His commentaries were greatly esteemed among the Arabs, who translated many of them, and he is heavily quoted by Maimonides.

The Indian numerals were adopted by the Persian and Arabic mathematicians in India, and passed on to the Arabs further west.

The reason the digits are more commonly known as " Arabic numerals " in Europe and the Americas is that they were introduced to Europe in the 10th century by Arabs of North Africa, who were then using the digits from Libya to Morocco.

However, a percentage of the indigenous Assyrian population ( known as Ashuriyun by the Arabs ) resisted this process, Assyrian Aramaic language and Church of the East Christianity were still dominant in the north, as late as the 11th and 12th centuries AD.

The Assyrians were prized by the British rulers for their fighting qualities, loyalty, bravery and discipline, and were used to help the British put down insurrections among the Arabs and Kurds.

Also, prior to the massive Sephardic emigrations to the Middle East in the 16th and 17th centuries, the Jewish communities of what are today Syria, Iraq, Israel, Lebanon, Egypt and Yemen were known by other Jewish communities as Musta ' arabi Jews or " like Arabs ".

Circumcision was forbidden, Iudaea province was renamed Syria Palaestina and Jews ( formally all circumcised men, Arabs too ) were banned from entering the city on pain of death.

Critics of the 18th century — Guichard Folard and the Prince de Ligne — were unanimous in thinking Aelian greatly inferior to Arrian, but Aelian exercised a great influence both on his immediate successors, the Byzantines, and later on the Arabs, ( who translated the text for their own use ).

Specifically, the Yemeni Arabs were unhappy that the prince was mounted on a fine Spanish steed.

The Arabs were unable to succeed in converting the population because of constant revolts from the mountain tribes in the Afghan area.

The Arabs were unable to succeed in converting the population of that area because of constant revolts from the mountain tribes.

Hussein learned of the agreement when it was leaked by the new Russian government in December 1917, but was satisfied by two disingenuous telegrams from Sir Reginald Wingate, High Commissioner of Egypt, assuring him that the British government's commitments to the Arabs were still valid and that the Sykes-Picot Agreement was not a formal treaty.

The population of the Banda Islands prior to Dutch conquest is generally estimated to have been around 13, 000-15, 000 people, some of whom were Malay and Javanese traders, as well as Chinese and Arabs.

The constellations around the South Pole were not observable from north of the equator, by either Babylonians, Greeks, Chinese or Arabs.

However Batutta reported that Arabs and Christians were safe, as their flesh was " unripe " and would cause the eater to fall ill.

The earliest inhabitants of the islands were probably Arabs and Africans, the latter probably Bantu-speaking ; the earliest evidence of settlement of the islands dates from the eighth century.

As early as the days of Saladin, and while the Ma ' ans were still in complete control over southern Lebanon, the Shihab tribe, originally Hijaz Arabs but later settled in Ḥawran, advanced from Ḥawran, in 1172, and settled in Wadi al-Taym at the foot of mount Hermon.

The Qaysite party represented the Ḥijaz and Bedouin Arabs who were regarded as inferior by the Yemenites who were earlier and more cultured emigrants into Syria from southern Arabia.

During the Middle Ages, giraffes were only known to Europeans through contact with the Arabs, who revered the giraffe for its peculiar appearance.

The Arabs for instance employed a variety of incendiary substances similar to the Byzantine weapon, but they were never able to copy the Byzantine method of deployment by siphon, and used catapults and grenades instead.

The British demanded that the number of Jewish recruits match the number of Palestinian Arab recruits but very few Arabs were willing to fight for Britain.

Nevertheless, the unwalled cities and towns that remained were subject to slave raids by the Phoenicians and intervention in their internal affairs from Samaritans, Arabs and Ammonites.

After several wars including the Battle of Rajasthan, where the Hindu Rajput clans defeated the Umayyad Arabs, their expansion was checked and contained to Sindh in Pakistan, many short-lived Islamic kingdoms ( sultanates ) under foreign rulers were established across the north western subcontinent over a period of a few centuries.

The Abbasids also appealed to non-Arab Muslims, known as mawali, who remained outside the kinship-based society of the Arabs and were perceived as a lower class within the Umayyad empire.

After a preliminary strike against the Arabs in Armenia, Justinian managed to augment the sum paid by the Umayyad Caliphs as an annual tribute, and to regain control of part of Cyprus.

The Arabs reached the Maghreb in early Umayyad times.

Sindh was ruled by local Hindu and Buddhist rulers until 712 CE, when it was invaded by the Arabs and incorporated into part of the Umayyad Caliphate.

The origins of the taifas must be sought in the administrative division of the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba, as well in the ethnic division of the elite of this state, divided among Arabs, Berbers, Iberian Muslims ( known as Muladíes-the overwhelming majority ) and the Eastern European former slaves.

Then, in 715 when Alutar, the new king of Fergana Valley, was installed with the help of the Arabs of the Umayyad Caliphate.

At the end of the 7th century, the Umayyad Arabs entered into the area now known as Afghanistan after decisively defeating the Sassanians in Nihawand.

Pollack says that the defeat of the Arabs during the Six-Day War of July 1967 was an important factor in the coup, as the officers believed that Libya should have dispatched forces to aid Egypt and the other Arab states.

During the 1948 Arab – Israeli War, Arafat left the University and, along with other Arabs, sought to enter Palestine to join Arab forces fighting against Israeli troops.

* Byzantine forces regain Cyprus from the Arabs.

In conjunction with another victory over the Arabs in Armenia, it marks the beginning of the Empire's resurgence, and its counteroffensive against the forces of Islam.

In propaganda broadcasts from Berlin, the Mufti continued to call on Arabs to rise up against the British and aid German and Italian forces.

On the following day, the Palestinian Arabs, assisted by Arab States, entered into a state of hostilities against Israel when the Arab League forces under the command of King Abdullah I of Jordan entered the Palestine Mandated area into the territory allotted for the Arab partition.

In the aftermath 107 Arabs ( mostly villagers ) and 4 among the IZL-Lehi forces are killed.

INC represented the first major attempt by opponents of Saddam to join forces, bringing together Kurds, Sunni and Shi ' ite Arabs ( both Islamic fundamentalist and secular ), as well as democrats, monarchists, nationalists and ex-military officers.

Emboldened by the increase of his forces in Anatolia, Justinian now renewed the war against the Arabs.

Recalled by Michael I Rangabe in 811, Leo became governor of the Anatolic theme and conducted himself well in a war against the Arabs in 812, defeating the forces of the Cilician thughur under Thabit ibn Nasr.

The Byzantine forces were defeated in Pamphylia, Crete, and on the border with Syria by the Abbasids, but a Byzantine fleet of 85 ships did score a victory over the Arabs in 853, also there were many operations around the Aegean and off the Syrian coast by at least three more fleets, numbering 300 ships total.

He then began defeating the scattered Arab forces and taking towns in the west and south of the island, and almost succeeded in driving the Arabs from the island.

That the Arabs already possessed sufficient naval forces in the western Mediterranean is attested by their activities against the Balearic Islands.

Abdullah explained Transjordan's armed forces entry into Palestine to the Security Council saying " we were compelled to enter Palestine to protect unarmed Arabs against massacres similar to those of Deir Yassin.

He distrusted the leaders of the other Arab nations and thought they had weak military forces ; the other Arabs distrusted Abdullah in return.

The Arabs eventually joined the British forces against the Ottomans with the Arab Revolt in 1916.

Upon reading about the Arab Revolt and due to an increasing hostile Ottoman approach to Arab affairs ( his friend Salim Al-Jazairi was executed along with other prominent Arabs for nationalist activities by another Ottoman general, Jamal Pasha ), Ja ’ far decided that this was precisely in line with beliefs he had and decided to switch sides from the Ottomans to the Hashemite Revolt forces along with his friend Nuri as-Said.

*" Zionist forces expelled the Palestinian Arabs to ensure a decisive Jewish majority in the future state of Israel, and Arab armies intervened.

After the partition of Roman Empire in 395 and the upcoming of Islam at the beginning of the 7th century, raids by Arabs resulted in great loss of land for Byzantium and the region of Akhisar witnessed many battles between Byzantine and Arab forces.

It did negate the promises made to Arabs through T. E. Lawrence for a national Arab homeland in the area of Greater Syria, in exchange for their siding with British forces against the Ottoman Empire.

In 1976, it became the site of the first Land Day marches, in which six Israeli Arabs were killed by Israeli forces during violent protests of government confiscation of of Arab-owned land near Sakhnin.

" The Palmah ' intentionally left open the exit routes for the population to " facilitate " their exodus ...' " According to Gilbert, " The Arabs of Safed began to leave, including the commander of the Arab forces, Adib Shishakli ( later Prime Minister of Syria ).

Disputes between the Arabs of Hittin and the Jews of Mitzpa and Kfar Hittim were frequent, and in the 1929 Palestine riots, the Arabs of Hittin joined forces with nearby villages to attack Kfar Hittim.