The Apollo Belvedere is a marble sculpture that was rediscovered in the late 15th century ; for centuries it epitomized the ideals of Classical Antiquity for Europeans, from the Renaissance through the 19th century.

The collection of prints covers the tradition of fine printmaking from its beginnings in the 15th century up to the present, with near complete holdings of most of the great names before the 19th century.

* Spanish colonization of the Americas, the period of history of Spanish rule over most of the Americas, from the 15th century through the late 19th century

There are huge differences of opinion as to when dachshunds were specifically bred for their purpose of badger hunting, as the American Kennel Club states the dachshund was bred in the 15th century, while the Dachshund Club of America states that foresters bred the dogs in the 18th or 19th century.

Austria proper ( as opposed to the complex of Habsburg lands as a whole ) had been an Archduchy since the 15th century, and most of the other territories of the Empire had their own institutions and territorial history, although there were some attempts at centralization, especially during the reign of Marie Therese and her son Joseph II and then finalized in the early 19th century.

In Great Britain between the 15th to 19th centuries charcoal from alder buckthorn was greatly prized for gunpowder manufacture ; cottonwood was used by the American Confederate States.

Flag of the Holy Roman Empire 15th to 19th century.

European colonisation during the 15th to 19th centuries resulted in the spread of Christianity to Sub-Saharan Africa, the Americas, Australia and the Philippines.

At times, Jews were also restricted in their choice of residence — in Morocco, Jews were confined to walled quarters ( mellahs ) beginning in the 15th century and increasingly since the early 19th century.

The title Liber Pontificalis goes back to the 12th century, although it only became current in the 15th century, and the canonical title of the work since the edition of Duchesne in the 19th century.

From the 15th to the 19th century, European contact with Mauritania was dominated by the trade for gum arabic.

After a brief period of economic prosperity in the 15th century, the city's economy suffered during the wars of religion of the 16th and 17th centuries, and recovery did not happen until the industrial revolution in the early 19th century.

Sir Charles Barry's collaborative design for the Palace of Westminster uses the Perpendicular Gothic style, which was popular during the 15th century and returned during the Gothic revival of the 19th century.

Export slavery remained a major business in Sierra Leone from the late 15th century to the mid 19th century.

* City fortifications, begun in the 13th century, extended between the 14th and 15th centuries, mostly demolished in the 19th century, but partially preserved with a few city gates and watchtowers ( among them the so-called Leaning Tower ) from the Vistula side.

* According to Abrahamic religious tradition, the era of the Patriarch Abraham ( however, other datings include 19th century BC, and / or 17th century through 15th century BC )

Islamic influence had reached East Malaysia from as early as the 15th century while there are also Christian influence beginning the 19th century.

Conquered by the Ottoman Empire in the 15th century, Epirus became semi-independent during the rule of Ali Pasha in the early 19th century, but the Ottomans re-asserted their control in 1821.

* Colonel-in-Chief of the 15th / 19th The King's Royal Hussars

Early modern maps of Africa from the 15th – 19th centuries, drawn by European cartographers from accounts written by explorers and travellers, reveal some interesting information about Biafra:

Major slave trading regions of Africa, 15th – 19th centuriesAfricans themselves played a role in the slave trade, by selling their captive or prisoners of war to European buyers.

Most historians now agree that at least 12 million slaves left the continent between the 15th and 19th century, but 10 to 20 % died on board ships.

The Volga Tatars used the Turkic Old Tatar language for their literature between the 15th and 19th centuries.

Some of the oldest surviving European ship models have been those of early craft such as galleys, galleons, and possibly carracks, dating from the 12th through the 15th centuries and found occasionally mounted in churches, where they were used in ceremonies to bless ships and those who sailed in them, or as votive offerings for successful voyages or surviving peril at sea, a practice which remained common in Catholic countries until the 19th century.

The standardisation of English in the 15th through 17th centuries included such a growth in the use of abbreviations.

It is against this background that two religious orders or congregations, one of men and one of women, when founded in the Milan area during the 13th and 15th centuries, took Saint Ambrose as their patron and hence adopted his name.

If during the 14 – 15th centuries armour seldom weighed more than 15 kg, then by the late 16th century it weighed 25 kg.

* Croydon Palace: the summer residence of the Archbishops from the 15th to the 18th centuries.

Little remains of the claustral buildings of the Abbey except for the impressive gatehouse, which stretches between the south-west corner of the church and a defensive tower on the High Street, and the still complete Abbot's House, a building of the 13th, 15th and 16th centuries, which is the best-preserved of its type in Scotland.

The period from the 15th to the 17th centuries was marked by bitter struggles with the Ottoman Empire.

The most notable of these early immigrants were the Shirazi Arab royal clans, who arrived in Comoros in the 15th and 16th centuries and stayed to build mosques, create a royal house and introduce architecture and carpentry.

It was one of many constellations created by European explorers in the 15th and 16th centuries out of unfamiliar Southern Hemisphere stars.

From the 13th to 15th centuries cannon armed Chinese ships also traveled throughout Southeast Asia.

In the Age of Exploration, from the 15th century to the 17th century, European cartographers both copied earlier maps ( some of which had been passed down for centuries ) and drew their own based on explorers ' observations and new surveying techniques.

Other movements, such as the Waldensians and the pantheistic Brethren of the Free Spirit, which suffered persecution in the same area, survived in remote areas and in small numbers into the 14th and 15th centuries.

* Notable draftsmen of the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries include Leonardo da Vinci, Albrecht Dürer, Michelangelo, Raphael, and Donatello.

However, several coins, seals and images exist, both foreign and domestic, from the 13th to 15th centuries and even earlier, showing flags similar to Dannebrog.

However, if one examines the few existing foreign sources about Denmark from the 13th to 15th centuries, it is apparent that, at least from foreign point of view ; the national symbol of Denmark was not a red-and-white banner but the royal coat of arms ( three blue lions on a golden shield.

The elementary properties of sliding ( kinetic ) friction were discovered by experiment in the 15th to 18th centuries and were expressed as three empirical laws:

Feudalism was a set of legal and military customs in medieval Europe that flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries, which, broadly defined, was a system for structuring society around relationships derived from the holding of land in exchange for service or labour.

The Spanish vihuela or ( in Italian ) "", a guitar-like instrument of the 15th and 16th centuries, is widely considered to have been a seminal influence in the development of the guitar.

From the 11th to 15th centuries, the sugar trade into Europe was an Arab monopoly, and its value was often compared with gold.

In Europe, its use became widespread in the 13th century, and peaked in the 14th and 15th centuries.

In the 15th and 16th centuries, trade flourished across the Atlantic between Spain and the Americas and across the Pacific between East Asia and Mexico via the Philippines.

The political environment in Europe during the 15th and 16th centuries was also volatile.

Although Muslims had passed through Malaysia as early as the 10th century, it was not until the 14th and 15th centuries that Islam first established itself on the Malay Peninsula.