Chinese pu vessel with interlaced Chinese dragon | dragon design, Spring and Autumn Period

There are two distinct cultural traditions of dragons: the European dragon, derived from European folk traditions and which is ultimately related to Greek and Middle Eastern mythologies, and the Chinese dragon, with counterparts in Japan, Korea and other East Asian countries.

Chinese dragon kite more than one hundred feet long which flew in the annual Berkeley, California, kite festival in 2000.

In Chinese art, Guanyin is often depicted either alone, standing atop a dragon, accompanied by a white parrot, flanked by two children, or flanked by two warriors.

The name oolong tea came into the English language from the Chinese name (), meaning " black dragon tea ".

Statue of the sun goddess Xihe ( deity ) | Xihe charioteering the sun, being pulled by a Chinese dragon | dragon, in Hangzhou

Also in various Chinese art and martial art, the tiger is depicted as an earth symbol and equal rival of the Chinese dragon – the two representing matter and spirit respectively.

A Chinese dragon at the Mengjia Longshan Temple in Taipei

In Chinese mythology, a carving of a Tree of Life depicts a phoenix and a dragon ; the dragon often represents immortality.

Lee had three other Chinese names: Li Yuanxin ( 李源鑫 ), a family / clan name ; Li Yuanjian ( 李元鑒 ), as a student name while he was attending La Salle College, and his Chinese screen name Li Xiaolong ( 李小龍 ; Xiaolong means " little dragon ").

In 1899, it was found that Chinese pharmacists were selling " dragon bones " marked with curious and archaic characters.

* Chinese dragon

In China and especially in Indochina, the Indian serpent nāga was equated with the lóng or Chinese dragon.

In yin and yang terminology, a dragon is yang and complements a yin fenghuang (" Chinese phoenix ").

In Chinese daily language, excellent and outstanding people are compared to the dragon while incapable people with no achievements are compared with other, disesteemed creatures, such as the worm.

A number of Chinese proverbs and idioms feature references to the dragon, for example: " Hoping one's son will become a dragon " ( 望子成龍, i. e. be as a dragon ).

In Chinese manuscripts, gold, camphor, tortoise shells, hornbill ivory, rhinoceros horn, crane crest, beeswax, lakawood ( a scented heartwood and root wood of a thick liana, Dalbergia parviflora ), dragon's blood, rattan, edible bird's nests and various spices were among the most valuable items from Borneo.

* 631 – Emperor Taizong of Tang, the Emperor of China, sends envoys to the Xueyantuo bearing gold and silk in order to seek the release of enslaved Chinese prisoners captured during the transition from Sui to Tang from the northern frontier ; this embassy succeeded in freeing 80, 000 Chinese men and women who were then returned to China.

This huge success of the Krugerrand encouraged other gold-producing countries to mint and issue gold bullion coins of their own, including the Canadian Gold Maple Leaf in 1979, the Australian Nugget in 1981, the Chinese Gold Panda in 1982, the American Gold Eagle in 1986, and the British Britannia coin in 1987.

* 1996 – Ye Shiwen, Chinese swimmer, Olympic gold medalist

* Chinese Gold Panda, a gold coin

Each storey finishes with a projecting roof, after the Chinese manner, originally covered with ceramic tiles and adorned with large dragons ; a story is still propagated that they were made of gold and were reputedly sold by George IV to settle his debts.

* Caravans make regular departures from Luoyang with Chinese ginger, cassia ( a type of cinnamon ), and silk to be bartered in Central Asia for gold, silver, glassware, pottery, cloth, and intaglio gems from Rome.

" Even though at first they were thought to be too weak or fragile to do this type of work, after the first few days on which Chinese were on the line, the decision was made to hire as many as could be found in California ( where most were independent gold miners or in service industries such as laundries and kitchens ).

The discovery of gold in Australia caused the establishment of relatively small Chinatowns in cities there, and similar migrations of Chinese resulted in tiny settlements termed " Chinatowns " being established in New Zealand and South Africa.

Melbourne's Chinatown originated during the Victorian gold rush in 1851 when Chinese prospectors joined the rush in search of gold.

The first Chinese immigrants came to Lower Manhattan around 1870, looking for the " gold " America had to offer.

Though the VOC substituted Bengali for Chinese silk other forces affected the supply of Japanese silver and gold.

On June 11, 631, Emperor Taizong also sent envoys to the Xueyantuo bearing gold and silk in order to persuade the release of enslaved Chinese prisoners who were captured during the transition from Sui to Tang from the northern frontier ; this embassy succeeded in freeing 80, 000 Chinese men and women who were then returned to China.

Silla artifacts, including unique gold metalwork, show influence from the northern nomadic steppes, with less Chinese influence than are shown by Goguryeo and Baekje.

The Kuomintang government also moved the entire gold reserve from the Chinese mainland to Taiwan, and used this reserve to back the newly-issued New Taiwan Dollar to stabilize the new currency and put a stop to hyperinflation.

A Chinese Western Han Dynasty ( 202 BC – 9 AD ) bronze rhinoceros with gold and silver inlay

The Roman Senate issued, in vain, several edicts to prohibit the wearing of silk, on economic and moral grounds: the importation of Chinese silk caused a huge outflow of gold, and silk clothes were considered to be decadent and immoral:

In the Korean language, it is also 金曜日 ( Hangul: 금요일, Romanization: geumyoil ), formed from " gold " + " day " from Korean pronunciation of the Chinese characters ).

The Chinese adopted the Scythian-style animal art of the steppes ( descriptions of animals locked in combat ), particularly the rectangular belt-plaques made of gold or bronze, and created their own versions in jade and steatite.

During the early stages of the gold rush, when surface gold was plentiful, the Chinese were tolerated, if not well received.

As gold became harder to find and competition increased, animosity toward the Chinese and other foreigners increased.

The Peiping Chinese were the only major silver seller in the world markets who stopped selling the metal on Monday morning, November 27, anticipating by two days the announcement of the U.S. Treasury that the pegged offering price will be removed.

Some Western modern occultists equate the Chinese classical element of metal with air, others with wood due to the elemental association of wind and wood in the ba gua.

In East Asia, metal is sometimes seen as the equivalent of earth and is represented by the White Tiger ( Chinese constellation ), known as 白虎 ( Bái Hǔ ) in Chinese, Byakko in Japanese, Bạch Hổ in Vietnamese and Baekho ( 백호, Hanja: 白虎 ) in Korean.

The earliest known Chinese metal tokens were made ca.

The specialized stove Kaye used for his Chinese dishes was fitted with special metal rings for the burners to allow the heat from them to be highly concentrated.

Daoshi act as interpreters of the principles of Yin-Yang 5 elements ( fire, water, soil, wood, and metal p. 53 ) school of ancient Chinese philosophy, as they relate to marriage, death, festival cycles, and so on.

Core samples of glaciers in Greenland indicate increases in pollution associated with Greek, Roman and Chinese metal production, but at that time the pollution was comparatively less and could be handled by nature.

The classical element of Water was also one of the five elements in traditional Chinese philosophy, along with earth, fire, wood, and metal.

* Although pioneered earlier in Korea and by the Chinese official Wang Zhen ( with tin ), bronze metal movable type printing is created in China by Hua Sui in 1490.

* Zhang Sixun, a Chinese astronomer and engineer, employs the use of liquid mercury in order for the escapement mechanism of his astronomical clock to function and for metal parts not to rust by using hydraulics ( water ) or to freeze in winter.

The water pipe employed since the Qing dynasty can be divided into two types: the homemade bamboo bong commonly made and used by country people, and a more elegant metal version employed by Chinese merchants, urbanites, and nobility.

The diffusion of both movable-type systems was, however, limited: They were expensive, and required an enormous amount of labour involved in manipulating the thousands of ceramic tablets, or in the case of Korea, metal tablets required for scripts based on the Chinese writing system, which have thousands of characters.

There's also some claims of more early Chinese metal movable type, some dates back to 1148 AD.

Collectivisation undermined incentives for the investment of labor and resources in agriculture ; unrealistic plans for decentralized metal production sapped needed labor ; unfavorable weather conditions ; and communal dining halls encouraged overconsumption of available food ( see Chang, G, and Wen, G ( 1997 ), " Communal dining and the Chinese Famine 1958-1961 " ).

From the late Shāng Dynasty, Chinese writing evolved into the form found in cast inscriptions on Chinese ritual bronzes made during the Western Zhou Dynasty ( c 1066 – 770 BC ) and the Spring and Autumn Period ( 770 – 476 BC ), a kind of writing called 金文 jīnwén " metal script ".

The 8-fold system of pa yin (" 8 sounds "), from the same source, occurred gradually, and in the legendary Emperor Shun's time ( 3rd millennium BC ) it is believed to have been presented in the following order: metal ( chin ), stone ( shih ), silk ( ssu ), bamboo ( chu ), gourd ( p ' ao ), clay ( t ' u ), leather ( ko ), and wood ( mu ) classes, and it correlated to the 8 seasons and 8 winds of Chinese culture, autumn and west, autumn-winter and NW, summer and south, spring and east, winter-spring and NE, summer-autumn and SW, winter and north, and spring-summer and SE, respectively ( Kartomi, 1990 ).

This idea is not limited to western practice: the ancient Chinese categorized instruments into eight categories of materials ( silk, bamboo, wood, gourd, earth, stone, metal, and skin ).

The author-scholar Ho Wei described most exactly the process in about 1095 CE, which suggests the Chinese were unaware nickel was a metal in its own right.

Notwithstanding what is here said, of the colour of the copper being owing to no mixture, it is certain the Chinese white copper as brought to us, is a mixt mixed metal ; so that the ore from which it was extracted must consist of various metallic substances ; and from such ore that the natural orichalcum if it ever existed, was made ".

The Five Elements or Forces ( wu xing ) – which, according to the Chinese, are metal, earth, fire, water, and wood – are first mentioned in Chinese literature in a chapter of the classic Book of History.

The town itself boasts a number of places that would be of interest to tourists, such as a very pretty wooden mosque built by Chinese artisans for the local Dungans between 1907 and 1910 entirely without metal nails and a similarly appealing wooden Russian Orthodox church, the Holy Trinity Cathedral, completed in 1895, used as an officer's club during Soviet times, but now restored and in use again.

* 1088-In his Dream Pool Essays ( 梦溪笔谈 ), the Chinese scientist Shen Kuo wrote vivid descriptions of tornadoes, that rainbows were formed by the shadow of the sun in rain, occurring when the sun would shine upon it, and the curious common phenomena of the effect of lightning that, when striking a house, would merely scorch the walls a bit but completely melt to liquid all metal objects inside.