Classical Sufis were characterised by their attachment to dhikr ( a practice of repeating the names of God ) and asceticism.

Karaites absorbed certain aspects of Jewish sects such as Isawites ( Shi ' ism ), Malikites ( Sunnis ) and Yudghanites ( Sufis ), who were influenced by East-Islamic scholarship yet deferred to Ash ' ari when contemplating the sciences.

Tariqas were brought to China in the 17th century by Ma Laichi and other Chinese Sufis who had studied in Mecca and Yemen, and had also been influenced by spiritual descendants of the Kashgarian Sufi master Afaq Khoja.

The Bedouin tribes had shown no interest in the ecstatic practices of the Sufis that were gaining adherents in the towns, but they were attracted in great numbers to the Senussis.

Many of the major historical ghazal poets were either avowed Sufis themselves ( like Rumi or Hafiz ), or were sympathizers with Sufi ideas.

The Brethren of Purity and the Sufis were united in many points of doctrine.

However, some saints are venerated by Sufis because of their religious reputations, whether or not they were associated with an order or one of its communities.

Sufis were responsible for most conversions.

Despite the Afghan Sufis stable position in Afghan society, Sufi leaders were among those executed in 1978-1979 following the communist Saur Revolution, among them Baha ' uddin Jan, the pir naqshbandi of the Aimaq of Purchaman District, Farah.

The Muslims of Albania were divided into two main communities: those associated with Sunni Islam and those associated with the Bektashi Sufis, a mystic Dervish order that came to Albania during the Ottoman period, primarily during the 18th and 19th centuries.

During Qianlong's reign there were clashes between the Qing authorities and the Jahriyya Sufi sect, but not with the majority non Sufi sunnis or the Khafiyya Sufis.

Sometimes hesychasm has been compared to the meditative techniques of oriental religions and it is possible that there were interactions between Hesychasts and Sufis, but this has not been proven.

This conversion was done before the armies of Shahabudin Ghauri entered into the Indian Plateau to conquer whilst he was very young in his teens and inclined towards Islamic philosophy of the Sufis, whose missionary efforts were gaining popularity in Northern India.

There is evidence in his poem, that both Khan and Qazi were Sufis.

I say mystery because they keep it hidden amongst them and if it were not for my Pandit ; and that Danishmand Khan knew the mysteries of the cabal of the Sufis, I would not know as much as I did.

There are, however, certain esoteric and mystical schools of thought, present in many faiths — Sufis in Islam, Gnostics in Christianity, Advaitan Hindus, Zen Buddhists, as well as several non-specific perspectives developed in new age philosophy — which hold that all humans are in essence divine, or unified with the Divine in a non-trivial way.

Sufis pass esoteric knowledge and baraka from the master sheikh to the aspirant through the passing of the khirqa.

Amir Khusrau of the Chisti order of Sufis is credited with fusing the Persian and South Asian musical traditions, to create Qawwali as well as the classical music tradition.

As in other areas where Sufis introduced it, Islam to some extent syncretized with pre-Islamic influences, resulting in a religion with some traditions distinct from other parts of the Muslim world.

His disciple and other Sufis like Hazrat Ibrahim Sangani and his sons, Hazrat Abdullah AI-Ghazani, Hazrat Ziauddin Ghazanavi and Hazrat Shah Hamzah Hussaini kept their noble litterateur's traditions alive in Bijapur.

According to Sunni traditions reported by Imam Al-Suyuti, the Ghawth or Qutb, who is regarded among Sufis as the highest person in the rank of siddiqun ( saints ), is someone who has a heart that resembles that of Archangel Israfel, signifying the loftiness of this angel.

The Sufis within these two sects are much more ambiguous about its use as seen in the concept of " Barakah ".

In Christianity, there is the silence of contemplative prayer such as centering prayer and Christian meditation ; in Islam, there are the wisdom writings of the Sufis who insist on the importance of finding silence within.

Takfiris, on the other hand, exist in every Muslim sect, large or small, and often their fingers point not only to those who supposedly belong to a rival sect, but also to those within their own ; one example of this is the clear enmity between the Sufis and Salafi.

There are monist pantheists and panentheists in Zoroastrianism, Hinduism ( particularly in Advaita and Vishistadvaita ), Judaism ( monistic panentheism is especially found in Kabbalah and Hasidic philosophy ), and in Islam ( among the Sufis, especially the Bektashi ).

Sufis generally hold to a much more inclusivist and tolerant view of other faiths and religious systems than traditional Sunni and Shi ' a Islam.

There are monist pantheists and panentheists in Hinduism ( particularly in Advaita and Vishistadvaita respectively ), Judaism ( monistic panentheism is especially found in Kabbalah and Hasidic philosophy ), in Christianity ( especially among Oriental Orthodox, Eastern Orthodox, and Anglicans ) and in Islam ( among the Sufis, especially the Bektashi ).

Like Shah's other books on the topic, The Sufis was conspicuous for avoiding terminology that might have identified his interpretation of Sufism with traditional Islam.

The Sufis, divided into many sects and orders, incorporate many mystical doctrines and rituals into Islam, but many also consider themselves Shi ' i or Sunnis.

According to Hadith which is narrated by Shia and Sufis, Muhammad told about him " I'm the city of knowledge and Ali is its gate ..." Muslims regard Ali as a major authority on Islam.

‘ Alī ibn Mūsā al-Riḍā () ( commonly known as, ‘ Alī al-Riḍā, Ali Rezā, or Ali Rizā ) ( December 29, 765 – August 23, 818 ) was the seventh descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the eighth of the Twelve Imams, according to Shia sect of Islam as well as an Imam of knowledge according to the Zaydi Shia school and Sufis.

* Qawwali: the devotional music of the Sufis, a mystical tradition of Islam.

Tirana soon became the center of Albanian art, culture and religion ( especially with the Spread of Islam and the Bektashi Sufis, it became famous because of its strategic position at the heart of Albania.

He also was a great upholder of the Sharia and rebuffed the idea that outward observances of Islam are not important for Sufis.

The religion of Islam entered the region in many different ways, the Muslim traders, the Turkish conquest and, the missionary activities of the Muslim Sufis.

Jadids saw the Ulama and the Sufis not as pillars of Islamic principals, but rather as proponents of a popular form of Islam that was hostile to both modernization and authentic Islamic tradition.

African Islam and Islam in Africa: Encounters Between Sufis and Islamists.

The Turks began converting to Islam through the efforts of missionaries, Sufis, and merchants.

Nefta is considered by most Sufis to be the spiritual home of Sufism, a mystical branch of Islam ; many religious buildings are located in the district El Bayadha.

While traditionally Islamic jurists have concentrated on Islam and theologians on Iman, the Sufis have focused their attention on Ihsan.

Junayd of Baghdad () was one of the most famous of the early Persian Muslim mystics, or Sufis, of Islam and is a central figure in the golden chain of many Sufi orders.

But Rāzī, who like Ghazālī adhered to the Sunnite branch of Islam and followed the Ash ' arite theology, focused his attention on the exploration and analysis of the visionary states experienced by the Sufis in the course of their mystical journey.

Although it happened gradually over the time, now nearly all Meo embrace Islam due to the efforts of Sufis, historical changes and different movements.