altruism ) is the notion of ' preferring others to oneself.

In traditions such as classical Hinduism, Zen Buddhism or Islamic Sufism, a key to enlightenment is " transcending " this sort of dualistic thinking, without merely substituting dualism with monism or pluralism.

Ishq, or divine love, is the emphasis of Sufism in the Islamic tradition.

Practitioners of Sufism believe that love is a projection of the essence of God to the universe.

Since everything is a reflection of God, the school of Sufism practices to see the beauty inside the apparently ugly.

Sufism is often referred to as the religion of love.

God in Sufism is referred to in three main terms, which are the Lover, Loved, and Beloved, with the last of these terms being often seen in Sufi poetry.

A common viewpoint of Sufism is that through love, humankind can get back to its inherent purity and grace.

Baba indicated that this particular soul personifies the state of God which in Hinduism is named Vishnu and in Sufism is named Parvardigar, i. e. the sustainer or preserver state of God.

The first sees it as a sign that one is too attached to the material world, while Sufism took it to represent a feeling of personal insufficiency, that one was not getting close enough to God and did not or could not do enough for God in this world.

The Islamic religious tradition, in particular Sufism and Alevism has a strong belief in the unitary nature of the universe and the concept that everything in it is an aspect of God itself, although this perspective leans closer to panentheism and may also be termed Theopanism.

Classical Sufi scholars have defined Sufism as " a science whose objective is the reparation of the heart and turning it away from all else but God ".

However, according to Idries Shah, the Sufi philosophy is universal in nature, its roots predating the rise of Islam and the other modern-day religions, save for perhaps Buddhism and Jainism ; likewise, some Muslims consider Sufism outside the sphere of Islam.

The pastoral care function of the Christian clergy such as a Catholic priest or Protestant pastor is fulfilled for many Muslims by a murshid (" guide "), master of the spiritual sciences and disciplines known as tasawuf or Sufism.

* The German ambient musician and multi-instrumentalist Klaus Wiese released an album titled Samarkand, which is dedicated to the Ḥāl concept of Sufism.

The Sufi Order International is an organization dedicated to " Universal Sufism " as elaborated by Hazrat Inayat Khan.

Traditional Sufism is a branch of Islam that provides a more personal and mystical connection to its enlightenment, or “ divine love .” It originated in the Middle East and North East Africa as a sect of Islam that internalized Islamic beliefs.

This is largely based on the contention that Zevi ’ s exile into the Balkans brought him into close contact with several forms of unorthodox Sufism which existed in the region.

The often claimed connection between the movement and Bektashi Sufism is based merely on circumstantial evidence and coincidence rather than any concrete substantiation.

Proof that Bahya borrowed from Sufism is underscored by the fact that the title of his eighth gate, Muḥasabat al-Nafs (" Self-Examination "), is reminiscent of the Sufi Abu Abd Allah Ḥarith Ibn-Asad, who has been surnamed El Muḥasib (" the self-examiner "), because — say his biographers —" he was always immersed in introspection "

In Sufism one starts with Islamic law, the exoteric or mundane practice of Islam and then is initiated onto the mystical path of a tariqa.

A tariqa is a school of Sufism.

The Sufis were practitioners of the esoteric mystic traditions within an Islam at certain point sufism defined by the sufi master or Pir ( Sufism ) or fakeer or Wali in the language of the people by dancing and singing and incorporating various philosophies, theologies, ideologies and religions together.

While other branches of Islam generally focus on exoteric aspects of religion, Sufism is mainly focused on the direct perception of truth or God through mystic practices based on divine love.

* Mansur Al-Hallaj, a Persian mystic, writer, and teacher of Sufism

Mansur al-Hallaj ( ; full name ) ( March 26, 922 ) ( Hijri 309 AH ) was a Persian mystic, revolutionary writer and teacher of Sufism, most famous for his poetry, accusation of heresy and for his execution at the orders of the Abbasid Caliph Al-Muqtadir after a long, drawn-out investigation.

As it is, the mystic streams of Sufism and Bhakti had considerable philosophical and stylistic overlap ; Ghaus in his text Bahr-ul-Hayat ( Ocean of Life ) devotes several chapters to Yoga practices.

Among the best known are: Ishaq ibn Hunain ( d. 911 ) ( son of Hunain ibn Ishaq ), the physician and translator of Greek philosophical works into Arabic ; ibn Fadlan, the explorer ; al Battani ( d. 923 ), astronomer ; Tabari ( d. 923 ), historian and theologian ; al-Razi ( d. 930 ), philosopher who made fundamental and lasting contributions to the fields of medicine, chemistry ; al-Farabi ( d. 950 ), chemist and philosopher ; Abu Nasr Mansur ( d. 1036 ), mathematician ; Alhazen ( d. 1040 ), mathematician ; al-Biruni ( d. 1048 ), mathematician, astronomer, physicist ; Omar Khayyám ( d. 1123 ), poet, mathematician, and astronomer ; Mansur Al-Hallaj a mystic, writer and teacher of Sufism most famous for his apparent, but disputed, self-proclaimed divinity, his poetry and for his execution for heresy by Caliph Al-Muqtadir.

Poet Nasīmī (?- 1417 ) and other Hurufis make kabbalistic tendencies subordinate to mystic concepts of Sufism, and specifically those of Mansur Al-Hallaj, who was another great influence on Nasīmī.

Found in many parts of the Muslim world, Sufism endeavored to produce a personal experience of the divine through mystic and ascetic discipline.

Also known as a Salik (), a murid is an initiate into the mystic philosophy of Sufism.

Khoja Ahmed Yasawi ( Khawaja or Khwaja ( Arabic: خواجة ‎ khawājah, Persian: خواجه pronounced khâje ) corresponds to " master " in Persian ), also spelled as Khawajah Akhmet Yassawi, was the 12th-century head of a regional school of Sufism, a mystic movement in Islam which began in the 9th century.

Diagram of " Plain of Assembly "( Ard al-Hashr ) on the Day of Judgment, from autograph manuscript of Futuhat al-Makkiyya by Sufism | Sufi mystic and philosopher Ibn Arabi, ca.

He taught in the tradition of Universal Sufism, which views all religions as rays of light from the same sun.

With the coming about of the tradition of Sufism, Islamic missionary activities increased considerably.

Rather their joint effect is to impart to Sufism a cumulant body of tradition, rather than individual and isolated experiences.

In addition to his writings on anarchism and Temporary Autonomous Zones, Bey has written essays on such diverse topics as Tong traditions, the utopian Charles Fourier, the fascist Gabriele D ' Annunzio, alleged connections between Sufism and ancient Celtic culture, technology and Luddism, Amanita muscaria use in ancient Ireland, and sacred pederasty in the Sufi tradition.

The tradition is now undergoing reevaluation by the anthropological and archaeological developments in the study of its root sources, namely, Ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia and the Greco-Roman world, Druidism and other pagan sources, as well as Abrahamic ( Judeo-Christian-Islamic ) esotericism such as Manichaeism, Sufism and Sikhism.

In a few areas, notably Dagestan and Chechnya, there is a tradition of Sunni Sufism, which is represented by Naqshbandi and Shadhili schools, whose spiritual master Shaykh Said Afandi al-Chirkawi receives hundreds of visitor daily.

A primarily male spiritual manifestation is Sufism, an Islamic mystical tradition.

The tradition of Islamic mysticism known as Sufism appeared very early in Islam and became essentially a popular movement emphasizing worship out of a love of Allah rather than fear.

Sufism stresses a direct, unstructured, personal devotion to God in place of the ritualistic, outward observance of the faith and " a Sufi aims to attain spiritual union with God through love " An important belief in the Sufi tradition is that the average believer may use spiritual guides in his pursuit of the truth.

Sufism has a strong tradition in Pakistan.

In Bengal, the Baul tradition of folk music produced a syncretist poetry which merged Sufism with many local images.

Examples of esoteric cosmologies can be found in Gnosticism, Neoplatonism, Nagualism, Nagualism ( Carlos Castaneda ), Tantra ( especially Kashmir Shaivism ), Kabbalah, Sufism, the teachings of Jacob Boehme, The Urantia Book, the Sant Mat / Surat Shabda Yoga tradition, Theosophy, Anthroposophy, The Cosmic Tradition of Max Theon and his wife, Max Heindel ( The Rosicrucian Cosmo-Conception ), elements of the teachings of Sri Aurobindo, Meher Baba, the Fourth Way propounded by Gurdjieff and Ouspensky, PaGaian Cosmology and many current New Age teachings, to give only a few examples.

" Bedtime Story " has left a legacy, with several critics, writers and scholars claiming that the song foreshadowed the singer's move towards electronic music in her future work ; it was also written that it was part of the singer's influence in popularizing Sufism and the Mevlevi tradition in mainstream Western culture.