According to legend Penn made a treaty of friendship with Lenape chief Tammany under an elm tree at Shackamaxon, in what is now the city's Fishtown section.

In a special election, Clinton defeated the Federalist Nicholas Fish and the Tammany Hall candidate Marinus Willett, to become Lieutenant Governor under Governor Daniel D. Tompkins until the end of the term in June 1813.

This list was compiled from famous cover-ups such as Watergate Scandal, Iran-Contra Affair, My Lai Massacre, Pentagon Papers, the cover-up of corruption in New York City under Boss Tweed ( William M. Tweed and Tammany Hall ) in the late 1800s, and the tobacco industry coverup of the health hazards of smoking.

However, Tammany Hall also served as an engine for graft and political corruption, perhaps most infamously under William M. " Boss " Tweed in the mid-19th century.

Tammany never recovered, but it staged a small scale come-back in the early 1950s under the leadership of Carmine DeSapio, who succeeded in engineering the elections of Robert Wagner, Jr., an outspoken liberal Democrat, as mayor in 1953 and Averell Harriman as state governor in 1954, while simultaneously blocking his enemies, especially Franklin D. Roosevelt, Jr. in the 1954 race for state Attorney General.

The once mighty Tammany political machine, now deprived of its leadership, quickly faded from political importance, and by the mid-1960s it ceased to exist, its demise as the controlling group of the New York Democratic Party sealed when the Village Independent Democrats under Ed Koch wrested away control of the Manhattan party.

The legend is that Penn made a treaty of friendship with Lenape chief Tammany under an elm tree at Shackamaxon, in what became the city's Kensington District.

Sulzer and many historians later affirmed that the impeachment charges were made under instructions from Murphy, to remove him as an obstacle to Tammany Hall's influence in state politics.

( as of 2012, he was the last NY Mayor to accomplish this feat ) Hoffman's election was aided by Tammany Hall under the leadership of its boss William Tweed.

After the American Civil War the Democratic Party under Boss William Tweed's Tammany Hall gained a monopoly in both New York City Hall and the New York Legislature.

New York City workers under the Tammany Hall system were paid excessive rates on the burden of tax payers.

To reduce costs it was revised in November 1870, and completed under the new Tammany Hall regime as an open painted-wood pavilion.

On the second ballot, Tammany threw its support behind Butler, but the rest of the delegates shifted to Cleveland, and he was nominated.

The spoils system survived much longer in many states, counties and municipalities, such as the Tammany Hall ring, which survived well into the 1930s when New York City reformed its own civil service.

St. Tammany Parish is colloquially referred to as part of the " Northshore " or " North Shore " throughout metropolitan New Orleans, owing to its location on Lake Pontchartrain.

With the completion of high-speed road connections to St. Tammany from New Orleans and its older suburbs ( Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, the I-10 Twin Span ), the parish began to develop as a bedroom community.

While St. Tammany was sparsely populated and almost wholly rural in the 1950s, its population exceeded 200, 000 in the wake of Hurricane Katrina's landfall in 2005.

Hurricane Katrina made its final landfall in eastern St. Tammany Parish.

Although indebted to the Tammany Hall political machine, particularly to its boss, " Silent " Charlie Murphy, he remained untarnished by corruption and worked for the passage of progressive legislation.

In its very early days, the Tammany Society used a room in a tavern on Chatham Street – which is now Park Row – as an unofficial campaign headquarters on election days, referring to it as " Tammanial Hall ".

Tammany Hall merged politics and entertainment, already stylistically similar, in its new headquarters ...

** Costikyan was a member of the Tammany Executive Committee 1955 – 1964, and laments the passing of its social services and its unifying force

Henceforth, the spoils system survived much longer in many states, counties and municipalities, such as the Tammany Hall ring, which survived well into the 1930s when New York City reformed its own civil service.

Named for its primary legislative sponsor, state senator Timothy Sullivan, a Tammany Hall politician, it dates to 1911, and is still in force, making it one of the older existing gun control laws in the United States.

Meanwhile, he exploited his role as mediator with the city's legitimate business world and soon forced Tammany Hall to recognize him as a necessary ally in its running of the city.

His opera Tammany ; or, The Indian Chief became controversial after its first performance.

John W. Goff, candidate for district attorney, said of one of his opponents: " I would like to hear Mr. Nicoll explain his great flip-flop, for three years ago, you know, as the Republican candidate for District Attorney, he bitterly denounced Tammany as a party run by bosses and in the interest of bossism .... Nicoll, who three years ago was denouncing Tammany, is its candidate to-day.

Richard Croker was educated in the public schools of New York City, where he eventually became a member of Tammany Hall and active in its politics.

Examples of its use in America were by all sorts of opponents of the Tammany Hall rule of New York City and by the old Yankee political elite who opposed the transfer of power to Irish immigrants in Boston.

Although the pressure of anti-Tammany Democratic organizations forced Tammany Hall to approve his nomination, he denounced its measures, and did much to contribution to the breaking up of the latter organization.

In 1886, Hewitt was elected mayor of New York City when Richard Croker of Tammany Hall – which had resumed its control of the Democratic Party in the city – arranged for Hewitt to get the Democratic nomination, despite his being the leader of the anti-Tammany " Swallowtails " of the party: Croker needed a strong candidate to oppose the United Labor Party candidate, political economist Henry George.

However, it has also been argued that powerful Tammany Hall boss Jimmy Hines was able to successfully get enough votes forged to get LaGuardia unseated in this election as well.

The Tammany Hall ward boss or ward heeler – " wards " were the city's smallest political units from 1686 to 1938 – served as the local vote gatherer and provider of patronage.

From 1872, Tammany had an Irish " boss ," and in 1928 a Tammany hero, New York Governor Al Smith won the Democratic presidential nomination.

New Yorkers now saw DeSapio as an old-time Tammany Hall boss, and Hogan would lose the Senate election to Republican Kenneth Keating ; Republican Nelson Rockefeller would also be elected Governor the same year as well.

One of the biggest urban scandals of the post-Civil War era was the corruption and bribery case of Tammany boss William M. Tweed in 1871 that was uncovered by newspapers.

The New York State Assembly appropriated $ 3 million for the city to buy it, but this fell through when a newspaper reporter discovered that the plan was a graft scheme by Tammany Hall boss Richard Croker.

The Flatiron's other original tenants included publishers ( magazine publishing pioneer Frank Munsey, American Architect and Building News and a vanity publisher ), an insurance company ( the Equitable Life Assurance Society ), small businesses ( a patent medicine company, Western Specialty Manufacturing Company and Whitehead & Hoag, who made celluloid novelties ), music publishers ( overflow from " Tin Pan Alley " up on 28th Street ) and other miscellaneous concerns ( a landscape architect, the Imperial Russian Consulate and the Bohemian Guides Society ), as well as the offices of the Roebling Construction Company, owned by the sons of Tammany Hall boss Richard Croker.

He sought the Democratic nomination for Governor in 1954, but, after persuasion by powerful Tammany Hall boss Carmine DeSapio, abandoned his bid for Governor was nominated by the Democratic State Convention to run for New York State Attorney General.

Both of the Borough Presidents were ejected from their posts as a result of a full investigation, including the murder of a Manhattan gambler named Herman Rosenthal, allegedly on the orders of New York Police Lieutenant Charles Becker resulting in the controversial impeachment of William Sulzer, the Governor of New York State, after Sulzer fell out with Tammany boss Charles Francis Murphy.

Tammany boss William M. Tweed was an American politician who ran what is considered now to have been one of the most corrupt political machines in the country's history.

After his retirement from the Senate, Lehman remained politically active, working with Eleanor Roosevelt and Thomas K. Finletter in the late 1950s and early 1960s to support the reform Democratic movement in Manhattan that eventually defeated longtime Tammany Hall boss Carmine DeSapio.

As boss of Tammany, he demonstrated liberal credentials when he diversified Tammany's leadership by naming the first Puerto Rican Manhattan district leader, Anthony Mandez, and backed Hulan Jack as Manhattan's first African-American Borough President.

New Yorkers now saw DeSapio as an old-time Tammany Hall boss and Hogan would lose the Senate election to Republican Kenneth Keating ; Republican Nelson Rockefeller would also be elected Governor the same year as well.

* Timothy " Big Tim " Sullivan, longtime political boss of Tammany Hall, is committed to a sanitarium.

When Republican boss Thomas Platt, seeking political advantage over his enemies at Tammany Hall, arranged for the establishment of the Lexow Committee to investigate corruption in the Police Department ( NYPD ), Goff was appointed Chief Counsel to the committee.

Tammany boss Charles Francis Murphy wanted his upstate ally William F. Sheehan to be elected, but a faction of the Democratic Party, led by State Senator Franklin D. Roosevelt, blocked Sheehan's election.