By these measures, Congress, so the Court ( in effect ) now decides, gave not only needless but inadequate relief, since it now appears that the federal courts have inherent power to sterilize the Act of 1875 against all proceedings challenging local regulation ''.

The Taft-Hartley Act gave the federal courts jurisdiction over `` suits for violation of contracts between an employer and a labor organization representing employees in an industry affecting commerce ''.

The Irish Free State, whose consent to the Abdication Act was also required, neither gave it nor allowed the British legislation to take effect in the Free State's jurisdiction ; instead, the Irish parliament passed its own Act — the Executive Authority ( External Relations ) Act — the day after the Declaration of Abdication Act took force elsewhere, meaning Edward VIII, for one day, remained King of Ireland while George VI was king of all the other realms.

In March 1933, one month after the Reichstag fire, the then president, Paul von Hindenburg, a retired war hero, gave Hitler ultimate power through Enabling Act of 1933, he remained at the post of Federal Government Chancellor ( though he called himself the Führer ).

The 1844 Bank Charter Act tied the issue of notes to the gold reserves and gave the bank sole rights with regard to the issue of banknotes.

On 7 June 1753, King George II gave his formal assent to the Act of Parliament which established the British Museum.

This allowed substantial leeway for more traditionalist clergy to retain some of the vestments which they felt were appropriate to liturgical celebration ( at least until the Queen gave further instructions under the Act of Uniformity of 1559 ).

The Rump had not agreed to its own dissolution when it was dispersed by Cromwell and legislation from the period immediately before the Civil War — the Act against dissolving the Long Parliament without its own consent ( 11 May 1641 ) -- gave them the legal basis for this view.

In 1990 Croydon Council with the then London Regional Transport ( LRT ) put the project to Parliament and the Croydon Tramlink Act 1994 resulted, which gave LRT the power to build and run Tramlink.

At the same time the influx of federal funding also gave rise to demands for accountability and the behavioral objectives approach of Robert F. Mager and others foreshadowed the No Child Left Behind Act passed in 2002.

It also gave the state governments the same powers the Reich government possessed under the Enabling Act.

In October James gave orders for the lords lieutenants in the provinces to provide three standard questions to all members of the Commission of the Peace: would they consent to the repeal of the Test Act and the penal laws ; would they assist candidates who would do so ; and they were requested to accept the Declaration of Indulgence.

The Enabling Act, passed by the Reichstag in 1933, gave Hitler and his party full legislative powers, and the country became a de facto dictatorship.

It came into force with the Jamaica Independence Act, 1962 of the United Kingdom Parliament, which gave Jamaica political independence.

The United States gave up its claims to 14 islands of the Line and Phoenix chains ( previously asserted under the Guano Islands Act ) in the 1979 Treaty of Tarawa.

Trudeau responded by invoking the War Measures Act, which gave the government sweeping powers of arrest and detention without trial.

In 1774, Guy Carleton obtained from the British Government the Quebec Act, which gave Canadiens most of the territory they held before 1763 ; the right of religion ; and their right of language and culture.

The Central Board for the Protection of Aborigines had been advocating such powers since 1860, and the passage of the Act gave the colony of Victoria a wide suite of powers over Aboriginal and ' half-caste ' persons, including the forcible removal of children, especially ' at risk ' girls.

The Defense Authorization Act of 2009, signed by President Bush, contained a provision that gave veterans and active-duty service members not in uniform the right to salute during the playing of the national anthem.

In February 1937, the South African Parliament formally gave its " assent " by passing the Abdication Act, which declared that Edward had abdicated on 10 December 1936 ; that he and his descendants, if any, would have no right of succession to the throne ; and that the Royal Marriages Act would not apply to him or his descendants, if any.

Its creation largely stemmed from the great public outcry over the Excise Act of 1754, which gave tax collectors unlimited powers to interrogate colonists concerning their use of goods subject to customs and permitted the use of a general warrant known as a writ of assistance, allowing them to search the homes of colonists and seize “ prohibited and uncustomed ” goods.

less than a score of years later Congress enacted the Employment Act of 1946, by which the national government assumed the responsibility of taking action to insure conditions of maximum employment.

The Commission shall certify to the Secretary of State, upon his request, copies of the formal submissions of claims filed pursuant to subsection ( B ) of Section 4 of this Act for transmission to the foreign government concerned.

The Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Act, also signed in 1862, provided government grants for agricultural colleges in each state.

* Anti-Deficiency Act, U. S. law that prohibits the federal government from incurring debts not authorized by Congress

" On July 27, 1868, the day before the Fourteenth Amendment was adopted, U. S. Congress declared in the preamble of the Expatriation Act that " the right of expatriation is a natural and inherent right of all people, indispensable to the enjoyment of the rights of life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness ," and ( Section I ) one of " the fundamental principles of this government " ( United States Revised Statutes, sec.

* 1935 – Social Security Act, creating a government pension system for the retired.

However, its decisions can be overruled by the Australian Governor-General ( effectively by the national government ) under section 35 of the Australian Capital Territory ( Self-Government ) Act 1988.

* 1861 – American Civil War: in order to help pay for the war effort, the United States government levies the first income tax as part of the Revenue Act of 1861 ( 3 % of all incomes over US $ 800 ; rescinded in 1872 ).

It was reported in October 2011 that the Australian federal government had reached an agreement with all of the states on potential changes to their laws in the wake of amendments to the Act of Settlement.

* 1949 – U. S. President Harry S. Truman signs the National Security Act Amendment, streamlining the defense agencies of the United States government, and replacing the Department of War with the United States Department of Defense.

The first opportunity for the protectionist Tories under Disraeli and Stanley to take office came in 1851, when Lord John Russell's government was defeated in the House of Commons over the Ecclesiastical Titles Act 1851.

Cross, the Home Secretary, Disraeli's government introduced various reforms, including the Artisan's and Labourers ' Dwellings Improvement Act 1875, the Public Health Act 1875, the Sale of Food and Drugs Act ( 1875 ), and the Education Act ( 1876 ).

His government also introduced a new Factory Act meant to protect workers, the Conspiracy and Protection of Property Act 1875 to allow peaceful picketing, and the Employers and Workmen Act ( 1875 ) to enable workers to sue employers in the civil courts if they broke legal contracts.

After a brief Conservative interlude ( during which the Second Reform Act was passed by agreement between the parties ), Gladstone won a huge victory at the 1868 election and formed the first Liberal government.

According to its Memorandum & Articles of Association, its objectives are :- “ To act as Nominee or agent or attorney either solely or jointly with others, for any person or persons, partnership, company, corporation, government, state, organisation, sovereign, province, authority, or public body, or any group or association of them ....” Bank of England Nominees Limited was granted an exemption by Edmund Dell, Secretary of State for Trade, from the disclosure requirements under Section 27 ( 9 ) of the Companies Act 1976, because, “ it was considered undesirable that the disclosure requirements should apply to certain categories of shareholders .” The Bank of England is also protected by its Royal Charter status, and the Official Secrets Act.

Part 7 of the Civil Law ( Miscellaneous Provisions ) Act 2011 has started this process and the government has committed to further reform.

This resulted in a regularisation of municipal government ( Municipal Corporations Act 1835 ).

The British Parliament passed the Government of India Act of 1858 to this effect, which set up the structure of British government in India.

In 1911 he took up a government job as an " official explainer ", touring the country to explain David Lloyd George's National Insurance Act.

; Cruelty to persons under sixteen: Section 1 ( 1 ) of the Children and Young Persons Act 1933 provides that it is an offence for a person who has attained the age of sixteen years, and who has responsibility for a child or young person under that age, to, amongst other things, wilfully assault that child or young person, or to cause or procure that child or young person to be assaulted, in a manner likely to cause him unnecessary suffering or injury to health.

Under the terms of the Bank of England Act 1998 ( which came into force on 1 June 1998 ), the bank's Monetary Policy Committee was given sole responsibility for setting interest rates to meet the Government's stated Retail Prices Index ( RPI ) inflation target of 2. 5 %.

Regulation of telecommunications and broadcasting are the responsibility of the Gibraltar Regulatory Authority ( GRA ), established by means of the Gibraltar Regulatory Authority Act in 2000.

The Act is the responsibility of Natural Resources Canada.

The Homicide Act 1957 is the statutory basis for the defense of diminished responsibility in England & Wales, whereas in Scotland it is a product of case law.

The London Passenger Transport Act 1933 removed responsibility for of tram route from the London County Council, three county boroughs and a number of other local authorities in the Greater London area.

The National Transport Authority ( NTA ) is a governmental department established under the Road Traffic Act in 1980 whose main responsibility is the regulation and control of road transport in Mauritius and Rodrigues.

Under the Planning Act of the province, municipalities have the option to assume responsibility for land-use planning through the development and adoption of official plans and land use bylaws.

The resulting tariff rates in the Payne – Aldrich Tariff Act of 1909 were too high for the progressives, based in part on Taft's campaign promises ; but instead of blaming the act's shortcomings on Senator Nelson W. Aldrich and big business, Taft claimed the responsibility, calling it the best bill to come from the Republican Party.

An earlier attempt to create an Employment and Social Insurance Act during the Great Depression had been ruled to be unconstitutional, since unemployment assistance was judged by the courts to be a provincial responsibility.

Before the Nuclear Regulatory Commission ( NRC ) was created, nuclear regulation was the responsibility of the AEC, which Congress first established in the Atomic Energy Act of 1946.

The Police Act of August 1976 set up a Police Complaints Board “ to formalise the procedure for dealing with public complaints .” The Education Act of November 1976 limited the taking up of independent and direct-grant school places and required all local authorities who had failed to do so “ to submit proposals for comprehensive schools ,” while the Housing ( Homeless Persons ) Act of 1977 extended local authority responsibility “ to provide accommodation for homeless people in their area ,” and instituted the right of homeless families to a permanent local authority tenancy.

Since the enactment of the Prosecution of Offences Act 1974 the responsibility for the prosecution of indictable criminal offences is mostly in the hands of the Director of Public Prosecutions who is by law independent of the Attorney General and the State.

This jurisdiction, granted under the Family Law Act 1975, is a Commonwealth responsibility under the ' matrimonial causes ' head of power in Section 51 ( xxii ) of the Australian Constitution.

In 1898, in part as a response to criticisms of universities which merely served as centres for the administration of tests, and calls for research and education to be more central functions of universities, the first University of London Act was passed, reforming the University and giving it responsibility for monitoring course content and academic standards within its institutions.

") After several failed attempts to rectify this situation, Congress finally passed the Radio Act of 1927, which transferred most of the responsibility for radio to a newly created Federal Radio Commission.

The FRC had a short, 6-year term in American history and transferred its responsibility, as the agency for managing the radio spectrum, to the FCC after the Communications Act of 1934.

In 1689, the first Mutiny Act was passed, passing the responsibility to enforce discipline within the military to Parliament.

In the United States, the Wireless Communications and Public Safety Act of 1999 leaves the burden of responsibility upon the subscribers and not the service providers to keep their emergency information up to date.

In 1968, the office of the Lord Chamberlain ceased to have responsibility for censoring live entertainment, after the Theatres Act 1968.

The state's legal responsibility for the historic environment goes back to the Ancient Monuments Protection Act 1882.

As a result of the National Heritage Act 2002, English Heritage acquired administrative responsibility for historic wrecks and submerged landscapes within 12 miles of the English coast.