He married with Mahpeyker and had five children from her: Murad IV, Ibrahim I, Ayşe Sultan, Shahzade Suleiman and Shahzade Kasim.

Ahmed II was born at Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, the son of Sultan Ibrahim I ( 1640 – 48 ) by Valide Sultan Khadija Muazzez, and succeeded his brother Suleiman II ( 1687 – 91 ) in 1691.

The culmination of Islamic dominance in the region occurred in 1557 when an Ottoman invasion during the time of Suleiman I and under Özdemir Pasha ( who had declared the province of Habesh in 1555 ) took the port city of Massawa and the adjacent city of Arqiqo, even taking Debarwa, then capital of the local ruler Bahr negus Yeshaq ( ruler of Midri Bahri ).

The conquests of Nice ( 1543 ) and Corsica ( 1553 ) occurred on behalf of France as a joint venture between the forces of the French king Francis I and the Ottoman sultan Suleiman I, and were commanded by the Ottoman admirals Barbarossa Hayreddin Pasha and Turgut Reis.

In August 1523 he was forced into an alliance with the Empire, England, and Venice against France ; meanwhile, in 1522 the Sultan Suleiman I ( 1520 – 66 ) had conquered Rhodes.

Suleiman I (;, Sultān Suleimān-i evvel or, Kānūnī Sultān Suleimān, Modern Turkish: I. Süleyman () or Kanuni Sultan Süleyman ; 6 November 1494 – 5 / 6 / 7 September 1566 ) was the tenth and longest-reigning Emperor, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, from 1520 to his death in 1566.

Upon the death of his father, Selim I ( 1465 – 1520 ), Suleiman entered Constantinople and acceded to the throne as the tenth Ottoman Sultan.

Upon encountering the lifeless body of King Louis, Suleiman is said to have lamented: " I came indeed in arms against him ; but it was not my wish that he should be thus cut off while he scarcely tasted the sweets of life and royalty.

In 1535 Charles V won an important victory against the Ottomans at Tunis, which together with the war against Venice the following year, led Suleiman to accept proposals from Francis I of France to form an alliance against Charles.

Francis I of France | Francis I ( left ) and Suleiman the Magnificent ( right ) initiated a Franco-Ottoman alliance from the 1530s.

Indeed, such was the perceived threat of the Ottoman Empire under the reign of Suleiman that ambassador Busbecq warned of Europe's imminent conquest: " On Turks ' side are the resources of a mighty empire, strength unimpaired, habituation to victory, endurance of toil, unity, discipline, frugality and watchfulness ... Can we doubt what the result will be ?... When the Turks have settled with Persia, they will fly at our throats supported by the might of the whole East ; how unprepared we are I dare not say.

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* 1529 – The Siege of Vienna begins when Suleiman I attacks the city.

This time King Henry VIII of England is allied to the Emperor, while James V of Scotland and Sultan Suleiman I are allied to the French.

September 22: Suleiman I.

Suleiman the Magnificient | Suleiman receiving Isabella Jagiełło | Isabella and her infant son John II Sigismund Zápolya | Sigismund, circa 1540.

Through this, he learned that Suleiman was still receiving letters from Rahma, whose correspondence always included the cryptic phrase " Take care of Abdoul Razoul ".

For much of his reign the country was governed by his mother Isabella Jagiellon, with continued support from Suleiman.

For much of his reign the country was governed by his mother, Isabella, with the support of the sultan Suleiman the Magnificent.

In 1541, after the reoccupation of Buda, Isabella went to Transylvania on the order of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent, where she reigned with her child over the territories under her authority.

Agostino Veneziano's engraving of Ottoman Empire | Ottoman emperor Suleiman the Magnificent.

| Michel Suleiman

King John II Sigismund Zápolya | John Sigismund of Hungary with Suleiman in 1556.

The Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent, awaits the arrival of his Grand Vizier Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha at Buda, in the year 1529.

Ottoman Empire | Ottoman tughra of Suleiman the Magnificent, 1520, with flowers and saz leaves.

September 23: Suleiman the Magnificent | Suleiman besieges Vienna.

The List of campaigns of Suleiman the Magnificent | Ottoman campaign in Hungary in 1566, Crimean Tatars as vanguard

Charles V, enthroned over his defeated enemies ( from left ): Suleiman the Magnificient | Suleiman, Pope Clement VII, Francis I of France | Francis I, the William, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg | Duke of Cleves, the John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony | Duke of Saxony and the Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse | Landgrave of Hesse.

File: Tughra Suleiman. jpg | Decorated tughra of Süleyman the Magnificent ( 1520 )

Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor | Charles V, enthroned over his defeated enemies ( from left ): Suleiman the Magnificent, Pope Clement VII, Francis I of France | Francis I, the William, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg | Duke of Cleves, the John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony | Duke of Saxony and the Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse | Landgrave of Hesse.

However, other nobles turned to the nobleman John Zápolya who, being supported by Suleiman, remained unrecognized by the Christian powers of Europe.

* July 28 – Ottoman Sultan Suleiman I begins his siege of the Knights of St. John in Rhodes.

Suleiman takes Buda, while Archduke Ferdinand of Austria and John Zapolya, Prince of Transylvania, dispute over the succession.

In 1522, Suleiman II drove the Knight Hospitaller of St. John out of Rhodes.

In the first years of John III's reign, explorations in the Far East continued and the Portuguese reached China and Japan ; however, these accomplishments were offset by pressure from a strengthening Ottoman Empire under Suleiman the Magnificent, especially in India, where attacks became more frequent.

Visiting faculty have included Giorgio Agamben, Chantal Akerman, Pierre Alféri, Pierre Aubenque, Alain Badiou, Lewis Baltz, Julian Barnes, Jean Baudrillard, Yve-Alain Bois, Catherine Breillat, Victor Burgin, Judith Butler, Sophie Calle, Hélène Cixous, Diane Davis, Manuel DeLanda, Claire Denis, Jacques Derrida, Tracey Emin, Bracha Ettinger, Christopher Fynsk, Antony Gormley, Peter Greenaway, Durs Grünbein, Werner Hamacher, Barbara Hammer, Donna Haraway, Michael Hardt, Martin Hielscher, Michel Houellebecq, Shelley Jackson, Mitchell Joachim, Friedrich Kittler, Claude Lanzmann, Christian Marclay, Colum McCann, Carl Mitcham, Jean-Luc Nancy, Klaus Ottmann, Hans Ulrich Obrist, Cornelia Parker, Laurence A. Rickels, Avital Ronell, Paul D. Miller a. k. a. DJ Spooky that Subliminal Kid, Wolfgang Schirmacher, Volker Schlöndorff, Michael Schmidt, Hendrik Speck, Bruce Sterling, Allucquére Sandy Stone, Elia Suleiman, Friedrich Ulfers, Gregory Ulmer, Agnès Varda, Paul Virilio, Victor J. Vitanza, Hubertus von Amelunxen, Margarethe von Trotta, John Waters, Samuel Weber, Caveh Zahedi, Krzysztof Zanussi, Siegfried Zielinski, Slavoj Žižek and Jan Zwicky.

Allegory showing Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor | Charles V ( center ) enthroned over his defeated enemies ( from left to right ): Suleiman the Magnificent, Pope Clement VII, Francis I of France | Francis I, the William, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg | Duke of Cleves, the John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony | Duke of Saxony and Philip I of the Landgrave of Hesse.

Ferdinand won recognition only in western Hungary ; while a noble called John Zápolya, from a power-base in Transylvania, challenged him for the crown and was recognised as king by Suleiman in return for accepting vassal status within the Ottoman Empire.

On the 18th he reached the Mohács plain, to be greeted by a substantial cavalry force led by John Zápolya ( which would later accompany Suleiman to Vienna ), who paid him homage and helped him recapture several fortresses lost since the Battle of Mohács to the Austrians, including Buda, which fell on the 8th of September.

The Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent returns the Holy Crown to John Zápolya.

Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor | Charles V, enthroned over his defeated enemies ( from left ): Suleiman the Magnificient | Suleiman, Pope Clement VII, Francis I of France | Francis I, the William, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg | Duke of Cleves, the John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony | Duke of Saxony and the Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse | Landgrave of Hesse.

" However, spokesperson John Pavlik states that the Academy had never made a decision on that issue because Suleiman had never submitted his film.

Some of those families carry surnames such as Youhanna ( John ), Hanania ( Ananias ), Sahyoun ( Zion ), Eliyya / Elias ( Elijah ), Chamoun / Shamoun ( Simeon / Simon ), Semaan / Simaan ( Simeon / Simon ), Menassa ( Manasseh ), Salamoun / Suleiman ( Solomon ), Youwakim ( Joachim ), Zakariya ( Zacharias ) and others.

King John Sigismund of Hungary with Suleiman the Magnificent in 1556.

By the end of 1522, the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent had forcibly ejected the Order of the Knights Hospitaller of St. John of Jerusalem from their base on Rhodes after the six-month siege.

In his history of the Order of St. John, the 18th-century historian Abbe Vertot ( whose history is largely based on-but often confuses-the earlier one of Giacomo Bosio ) indicates that Valette was indeed the same age as both Suleiman I and Lala Kara Mustafa Pasha ( the commander of the Ottoman land forces ), which would mean that he was actually 70 years old at the time of the siege.