The Bank of England, formally the Governor and Company of the Bank of England, is the central bank of the United Kingdom and the model on which most modern central banks have been based.

The Bank is one of eight banks authorised to issue banknotes in the United Kingdom, but has a monopoly on the issue of banknotes in England and Wales and regulates the issue of banknotes by commercial banks in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

The current Governor of the Bank of England is Sir Mervyn King, who took over on 30 June 2003 from Sir Edward George.

As well as its London offices, the Bank of England also has offices in King Street, Leeds.

The sealing of the Bank of England Charter ( 1694 )

In order to induce subscription to the loan, the subscribers were to be incorporated by the name of the Governor and Company of the Bank of England.

He proposed a loan of £ 1. 2m to the government ; in return the subscribers would be incorporated as The Governor and Company of the Bank of England with long-term banking privileges including the issue of notes.

The Bank of England moved to its current location on Threadneedle Street, and thereafter slowly acquired neighbouring land to create the edifice seen today.

Sir Herbert Baker's rebuilding of the Bank of England, demolishing most of Sir John Soane's earlier building was described by architectural historian Nikolaus Pevsner as " the greatest architectural crime, in the City of London, of the twentieth century ".

The main Bank of England façade, c. 1980.

In 1977, the Bank set up a wholly owned subsidiary called Bank of England Nominees Limited ( BOEN ), a private limited company, with two of its hundred £ 1 shares issued.

According to its Memorandum & Articles of Association, its objectives are :- “ To act as Nominee or agent or attorney either solely or jointly with others, for any person or persons, partnership, company, corporation, government, state, organisation, sovereign, province, authority, or public body, or any group or association of them ....” Bank of England Nominees Limited was granted an exemption by Edmund Dell, Secretary of State for Trade, from the disclosure requirements under Section 27 ( 9 ) of the Companies Act 1976, because, “ it was considered undesirable that the disclosure requirements should apply to certain categories of shareholders .” The Bank of England is also protected by its Royal Charter status, and the Official Secrets Act.

BOEN has two shareholders: the Bank of England, and the Secretary of the Bank of England.

Tercentenary of the Bank of England, commemorated on a 1994 British two pound coin.

On 6 May 1997, following the 1997 general election which brought a Labour government to power for the first time since 1979, it was announced by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Gordon Brown, that the Bank of England would be granted operational independence over monetary policy.

* 1920 – Gerald Bouey, Canadian civil servant, Governor of the Bank of Canada ( d. 2004 )

The project established unique mechanisms for World Bank, private sector, government, and civil society collaboration to guarantee that future oil revenues benefit local populations and result in poverty alleviation.

A comprehensive studies of civil war was carried out by a team from the World Bank in the early 21st century.

* Paul Collier, Breaking the Conflict Trap: civil war and development policy World Bank ( 2003 )-320 pages

On August 19, 2003, the U. S. SEC charged Deutsche Bank with failing to disclose a material conflict of interest in its voting of client proxies for the merger and imposed a civil penalty of $ 750, 000.

A license typically allows the holder to carry one handgun, in some cases a long gun, and residents in certain settlements such as the West Bank are issued firearms by the government and given civil defense training.

Despite the severe damage the economy of Georgia suffered due to civil strife in the 1990s, Georgia, with the help of the IMF and World Bank, has made substantial economic gains since 2000, achieving robust GDP growth and curtailing inflation.

The World Bank and other international financial institutions pressured Congo to institute sweeping civil service reforms in order to reduce the size of the state bureaucracy and pare back a civil service payroll that amounted to more than 20 % of GDP in 1993.

According to the CIA and the Central Bank of Somalia, despite experiencing civil unrest, Somalia has maintained a healthy informal economy, based mainly on livestock, remittance / money transfer companies and telecommunications.

According to the Central Bank of Somalia, imports of goods total about $ 460 million per year, and have recovered and even surpassed aggregate imports prior to the start of the civil war in 1991.

Although Somalia has had no central monetary authority for upwards of 15 years between the outbreak of the civil war in 1991 and the subsequent re-establishment of the Central Bank of Somalia in 2009, the nation's payment system is actually fairly advanced due primarily to the widespread existence of private money transfer operators ( MTO ) that have acted as informal banking networks.

* Central and Eastern European Bankwatch network of civil society groups monitoring and lobbying on public Bank projects and policies

Through the RCNL, Howard led campaigns to expose brutality by the Mississippi state highway patrol and to encourage blacks to make deposits in the black-owned Tri-State Bank of Nashville which, in turn, gave loans to civil rights activists who were victims of a " credit squeeze " by the White Citizens ' Councils.

The political pressure of the ideologically charged civil war, in conjunction with the excruciating need for aid and funds to finance imports, compelled FRELIMO to negotiate its first structural adjustment package ( SAP ) with the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund ( IMF ) in 1986 ( commonly referred to as the Bretton Woods Institutions or International Financial Institutions — IFIs ).

He mentioned that the government in Buenos Aires was so eager to be on good terms with Britain and gain recognition of the declaration of independence that most official institutions ( as the Bank ) were under British control, and that Britain had similar control over the Argentine economy to that metropole of a colony, without the financial, civil or military costs.

* Timothy Thomas Fortune ( 1856 – 1928 ), orator, civil rights leader, journalist and founder of The New York Age, editor and publisher ; his Red Bank home, Maple Hill, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The site of the observatory, which includes the Jodrell Bank Visitor Centre and an arboretum, is located in the civil parish of Lower Withington ( the rest being in Goostrey civil parish ), near Goostrey and Holmes Chapel, Cheshire, North West England.

The commissioners themselves were prominent high-achievers, including the director-general of civil aviation, the deputy director, a Labor party luminary and former member of the Commonwealth Bank board, the director-general of posts and telegraphs, and the assistant secretary of the Treasury.

As of mid-June 2007, a Palestinian civil conflict was unfolding, as Hamas had taken control of the Gaza Strip from the Fatah-led forces while Fatah controlled most of the West Bank.

However, World Bank strictures restrict government subsidies for farmers, while the spread of fertilizer use may adversely affect ecosystems and human health and is hampered by various civil society groups.

Before becoming head of government, Maria das Neves worked as a civil servant in the Ministry of Finance and in the African Development Bank.

# appoint, after approval by the Senate, the Justices of the Supreme Federal Court and those of the superior courts, the Governors of the territories, the Attorney-General of the Republic, the President and the Directors of the Central Bank and other civil servants, when established by law ;

How to obtain the shopping list of aircraft, aviation supplies, volunteers and funds for the Bank of China were discussed in a meeting held at the home of Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau, Jr. Saturday afternoon, December 21, 1940, with Captain Chennault, Dr. T. V. Soong, and General Pang-Tsu Mow.

Shares of capital stock at $15 each in the latter company were payable at the Bank of Manchester or at various other Vermont banks.

Johnson attempted to make the most of the opportunities the position offered, using it as a springboard to higher honors, as the Governor's powers in the state were limited to offering mere suggestions on legislation ( with no veto power ), and managing the Bank of Tennessee and the penitentiary.

Plans were also made for a new retractable-roof ballpark, Bank One Ballpark, nicknamed the BOB, ( renamed in 2005 to Chase Field ) to be built in an industrial / warehouse district on the southeast edge of downtown Phoenix, one block from the Suns ' America West Arena ( now US Airways Center ).

A series of team-sponsored fan motorcoach trips from Tucson to Bank One Ballpark were inaugurated for the opening season and are still in operation to this day ( it is now known as the " Diamond Express ").

The Bank Charter Act 1844 began the process of restricting note issue to the Bank of England ; under this act, new banks were prohibited from issuing their own banknotes and existing note-issuing banks were not permitted to expand their issue.

Treasury notes had full legal tender status and were not convertible for gold through the Bank of England, replacing the gold coin in circulation to prevent a run on sterling and to enable raw material purchases for armament production.

In the late 1940s and early 1950s, hundreds of religious documents dated between 150 BCE and 70 CE were found in caves near the ancient settlement of Qumran, about a mile inland from the northwestern shore of the Dead Sea ( presently in the West Bank ).

The name and logo for EFTPOS in Australia were originally owned by the National Australia Bank and were trade marks from 1986 until 1991.

Some 400 Fatah members from the Gaza Strip were unable to attend the conference in Bethlehem after Hamas barred them from traveling to the West Bank.

Under the plan, all Israeli settlements in the Gaza Strip ( and four in the West Bank ) and the joint Israeli-Palestinian Erez Industrial Zone were dismantled with the removal of all 9, 000 Israeli settlers ( most of them in the Gush Katif settlement area in the Strip's southwest ) and military bases.

With the upgrading of the West Coast Demerara / East Bank Essequibo and the East Coast Demerara / West Coast Berbice roadways, the Government decided in mid 1970s to cease operating the railway services, which were being run at a loss.

In the mid-1980s, the World Bank reported that only 10, 000 new jobs were created annually ; the low rate of job creation resulted in 20, 000 people being added to the ranks of the unemployed every year.

Though most banks were sold to foreign investors, the largest bank, National Savings Bank ( OTP ), remained Hungarian-owned.

These reforms not only increased investor confidence, but they were also supported by the IMF and the World Bank, however, they were not welcome widely by the Hungarians ; Bokros broke the negative record of popularity: 9 % of the population wanted to see him in an " important political position " and only 4 % were convinced that the reforms would " improve the country's finances in a big way "

The 9 / 11 Commission Report has since confirmed that the bulk of the funds used to finance the assault were not sent through the hawala system, but rather by an official inter-bank wire transfer to a SunTrust Bank in Florida, where two of the conspirators had opened a personal account.

The Bank of England then continued to use wooden tally sticks until 1826 when they were taken out of circulation and stored in the Houses of Parliament until 1834, when the authorities decided that the tallies were no longer required and that they should be burned.