* The Bell Curve, a 1994 book by Richard J. Herrnstein and Charles Murray

The term itself was coined by Richard Herrnstein and Charles Murray, authors of The Bell Curve.

In response to the controversy surrounding The Bell Curve, the American Psychological Association's Board of Scientific Affairs established a task force in 1995 to write a report on the state of intelligence research which could be used by all sides as a basis for discussion, " Intelligence: Knowns and Unknowns ".

Another debate followed the appearance of The Bell Curve ( 1994 ), a book by Richard Herrnstein and Charles Murray, who argued in favor of the hereditarian viewpoint.

They include The Bell Curve Debate ( 1995 ), Inequality by Design: Cracking the Bell Curve Myth ( 1996 ) and a second edition of The Mismeasure of Man ( 1996 ) by Steven J. Gould.

The Bell Curve also led to a 1995 report from the American Psychological Association, " Intelligence: Knowns and Unknowns ", acknowledging a gap between average IQ scores of whites and blacks as well as the absence of any adequate explanation of it, either environmental or genetic.

The Bell Curve, published in 1994, was written by Richard Herrnstein and Charles Murray as a work designed to explain, using empirical statistical analysis, the variations in intelligence in American society, raise some warnings regarding the consequences of this intelligence gap, and propose national social policy with the goal of mitigating the worst of the consequences attributed to this intelligence gap.

The Bell Curve argues that:

The revised and expanded, second edition of the Mismeasure of Man ( 1996 ) analyzes and challenges the methodological accuracy of The Bell Curve ( 1994 ), by Richard Herrnstein and Charles Murray, which re-presented the arguments of what Gould terms biological determinism, which he defines as " the abstraction of intelligence as a single entity, its location within the brain, its quantification as one number for each individual, and the use of these numbers to rank people in a single series of worthiness, invariably to find that oppressed and disadvantaged groups — races, classes, or sexes — are innately inferior and deserve their status.

Charles Murray, co-author of The Bell Curve ( 1994 ), said that his views about the distribution of human intelligence, among the races and the ethnic groups who compose the U. S. population, were misrepresented in The Mismeasure of Man.

" Curveball: Review of The Bell Curve.

* Charles Murray ( author ) ( born 1943 ), American policy writer, co-wrote The Bell Curve and Losing Ground

* January 8-Charles Murray, Bell Curve author

* The Feeding Trough: The Bradley Foundation, " The Bell Curve " and the Real Story Behind W-2, Wisconsin's National Model for Welfare Reform., Phil Wilayto, 1997

Many science-related controversies are discussed in popular science books and publications, such as the long-running debates over biological determinism and the biological components of intelligence, stirred by popular books such as The Mismeasure of Man and The Bell Curve.

Bell was used in the 1999 mystery novel Hanging Curve by Troy Soos, which takes place in Missouri, Indiana, and Illinois in 1922 with major Ku Klux Klan activity.

Herrnstein's research focused first on natural concepts and human intelligence in the 1970s, and peaked in prolificacy with the publication of his and Charles Murray's controversial best-selling book, The Bell Curve.

* The Bell Curve, Richard J. Herrnstein, Charles Murray, 1994 ISBN 0-02-914673-9

* Richard Herrnstein – developed the matching law, a mathematical model for decision making, co-authored the controversial The Bell Curve.

Human Accomplishment: The Pursuit of Excellence in the Arts and Sciences, 800 BC to 1950 is a book published in 2003 by Charles Murray, most widely known as the co-author of The Bell Curve, surveying outstanding contributions to the arts and sciences from ancient times to the mid-twentieth century.

The term " scientific racism " is pejorative as applied to contemporary theories, such as in The Bell Curve ( 1994 ), which investigated racial differences in IQ, concluding that genetics explained at least part of the IQ differences between races.

It is indeed true, as stated in the famous novel of our day, `` For Whom The Bell Tolls '', that `` no man is an island, entirely of itself ; ;

is: Alexander Graham Bell

He is also referred to in Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Birth-mark and Herman Melville's The Bell Tower.

As a matter of course, incoming calls to payphones are disabled ; furthermore, the Bell ANAC number is also disabled.

* The Liberty Bell is an iconic symbol of American independence, located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

* 1858 – After the original Big Ben, a 14. 5 tonne bell for the Palace of Westminster had cracked during testing, it is recast into the current 13. 76 tonne bell by Whitechapel Bell Foundry.

Advanced Mobile Phone System ( AMPS ) is an analog mobile phone system standard developed by Bell Labs, and officially introduced in the Americas in 1978, Israel in 1986, and Australia in 1987.

It is quite conventional in principle in past and present computing machines of the most varied types, e. g. desk multipliers, standard IBM counters, more modern relay machines, the ENIAC " ( Goldstine and von Neumann, 1946 ; p. 98 in Bell and Newell 1971 ).

In the International System of Units ( SI ), B is the symbol of the bel, a unit of logarithmic power ratios named after Alexander Graham Bell.

Bell Laboratories ( also known as Bell Labs and formerly known as AT & T Bell Laboratories and Bell Telephone Laboratories ) is the research and development subsidiary of the French-owned Alcatel-Lucent in Berkeley Heights, New Jersey.

Brian Wilson Kernighan (; born 1942 ) is a Canadian computer scientist who worked at Bell Labs alongside Unix creators Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie and contributed to the development of Unix.

*" Why Pascal is Not My Favorite Programming Language " – By Brian Kernighan, AT & T Bell Labs, 2 April 1981

Bell Bronze is used to make the tone rings of many professional model banjos.

B is a programming language that was developed at Bell Labs.

This is largely limited to the major incumbent carriers, such as Bell Canada and Telus, for traditional landline service ( but not Voice over Internet Protocol ( VoIP )).

The CRTC is sometimes blamed for the current state of the mobile phone industry in Canada, in which there are only three national mobile network operators – Bell Mobility, Telus Mobility, and Rogers Wireless – as well as a handful of MVNOs operating on these networks.

In computing, C (, like the letter C ) is a general-purpose programming language initially developed by Dennis Ritchie between 1969 and 1973 at Bell Labs.

DTMF tones are sometimes used in caller ID systems to transfer the caller ID information, however in the USA only Bell 202 modulated FSK signaling is used to transfer the data.

Advocating a more culturally sensitive approach to psychology, critics such as Carl Bell and Marcello Maviglia contend that the cultural and ethnic diversity of individuals is often discounted by researchers and service providers.

Since every equivalence relation over X corresponds to a partition of X, and vice versa, the number of possible equivalence relations on X equals the number of distinct partitions of X, which is the nth Bell number B < sub > n </ sub >:

where the above is one of the ways to write the nth Bell number.