In Western culture, a concept similar to that of prana can be traced back as far as the 18th century's Franz Anton Mesmer, who used " animal magnetism " to cure disease.

Because the French Revolution and Napoleon's reign witnessed the first application of the lessons of the 18th century's wars on trade and dynastic disputes, commentators often falsely assume that such ideas arose from the revolution rather than found their implementation in it.

In 2005 he was selected by the BBC History Magazine as the 18th century's worst Briton.

In the final analysis he was one of the last of the 18th century's quietist Quakers, although his combative personality marked him as quite different from most others who bore that title.

The gallant interior scenes reflect the 18th century's turn towards the private and the bourgeois.

According to Giuseppe Tucci, by the time of the Qing Dynasty, " a new Tibetan art was then developed, which in a certain sense was a provincial echo of the Chinese 18th century's smooth ornate preciosity.

According to Giuseppe Tucci, by the time of the Qing Dynasty, " a new Tibetan art was then developed, which in a certain sense was a provincial echo of the Chinese 18th century's smooth ornate preciosity.

His novels, written for the most part anonymously, take place in the wake of two of the great 18th century's philosophical movements of Rationalism and Illuminism, and often mix scientific considerations with cabalistic, magical and alchemical ones.

In the context of the wars between Russia and the Muslim peoples of the Caucasus, starting as early as the late 18th century's Sheikh Mansur's resistance to Russian expansion, the word usually appears in the form gazavat ( газават ).

Although Edwards search for the mutiny ringleaders ultimately proved fruitless, his voyages might have provided clues to the fate of one of the 18th century's greatest mysteries, the fate of the Lapérouse expedition.

In a republic, by contrast, people must be persuaded to submit their own interests to the government, and this voluntary submission constituted the 18th century's notion of civic virtue.

Henry Carey was a Tory, or an anti-Walpolean, and he identified with Alexander Pope, in particular, in his stance on the 18th century's cultural polemic ( see Augustan poetry for the issues behind Ambrose Philips and Alexander Pope's poison pen battle ).

The British were the biggest transporters of slaves across the Atlantic during the 18th century.

In the 18th and 19th centuries, Wuppertal was one of the biggest industrial regions of continental Europe.

Bordeaux is home to one of Europe's biggest 18th century architectural urban areas, making it a sought-after destination for tourists and cinema production crews.

Ernst & Young took six floors ( from the 11th to 18th floors ), or about, in 2IFC, to become the biggest tenant.

In the last few years, the State Government promoted the total restoration of the Pelourinho, the biggest set of colonial style buildings in Latin America, today transformed into an important point for visitation by tourists, that will find there a synthesis of what best Bahia has to offer in specialized services, in regional and international cooking, in architecture of the 17th and 18th centuries and in music, with daily shows by the great artists of Bahia, famous in the country and abroad.

In the 18th century, after the end of the Turkish wars and expulsion of the Turks from the region, Komárom, one of the biggest towns in the country, again began to flourish.

The city also houses the University of Coimbra General Library, Portuguese second biggest library, after the National Library in Lisbon, and the Botanical Garden of the University of Coimbra from the 18th century.

The biggest mine owner in the area was the London Lead Company ; this Religious Society of Friends ( Quakers ) organisation with enlightened employment policies established an interest in the area during the early 18th century.

It grew rapidly in the 18th century near what was then the world's biggest copper mine at the nearby Parys Mountain.

The 1st Cavalry Army was later defeated in a Battle of Komarów, which became known as " the biggest cavalry battle since the 18th century.

It is the tallest building in Hungary and the 18th biggest church in the world.

However, his biggest influences were the 18th century poet Robert Fergusson and the Italian dialect sonneteer Giuseppe Gioachino Belli.

With its dimensions it is one of the biggest Theban chapels of the 18th Dynasty.

The Black Eagle Brewery was constructed in the early 18th century ( c. 1724 ) and eventually employed over 1000 people, becoming the largest brewery in London and the second biggest in Britain.

At the start of a new industrial age in the 18th century, it was believed that " people are the riches of the nation ", and there was a general faith in an economy that paid its workers low wages because high wages meant workers would work less.

However, in the 17th and 18th centuries Bern encouraged industrial development in Unteraargau and by the late 18th century it was the most industrialized region in the city-state.

Agricultural improvement began in the centuries before the Industrial revolution got going and it may have played a part in freeing up labour from the land to work in the new industrial mills of the 18th century.

The origins of unions ' existence can be traced from the 18th century, where the rapid expansion of industrial society drew women, children, rural workers, and immigrants to the work force in numbers and in new roles.

Historians see Chartism as both a continuation of the 18th century fight against corruption and as a new stage in demands for democracy in an industrial society.

In the 18th century, then, it became a major agricultural and industrial exporter.

As the industrial revolution converted western societies from agrarian to industrial in the 18th and 19th centuries, photography and lithography contributed to the boom of an advertising industry that integrated typography and imagery together on the page.

Yet, by the 18th century, the time of the Industrial revolution ( 1750 – 1850 ) and of industrial capitalism, the bourgeoisie had become the economic ruling class who owned the means of production ( capital and land ), and who controlled the means of coercion ( armed forces and legal system, police forces and prison system ).

With the discovery of bituminous coal deposits at the end of the 18th century by a local church priest, new industrial sectors developed in the Chorzów area.

By the end of the 18th century, however, Barnsbury, like other parts of Islington, was being regarded as attractive part-rural suburbs by the comparatively wealthy people wanting to move out of the cramped City of London and industrial Clerkenwell.

From the late 18th century to comparatively recent times, Battersea, and certainly north Battersea, was established as an industrial area, with all of the issues associated with pollution and poor housing affecting it.

Gunpowder manufacture on an industrial scale started in the area in the 18th century, on a site between Twickenham and Whitton on the banks of the River Crane.

The development of the region into an urbanized industrial area started in the late 18th century with the early industrialisation in the nearby Wupper Valley in the Bergisches Land.

Historians see Chartism as both a continuation of the 18th century fight against corruption and as a new stage in demands for democracy in an industrial society.

The rise of tobacco and textile industries in the 18th century made Duisburg an industrial center.

Two industrial villages developed to supplement the agricultural economy, with such businesses as the Rumford Chemical Works, but what had been the industrial area of the town in the late 18th and early 19th century was lost when East Providence was incorporated in 1862 taking half of the town's territory, two-thirds of its valuation and more than two-thirds of its population.

In the 18th century, this area held many mills and other small industrial developments that used water power generated by Fort Pond Brook.

Ardenne is the origin of the great industrial period of Wallonia, the second of the world ( 18th, 19th and 20th centuries ).

This landscape developed from the 17th century as one of the first industrial landscapes in the world, and by the 18th century had a range of extractive industries as well as extensive iron making, ceramic manufacturing ( including porcelain and decorative tiles ) and a series of early railways.

Further impulse was in the 18th century by the regional nobility and the construction of remarkable palaces ; in the 19th century by industrial growth and the suburban development of Uría Street ; and finally in the 20th century by administrative and commercial development.