The figure of Centaurus can be traced back to a Babylonian constellation known as the Bison-man ( MUL. GUD. ALIM ).

The Greek constellation is probably based on the Babylonian figure known as the Mad Dog ( UR. IDIM ).

Pisces Austrinus originated with the Babylonian constellation simply known as the Fish ( MUL. KU ).

The concept of the constellation was known to exist during the Babylonian period.

In the Babylonian star catalogues, Triangulum together with γ And formed the constellation known as < sup > MUL </ sup > APIN () " The Plough ".

The Babylonian calendar as it stood in the 7th century BC assigned each month to a sign, beginning with the position of the Sun at vernal equinox, which, at the time, was depicted as the Aries constellation (" Age of Aries "), for which reason the first sign is still called " Aries " even after the vernal equinox has moved away from the Aries constellation due to the slow precession of the Earth's axis of rotation.

The Greek constellation may be an adaptation of the Babylonian constellation known as the Old Man ( MUL. SHU. GI ) which is associated with East ( as a cardinal direction ) in the MUL. APIN, an astronomical compilation dating to around 1000 BCE.

The Greek Aquila is probably based on the Babylonian constellation of the Eagle ( MUL. A. MUSHEN ), which is located in the same area as the Greek constellation.

According to one theory, the Greek constellation takes its name from the Babylonian constellation known as the Star of Eridu ( MUL. NUN. KI ).

* The Babylonian name for the constellation Aquarius

* In the Babylonian star catalogues, γ Andromedae together with Triangulum formed the constellation known as < sup > MUL </ sup > APIN () " The Plough ".

Aplu, it is suggested, comes from the Akkadian Aplu Enlil, meaning " the son of Enlil ", a title that was given to the god Nergal, who was linked to Shamash, Babylonian god of the sun.

Aplu, meaning the son of, was a title given to the god Nergal, who was linked to the Babylonian god of the sun Shamash.

In Old Babylonian astronomy, Ea was the ruler of the southernmost quarter of the Sun's path, the " Way of Ea ", corresponding to the period of 45 days on either side of winter solstice.

Anbar was adjacent or identical to the Babylonian Jewish center of Nehardea ( Hebrew: ), and lies a short distance from the present-day town of Fallujah, formerly the Babylonian Jewish center of Pumbeditha ( Hebrew: ).

By 300 BC, a punctuation symbol ( two slanted wedges ) was co-opted as a placeholder in the same Babylonian system.

The Babylonian placeholder was not a true zero because it was not used alone.

It also remained the spoken tongue of the indigenous Assyrian / Babylonian citizens of all Mesopotamia under Persian, Greek and Roman rule, and indeed well into the Arab period it was still the language of the majority, particularly in the north of Mesopotamia, surviving to this day among the Assyrian Christians.

In the earliest Indian astronomy texts, the year was believed to be 360 days long, similar to that of Babylonian astrology, but the rest of the early astrological system bears little resemblance.

Rav was a descendant of a distinguished Babylonian family which claimed to trace its origin to Shimei, brother of King David ( Sanhedrin 5a ; Ketubot 62b ).

While Judah I was still living, Rav, having been duly ordained as teacher — though not without certain restrictions ( Sanhedrin 5a )— returned to Babylonia, where he at once began a career that was destined to mark an epoch in the development of Babylonian Judaism.

In the Babylonian schools, Rav was rightly referred to as " our great master.

In Mesopotamia, it was linked to the god Enlil, and also known as Shudun, " yoke ", or SHU-PA of unknown derivation in the Three Stars Each Babylonian star catalogues and later MUL. APIN around 1100 BC.

The earliest parts of the book are possibly chapters 2 – 11, the story of the conquest ; more certain is that this section was then incorporated into an early form of Joshua that was part of then original Deuteronomistic history, written late in the reign of king Josiah ( reigned 640 – 609 BCE ); it seems clear that the book was not completed until after the fall of Jerusalem to the Babylonians in 586, and possibly not until after the return from the Babylonian exile late in the 6th century.

The Babylonian Talmud was the first attempt to attach authors to the holy books: each book, according to the authors of the Talmud, was written by a prophet, and each prophet was an eyewitness of the events described, and Joshua himself wrote " the book that bears his name ".

According to the Babylonian Chronicles, published by Donald Wiseman in 1956, it was established that Nebuchadnezzar captured Jerusalem the first time on 2 Adar ( 16 March ) 597 BC.

The first, termed Proto-Isaiah ( chapters 1 – 39 ), contains the words of the 8th-century BCE prophet with 7th-century BCE expansions ; the second, Deutero-Isaiah ( chapters 40 – 55 ), is the work of a 6th-century BCE author writing near the end of the Babylonian captivity ; and the third, the poetic Trito-Isaiah ( chapters 56 – 66 ), was composed in Jerusalem shortly after the return from exile, probably by multiple authors.

The Chronicles are an epitome of the sacred history from the days of Adam down to the return from Babylonian exile, a period of about 3, 500 years.

And Sukkot was the first sacred occasion observed after the resumption of sacrifices in Jerusalem following the Babylonian captivity ( Ezra 3: 2-4 ).

He fought and defeated the Elamites and drove them from Babylonian territory, sacking the Elamite capital Susa, and recovering the sacred statue of Marduk that had been carried off from Babylon.

* Eleazar ( son of Pinhas ), one of those in charge of the sacred vessels brought back to Jerusalem after the Babylonian Exile.

After a feast at which Belshazzar, the Babylonian king, commits sacrilege by using the Jews ' sacred vessels to praise the heathen gods, he is miraculously killed, the kingdom falls, and the Jews regain their freedom.

The Babylonian king Belshazzar profanes the sacred vessels of the enslaved Israelites.

Among the Cistercians, Gothic, Renaissance, Egyptian, Semitic, Babylonian, Arab, Greek and Roman traditions ; the harmonic proportions, human proportions, cosmological / astronomical proportions and orientations, and various aspects of sacred geometry ( the vesica piscis ), pentagram, golden ratio, and small whole-number ratios were all applied as part of the practice of architectural design.

In Babylonian religion, the ritual care and worship of the statues of deities was considered sacred ; the gods resided simultaneously in their statues in temples and in the natural forces they embodied.

The Babylonian center of Adad / Ishkur's cult was Karkara in the south, his chief temple being E. Karkara ; his spouse Shala his was worshipped in a temple named E. Durku.

* Adad, the Babylonian god of thunder, lightning, and prophesy

Shala is a Babylonian and Akkadian war goddess and a goddess of grain, the consort of the storm-god Adad.

Aquarius is identified as " The Great One " in the Babylonian star catalogues and represents the god Ea himself, who is commonly depicted holding an overflowing vase.

The Book of Daniel provides accounts of Jews in exile being assigned names relating to Babylonian gods and " Mordecai " is understood to mean servant of Marduk, a Babylonian god.

Enki () or Enkil ( Sumerian: ) is a god in Sumerian mythology, later known as Ea in Akkadian and Babylonian mythology.

In other stories, the universe is created by crafting it from pre-existing materials, such as the corpse of a dead god — as from Tiamat in the Babylonian epic Enuma Elish or from the giant Ymir in Norse mythology – or from chaotic materials, as in Izanagi and Izanami in Japanese mythology.

Babylonian tradition held the king as an agent of the Mesopotamian god Marduk, and the city of Babylon as a " holy city " where any legitimate ruler of southern Mesopotamia had to be crowned.

Nabu is the Babylonian deity of wisdom, and son of the god Marduk.

At the Babylonian New Year's festival, the priest was to commission from a woodworker, a metalworker and a goldsmith two images one of which " shall hold in its left hand a snake of cedar, raising its right to the god Nabu ".

A polished, black, stone Scaraboid seal showing a " Babylonian cultic scene " of two bearded men standing on each side of an altar dedicated to the Babylonian moon god Sin.

The Moabite Stone also mentions ( line 17 ) a female counterpart of Chemosh, Ashtar-Chemosh, and a god Nebo ( line 14 ), probably the well-known Babylonian divinity Nabu.

* Shamash, the Assyrian and Babylonian sun god

Thereafter, she took the form of a mermaid — human above the waist, fish below — though the earliest representations of Atargatis showed her as a fish with a human head and arm, similar to the Babylonian god Ea.

Joseph Campbell, a more recent scholar of comparative mythology, equates Ishtar, Inanna, and Aphrodite, and he draws a parallel between the Egyptian goddess Isis who nurses Horus, and the Babylonian goddess Ishtar who nurses the god Tammuz.

** Belus ( Babylonian ), the Greek Zeus Belos and Latin Jupiter Belus as translations of the Babylonian god Bel Marduk

The god Marduk and his dragon Mušḫuššu, from a Babylonian cylinder seal.

Comparisons can also be drawn with the Mesopotamian monster Tiamat and its slaying by Babylonian chief god Marduk.

Ramman was formerly incorrectly taken by many scholars to be an independent Babylonian god later identified with the Amorite god Hadad.