The sealing of the Bank of England Charter ( 1694 )

The 1844 Bank Charter Act tied the issue of notes to the gold reserves and gave the bank sole rights with regard to the issue of banknotes.

According to its Memorandum & Articles of Association, its objectives are :- “ To act as Nominee or agent or attorney either solely or jointly with others, for any person or persons, partnership, company, corporation, government, state, organisation, sovereign, province, authority, or public body, or any group or association of them ....” Bank of England Nominees Limited was granted an exemption by Edmund Dell, Secretary of State for Trade, from the disclosure requirements under Section 27 ( 9 ) of the Companies Act 1976, because, “ it was considered undesirable that the disclosure requirements should apply to certain categories of shareholders .” The Bank of England is also protected by its Royal Charter status, and the Official Secrets Act.

* The Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China is incorporated in London by Scotsman James Wilson, under a Royal Charter from Queen Victoria.

* May 31 – The Royal Bank of Scotland is founded by Royal Charter in Edinburgh.

In 1844 the Bank Charter Act established that Bank of England notes, fully backed by gold, were the legal standard.

The first bank to receive a national charter was the First National Bank of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ( Charter # 1 ).

The first new national bank to open was The First National Bank of Davenport, Iowa ( Charter # 15 ).

The Charter for the company was drawn up by Blunt, based upon that of the Bank of England.

* Standard Chartered Bank was granted Royal Charter in 1853.

Students may also attend Red Bank Regional High School, Marine Academy of Science and Technology, Academy of Allied Health & Science, Academy Charter School, High Technology High School, Communications High School or Biotechnology High School.

Red Bank Charter School is a K-8 public school that operates under a charter granted by the New Jersey Department of Education and accepts students and receives its funding from a portion of property taxes, like a typical public school.

Students may also attend Red Bank Regional High School, Marine Academy of Science and Technology, Academy of Allied Health & Science, Academy Charter School, High Technology High School, Communications High School or Biotechnology High School.

Despite his earlier attitude, Lord Ashburton disapproved of Peel's free trade and opposed the Bank Charter Act of 1844.

Its first rival, the Royal Bank of Scotland was formed by Royal Charter in 1727.

The sale of LaSalle was seen as obstructive by many: as a way of blocking the RBS bid, which hinged on further access to the US markets, in order to expand on the success of the group's existing American brands, Citizens Bank and Charter One.

In Cincinnati, First National Bank of Cincinnati opened for business in 1863 under National Charter # 24 with the boom of Civil War cannons firing just across the Ohio, but it survived through many more decades to grow into Star Bank.

At the core of the modern-day group is the old Bank of Ireland, the ancient institution established by Royal Charter in 1783.

Expansion outside New England began in 2001, when RBS purchased the retail banking division of Mellon Financial Corporation in Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Delaware, and three years later, bought Cleveland-based Charter One Bank for $ 10. 5 billion ( see below ), which made Citizens Financial the ninth-largest bank in the United States with over $ 128 billion in assets and 1, 400 branches across 13 states, making Citizens Financial Group contribute 25 % to the profits of RBS.

In late 2004, Citizens Financial acquired Cleveland-based Charter One Bank for $ 10. 5 billion, with branches in Illinois, Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, upstate New York, and Vermont.

To be eligible to borrow from a Bank for Cooperatives, a cooperative must be an association in which farmers act together in processing and marketing farm products, purchasing farm supplies, or furnishing farm business services, and must meet the requirements set forth in the Farm Credit Act of 1933, as amended.

The rupee equivalent of $63.8 million, but not more than 5 percent of the currencies received under the Agreement will be used for loans to be made by the Export-Import Bank of Washington under Section 104 ( E ) of the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act, as amended ( hereinafter referred to as the Act ), and for administrative expenses of the Export-Import Bank of Washington in India incident thereto.

In the event the rupees set aside for loans under Section 104 ( E ) of the Act are not advanced within six years from the date of this Agreement because the Export-Import Bank of Washington has not approved loans or because proposed loans have not been mutually agreeable to the Export-Import Bank of Washington and the Department of Economic Affairs of the Government of India, the Government of the United States of America may use the rupees for any purpose authorized by Section 104 of the Act.

The dethroning of queen Isabel II meant a vacuum that was profited by the Bank of New York and some Cubans opposed to the projected extension of the 1837 Abolition Act to finance a Texas style " independence " revolution known as the Cuban 10 Years War ( 1868 – 78 ) lost by the Cubans.

Under the terms of the Bank of England Act 1998 ( which came into force on 1 June 1998 ), the bank's Monetary Policy Committee was given sole responsibility for setting interest rates to meet the Government's stated Retail Prices Index ( RPI ) inflation target of 2. 5 %.

However, the limitations of the 1844 Act only affected banks in England and Wales, and today three commercial banks in Scotland and four in Northern Ireland continue to issue their own sterling banknotes, regulated by the Bank of England.

At the start of the First World War, the Currency and Bank Notes Act 1914 was passed which granted temporary powers to HM Treasury for issuing banknotes to the value of £ 1 and 10 /- ( ten shillings ) in the UK.

In Ireland – when it was part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland – the Bank Holidays Act 1871 established the feast day of St. Stephen as a non-movable public holiday on 26 December.

* Bank Secrecy Act

However, faced with a tide of poverty, Hoover and the Congress approved the Federal Home Loan Bank Act, to spur new home construction and reduce foreclosures.

In an attempt to prevent dirty money from entering the US financial system in the first place, the United States Congress passed a series of laws, starting in 1970, collectively known as the Bank Secrecy Act.

* Bank Secrecy Act

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.

* January 8 – Nicholas Biddle, President of the Second Bank of the United States ( d. 1844 )

By 1844, Red Bank had become a commercial and manufacturing center, focused on textiles, tanning, furs, and other goods for sale in Manhattan.

The station opened on 8 May 1842 as Store Street station and as Bank Top station, terminus of the Manchester and Birmingham Railway, which shared it from August 1844 with the Sheffield, Ashton-under-Lyne and Manchester Railway.

In 1844, ordinances were passed making the Union Bank banknotes legal tender and authorising the government to issue debentures in small denominations, thus creating two sets of legal tender.

Nicholas Biddle ( January 8, 1786 – February 27, 1844 ) was an American financier who served as the president of the Second Bank of the United States.

In 1844, Samuel Gray Ward of Boston, the American representative for Barings Bank of London, assembled tracts of land to create the first estate in Lenox.

The Bank of Ceylon was the first private bank to issue banknotes on the island ( 1844 ) and Treasury notes were withdrawn in 1856.

These were initially issued under British law until 1844 when the New Zealand Governor signed an ordinance allowing the Bank to issue bank notes but required that these be a minimum of 1 pound and redeemable at demand for gold or silver.

* Bank Buildings, Threadneedle Street, City of London ( 1764 – 66 ) demolished 1844

Elected Speaker of the House in 1843, 1844, and 1845, Moore worked closely with Governor Benjamin Fitzpatrick in the liquidation of the State Bank.

* Nicholas Biddle ( 1786 – 1844 ), president of the Second Bank of the United States

* Nicholas Biddle ( banker ) ( 1786 – 1844 ), American banker and President of the Second Bank of the United States

Nicholas Biddle ( 1786 – 1844 ) was chairman of the school ’ s building committee and president of the Second Bank of the United States in Philadelphia.

Breadalbane was also Rector of the University of Glasgow between 1840 and 1842 and of Marischal College, Aberdeen, between 1843 and 1845, President of the Society of Antiquaries between 1844 and 1862 and Governor of the Bank of Scotland between 1861 and 1862.

The influence of the " Free Banking School " declined significantly after Congleton's death in 1842, and the Bank Charter Act of 1844 eliminated the right of new banks in England and Wales to issue notes, thus consolidating the Bank of England's monopoly, which Congleton had opposed.