* 1457 BC – Likely date of the Battle of Megiddo between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of Kadesh, the first battle to have been recorded in what is accepted as relatively reliable detail.

* In David Gemmell's Troy trilogy Hektor is seen as a man of peace and would rather breed his horses than go to war but is forced by King Priam to fight for the Hittite empire against the Egytians at the Battle of Kadesh and other conflicts.

Under Suppiluliuma I and Mursili II, the Empire was extended to most of Anatolia and parts of Syria and Canaan, so that by 1300 BC the Hittites were bordering on the Egyptian sphere of influence, leading to the inconclusive Battle of Kadesh in 1274 BC.

* 1274 BC: The Battle of Kadesh in Syria.

Egyptians and Hittites sign the earliest known peace treaty at the end of the Battle of Kadesh.

2000 BC and their use peaked around 1300 BC ( see Battle of Kadesh ).

The Battle of Kadesh in 1274 BC is likely to have been the largest chariot battle ever fought, involving some five thousand chariots.

Ramses II fighting from a chariot at the Battle of Kadesh with two archers, one with the reins tied around the waist to free both hands ( relief from Abu Simbel )

* 1274 BC — The Battle of Kadesh ( or Battle of Qadesh ) in Syria, regarded as the largest ( 5 – 6, 000 ) chariot vs. chariot battle in antiquity.

The end of the Battle of Kadesh was followed by some 15 years of border warfare ended by the signing of the earliest known peace treaty between the Hittites and Egyptians, the Treaty of Qadesh.

After Ramesses II succeeded in defeating the invaders and capturing some of them, Sherden captives are depicted in this Pharaoh's bodyguard, where they are conspicuous by their helmets with horns with a ball projecting from the middle, their round shields and the great Naue II swords, with which they are depicted in inscriptions of the Battle with the Hittites at Kadesh.

Ramesses tells us, in his Kadesh inscriptions, that he incorporated some of the Sherden into his own personal guard at the Battle of Kadesh.

* Battle of Megiddo ( 15th century BC ) between Thutmose III and a coalition under the King of Kadesh.

* Battle of Kadesh

In the famous narrative of the Battle of Kadesh, Ramesses II was said to have seen the enemy and " raged at them like Monthu, Lord of Thebes ".

On the Orontes was fought the Battle of Kadesh during the reign of Ramesses II ( 1279 – 1213 BC ).

* Battle of Kadesh

Redating the reign of Ramesses II to three centuries later than that given by the conventional chronology would not only reposition the date of the Battle of Kadesh and revise the linked chronology of Hittite history, it would also require a revision of the chronology of Assyrian history prior to 911 BC.

Records or possible records of sea peoples generally or in particular date to two campaigns of Ramesses II, a pharaoh of the militant 19th Dynasty: operations in or near the delta in Year 2 of his reign and the major confrontation with the Hittite Empire and allies at the Battle of Kadesh in his Year 5.

The Sherden prisoners were subsequently incorporated into the Egyptian army for service on the Hittite frontier by Ramesses, and were involved as Egyptian soldiers in the Battle of Kadesh.

The Battle of Kadesh was the outcome of a campaign against the Hittites and allies in the Levant in the pharaoh's Year 5.

The twin temples were originally carved out of the mountainside during the reign of Pharaoh Ramesses II in the 13th century BC, as a lasting monument to himself and his queen Nefertari, to commemorate his alleged victory at the Battle of Kadesh, and to intimidate his Nubian neighbors.

* 1274 – November 20 – The Yuan Dynasty under Kublai Khan attempts the first of several invasions of Japan ; after capturing outlying islands, the Yuan forces are repulsed on the main island at the Battle of Bun ' ei by amassed Japanese warriors and a strong storm which batters their forces and fleet.

In 1274 the Astigiani troops were defeated at the Battle of Cassano, but, on December 12, 1275, were victorious over the Angevins at the Battle of Roccavione, ending Charles ' attempt to expand in Piedmont.

By the 13th century, the relationship between the city of Cologne and its archbishop had become difficult, and after the Battle of Worringen in 1288, the forces of Brabant and the citizenry of Cologne captured the Archbishop Siegfried of Westerburg ( 1274 – 97 ), resulting in an almost complete freedom for the city ; to regain his liberty, the archbishop recognized the political independence of Cologne, but reserved certain rights, notably the administration of justice.

In early October 1274, the Battle of Bun ' ei began with a combined force of Mongols and Koreans seizing Tsushima, and then attacking Kyūshū, landing at Hakata Bay.

* 1274 – Battle of Bun ' ei, the first invasion in the Mongol invasions of Japan

In 1274 BC, Karkisa are also mentioned among those who fought on the Hittite Empire side against the Egyptians in the Battle of Kadesh.

His campaigns of reconquest culminated in the Battle of Kadesh in 1274 BC, where he led Egyptian armies against those of the Hittite king Muwatalli II and was caught in history's first recorded military ambush.

One of the earliest recorded peace treaties was concluded between the Hittite and Egyptian empires after the ca. 1274 BC Battle of Kadesh ( see Egyptian-Hittite peace treaty ).

The valley of Glenmalure provided an almost unassailable refuge for the clans and English forces suffered heavy defeats there, first in 1274 and again in 1580 in the Battle of Glenmalure.

His great-grandfather was Robert the Bruce ( 1274 – 1329 ), legendary victor of the Battle of Bannockburn.

Chariot usage peaked in the Battle of Kadesh in 1274 BC, which was probably the largest chariot battle ever fought, involving perhaps 5, 000 chariots.

Although the Battle of Kadesh in 1274 BC appears to have been inconclusive, reliefs erected by Ramesses II show him scattering his Hittite opponents with his chariot.

He is best known as the Hittite ruler who fought Ramesses II to a standstill at the Battle of Kadesh around 1274 BC.

Hattusili was a commander of Hittite forces during the famous Battle of Kadesh against Egypt in 1274 BC.

In the subsequent revolt, Hatusilli gathered a considerable force including natural allies from his local strongholds of Nerik and Hakpissa, as well as many non-aligned Hittites who were impressed with his record of service to the Hittite Empire including his strategic military victory over Ramesses II of Egypt in the 1274 BC Battle of Kadesh compared to the rather " undistinguished and largely unproven occupant of the throne of Hattusa "-Urhi-Teshub / Mursilis III — who had lost Hanigalbat to Assyria in his reign.

* November 19, 1274 ( Bun ' ei 11, 20th day of the 10th month ): Battle of Bun ' ei -- Kublai Khan's Mongol forces land at Hakata Bay near Fukuoka in Kyūshū.

* Ramses II ( Battle of Kadesh, 1274 BC ) Aired on Friday, October 15

* 479 BC – Greco-Persian Wars: Persian forces led by Mardonius are routed by Pausanias, the Spartan commander of the Greek army in the Battle of Plataea.

* 48 BC – Caesar's Civil War: Battle of Pharsalus – Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus and Pompey flees to Egypt.

* 338 BC – A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea, securing Macedonian hegemony in Greece and the Aegean.

* 216 BC – Second Punic War: Battle of Cannae – The Carthaginian army led by Hannibal defeats a numerically superior Roman army under command of consuls Lucius Aemilius Paullus and Gaius Terentius Varro.

The Triumvirate was eventually torn apart under the competing ambitions of its members: Lepidus was driven into exile and stripped of his position, and Antony committed suicide following his defeat at the Battle of Actium by Augustus in 31 BC.

* 322 BC – Battle of Crannon between Athens and Macedon.

The early policy of Ambracia was determined by its loyalty to Corinth ( for which it probably served as an entrepot in the Epirus trade ), its consequent aversion to Corcyra ( as Ambracia participated on the Corinthian side at the Battle of Sybota, which took place in 433 BC between the rebellious corinthian colony of Corcyra ( modern Corfu ) and Corinth ).

The Battle of Qarqar is mentioned in extra-biblical records, and was perhaps at Apamea where Shalmaneser III of Assyria fought a great confederation of princes from Cilicia, Northern Syria, Israel, Ammon, and the tribes of the Syrian desert ( 853 BC ), including Ahab ( A-ha-ab-bu < sup > mat </ sup >) ( Adad -' idri ).

Sargon of Akkad ( Sharru-kin = " legitimate king ", possibly a title he took on gaining power ; 24th century BC ) defeated and captured Lugal-Zage-Si in the Battle of Uruk and conquered his empire.

* 49 BC – Julius Caesar's general Gaius Scribonius Curio is defeated in the Second Battle of the Bagradas River by the Numidians under Publius Attius Varus and King Juba of Numidia.

On May 28, 585 BC, during the Battle of Halys fought against Cyaxares, king of Media, a solar eclipse took place ( see also Thales ); hostilities were suspended, peace concluded, and the Halys fixed as the boundary between the two kingdoms.

In 168 BC, the Romans invaded Macedonia and overthrew the king, Perseus, in the First Battle of Pydna.

In 148 BC, in what the Romans called the Fourth Macedonian War, he was defeated by the Roman praetor Q. Caecilius Metellus ( 148 ) at the Second Battle of Pydna, and fled to Thrace, whose prince gave him up to Rome, thus marking the final end to Andriskos ' reign of Macedonia.

* 43 BC – Battle of Forum Gallorum: Mark Antony, besieging Julius Caesar's assassin Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus in Mutina, defeats the forces of the consul Pansa, who is wounded.

In 490 BC, Aeschylus and his brother Cynegeirus fought to defend Athens against Darius I's invading Persian army at the Battle of Marathon.

The Delian League, founded about 477 BC, was an association of Greek city-states, members numbering between 150 to 173, under the leadership of Athens, whose purpose was to continue fighting the Persian Empire after the Greek victory in the Battle of Plataea at the end of the Second Persian invasion of Greece.

However, the invasion ended in 490 BC with the decisive Athenian victory at the Battle of Marathon.

The following year, 479 BC, the Allies assembled the largest Greek army yet seen and defeated the Persian invasion force at the Battle of Plataea, ending the invasion and the threat to Greece.

The Battle of Coronea, in 447 BC, led to the abandonment of Boeotia.

However, after the victorious Battle of Marathon in 490 BC, they decided to revise the plan and use marble instead.

* 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed.

The islands were the scene of the Battle of the Aegates Islands of 241 BC, in which the Carthaginian fleet was defeated by C. Lutatius Catulus ; the engagement ended the First Punic War.

His attempts to take control of the whole of Alexander's empire led to his defeat and death at the Battle of Ipsus in 301 BC.

The last scion of the dynasty, Perseus of Macedon, who reigned between 179-168 BC, proved unable to stop the advancing Roman legions and Macedon's defeat at the Battle of Pydna signaled the end of the dynasty.